Nicotinamide hmoovyog ib qho dawb crystalline, tsis muaj xim tsis muaj koob zoo li siv lead ua los yog hmoov dawb. Tsis muaj ntxhiab los yog yuav luag tsis muaj ntxhiab, nrog rau lub iab saj; Molecular formula C6H6N2O CAS 98{18}}92-0. Me ntsis hygroscopic, yooj yim soluble nyob rau hauv dej los yog ethanol, soluble nyob rau hauv glycerol, 1g ntawm cov khoom no yog soluble nyob rau hauv 1ml dej, 1.5ml ntawm cawv, thiab 10ml ntawm glycerol, insoluble nyob rau hauv ether. Hauv cov tshuaj aqueous, qhov solubility ntawm nicotinamide yog qhov kub thiab txias, thiab thaum kub nce, qhov solubility nce. Hauv 1% aqueous tov, tus nqi pH yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 6.5 thiab 7.5, qhia txog lub xeev acidic me ntsis. Nicotinamide ruaj khov rau cua sov, kua qaub, thiab alkali. Hauv alkaline xov xwm, nicotinamide tau yooj yim oxidized. Nws yog ib hom vitamin B tsev neeg, tseem hu ua vitamin B3. Nws yog ib qho dej-soluble vitamin uas tseem ceeb heev rau tib neeg noj qab haus huv. Nicotinamide koom nrog ntau yam txheej txheem metabolic nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev, xws li lub zog metabolism, paj hlwb conduction, hemoglobin synthesis, thiab lwm yam. Yog li ntawd, nws plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm lub cev muaj zog hauv tib neeg lub cev. Shanxi BLOOM Tech Co., Ltd muaj nicotinamide muag. Yog tias koj xav yuav niacinamide hmoov thiab tseem xav paub txog tus nqi niacinamide hmoov, thov xa email rau peb.
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Tshuaj Formula |
C6H6N2O |
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Exact Mass |
122.05 |
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Molecular Luj |
122.13 |
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m/z |
122.05 (100.0%), 123.05 (6.5%) |
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Elemental Analysis |
C, 59.01; H, 4.95; N, 22.94; O, 13.10 |
Kev Kho Mob
Kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij: Nicotinamide yog siv rau kev kho mob los tiv thaiv thiab kho tej yam mob xws li pellagra (ib kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij los ntawm niacin deficiency), stomatitis (o ntawm lub qhov ncauj), thiab glossitis (mob tus nplaig).
Kev them nyiaj yug plawv: Nws tau kawm txog nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj lub plawv mob xws li mob sinus syndrome thiab atrioventricular block, txawm hais tias nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov cheeb tsam no tseem tab tom tshawb nrhiav.
Kev noj zaub