Levodopa hmoov(txuas:https://www.bloomtechz.com/synthetic-chemical/api-researching-only/levodopa-powder-cas-59-92-7.html), cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb levodopa, molecular mis C9H11NO2, CAS 59-92-7, molecular hnyav 165.19, yog ib qho hluavtaws amino acid. Dawb los yog dawb crystalline hmoov. Melting point 285.5 degree (decomposition). Nws muaj iab saj thiab tsis zoo solubility. Nws tsuas yog me ntsis soluble hauv dej, soluble hauv dej kub, dilute acid thiab dilute alkali, thiab insoluble hauv ethanol, ether thiab chloroform. Tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw thiab tsis qab, tig dub hauv huab cua. Thaum ntub, nws oxidizes yooj yim nyob rau hauv cov huab cua thiab ua tsaus. Yooj yim soluble hauv dilute hydrochloric acid thiab formic acid, soluble hauv dej (66mg / ml), yuav luag insoluble hauv ethanol, benzene, chloroform thiab ethyl acetate. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb prodrug uas yuav hloov los ntawm lub cev mus rau hauv levodopa, ib tug pharmacologically active amino acid. Levodopa tuaj yeem kho cov kab mob neurological xws li Parkinson tus kab mob hauv tib neeg lub cev. Nws lub tswv yim ntawm kev ua yog los txo cov tsos mob ntawm Parkinson tus kab mob los ntawm kev ntxiv qhov tsis muaj dopamine hauv lub hlwb. Nws tseem tuaj yeem siv los ua tus thawj coj rau kev sib txuas ntawm lwm cov tshuaj thiab biocatalysts, thiab rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim cov tshuaj tshiab. Yog li ntawd, nws muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv kev kho mob. Ntxiv nrog rau nws daim ntawv thov hauv kev kho mob, nws tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm chemistry thiab biochemistry. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias Shaanxi Chuxuan Technology tsuas yog siv rau kev kuaj reagents.
Levodopa
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Levodopa Synthesis
Cov kauj ruam ntawm hluavtaws Levodopa yog raws li hauv qab no:
1. Phenylalanine generates phenylalanine thawj amine nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm txo tus neeg sawv cev:
Sib tov phenylalanine nrog tus nqi tsim nyog ntawm tus neeg sawv cev txo qis thiab hnov mob hauv chav sov li 1-2 teev kom txog thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav. Ntxiv cov dej uas tsim nyog, kho tus nqi pH kom nruab nrab nrog sodium hydroxide, lim kom tshem tawm cov impurities insoluble, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxuav nrog dej kom txog thaum nruab nrab kom tau txais phenylalanine thawj amine.
C6H5CH2CH (NH2)COH plus [H] → C6H5CH2CH(NH2)COH plus [H2O]
2. Phenylalanine thawj amine reacts nrog acetyl chloride los tsim phenylalanine acetylate:
Sib tov phenylalanine thawj amine nrog tus nqi tsim nyog ntawm acetyl chloride thiab hnov mob hauv chav sov li 1-2 teev kom txog thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav. Ntxiv cov dej uas tsim nyog, kho tus nqi pH kom nruab nrab nrog sodium hydroxide, lim kom tshem tawm cov impurities insoluble, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxuav nrog dej kom txog thaum nruab nrab kom tau txais acetylated phenylalanine.
C6H5CH2CH(NH2)COH plus ClCOCH3 → C6H5CH2CH(NH2)COH3 plus HCl
3. Phenylalanine acetylate reacts nrog hydriodic acid los tsim phenylalanine iodine:
Sib tov phenylalanine acetylate nrog rau qhov tsim nyog ntawm hydriodic acid thiab dej, thiab hnov mob hauv chav sov li 1-2 teev kom txog thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav. Ntxiv cov dej uas tsim nyog, kho tus nqi pH kom nruab nrab nrog sodium hydroxide, lim kom tshem tawm cov impurities insoluble, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxuav nrog dej kom txog thaum nruab nrab kom tau txais phenylalanine iodine.
C6H5CH2CH(NH2)COCH3 plus HI → C6H5CH2CH(NH2)COI plus H2O
4. Phenylalanine iodine reacts nrog hydrazine los tsim phenylhydrazine:
Sib tov phenylalanine iodine nrog qhov tsim nyog ntawm hydrazine thiab dej, thiab hnov mob hauv chav sov li 1-2 teev kom txog thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav. Ntxiv cov dej uas tsim nyog, kho tus nqi pH kom nruab nrab nrog hydrochloric acid, lim kom tshem tawm cov impurities insoluble, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxuav nrog dej kom txog thaum nruab nrab kom tau txais phenylhydrazine.
C6H5CH2CH(NH2)COI plus H2NNH2·H2O → C6H5CH=NH plus NH4I plus CO2
5. Phenylhydrazine reacts nrog hydrazine hydrate thiab hydrochloric acid los tsim hydrazinobenzylketone:
Sib tov phenylhydrazine nrog rau qhov tsim nyog ntawm hydrazine hydrate, hydrochloric acid thiab dej, thiab hnov qab hauv chav sov li 1-2 teev kom txog thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav. Ntxiv cov dej uas tsim nyog, kho tus nqi pH rau nruab nrab nrog sodium hydroxide, lim kom tshem tawm cov impurities insoluble, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxuav nrog dej kom txog thaum nruab nrab kom tau hydrazinobenzylketone.
C6H5CH=NH plus NH4I plus HCl plus H2NNH2·H2O → C6H5CH=N(Ag)NH·HNO3 plus AgCl
6. Hydrazinobenzylketone generates disodium dihydrogen benzofuran nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm metallic sodium:
Sib tov hydrazinobenzyl ketone nrog hlau sodium, ethanol, thiab lwm yam, thiab hnov mob hauv chav sov li 1-2 teev kom txog thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav. Ntxiv cov dej uas tsim nyog, kho tus nqi pH kom nruab nrab nrog sodium hydroxide, lim kom tshem tawm cov impurities insoluble, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxuav nrog dej kom txog thaum nruab nrab kom tau txais disodium dihydrogen benzofuran.
C6H5CH=N(Ag)NH·HNO3 plus NaBH4 → C6H5C(O)C(O)NH2·NaBH4 plus AgNO3 plus NH3
7. Disodium dihydrogen benzofuran generates dopaquinone nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm oxidant:
Sib tov disodium dihydrogen benzofuran nrog oxidant, sodium hydroxide thiab dej, thiab hnov mob hauv chav sov li 1-2 teev kom txog thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav. Ntxiv cov dej uas tsim nyog, kho tus nqi pH kom nruab nrab nrog hydrochloric acid, lim kom tshem tawm cov impurities insoluble, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxuav nrog dej kom txog thaum nruab nrab kom tau txais dopaquinone.
C6H5C(O)C(O)NH2 · NaBH4 plus Br2 → C6H5C(O)C(O)NH2 · NaB(OH)4 plus NH3
8. Dopaquinone generates Levodopa nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm txo tus neeg sawv cev:
Sib tov dopaquinone, txo tus neeg sawv cev thiab dej, thiab hnov mob hauv chav sov li 1-2 teev kom txog thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav. Ntxiv cov dej uas tsim nyog, kho tus nqi pH kom nruab nrab nrog sodium hydroxide, lim kom tshem tawm cov impurities insoluble, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxuav nrog dej kom txog thaum nruab nrab kom tau Levodopa.
C6H5C(O)C(O)NH2 plus NaBH4 → Levodopa plus NaB(OH)4 plus NH3
Levodopa Qauv
Levodopa, tseem hu ua levodopa (L-DOPA), yog cov tshuaj siv dav siv los kho tus kab mob Parkinson. Cov mis mos molecular ntawm Levodopa yog C9H11NO4, thiab nws cov tshuaj npe yog 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-L-alanine. Nws yog ib qho amino acid derivative uas muaj lub nplhaib benzene thiab ib qho amino acid moiety.
Nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm Levodopa, lub nplhaib benzene muaj ib pawg ortho-hloov hydroxyl pawg thiab ib pawg meta-substituted hydroxyl, uas ua rau Levodopa muaj ob pawg hydroxyl. Ntawm qhov thib peb txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub nplhaib benzene yog ib qho amino acid sab saw. Cov saw hlau sab no muaj cov pa roj carbon atom thiab nws txuas nrog hydrogen atom.
Qhov kev teeb tsa peb-dimensional ntawm Levodopa yog sab laug (L-), yog li nws hu ua "levodopa". Nws yog dawb crystalline khoom uas yog soluble hauv dej. Levodopa yog polar thiab yog li ntawd yuav muaj qee qhov cuam tshuam rau kev nqus tshuaj thiab cov metabolism.
Levodopa yog ib qho tshuaj uas tau hloov mus rau hauv dopamine hauv lub hlwb tom qab muab tshuaj rau hauv lub cev. Dopamine yog ib qho tseem ceeb neurotransmitter uas tsis txaus rau cov neeg uas muaj tus kab mob Parkinson. Tom qab Levodopa nkag mus rau hauv lub hlwb, nws hloov mus rau hauv dopamine los ntawm kev ua ntawm dopa decarboxylase, yog li nce dopamine ntau ntau thiab txo cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob Parkinson.
Feem ntau, Levodopa yog cov tshuaj uas muaj cov qauv molecular, nws cov tshuaj npe yog 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-L-alanine. Nws yog ib qho tshuaj uas kho tus kab mob Parkinson los ntawm kev hloov nws mus rau dopamine hauv lub cev.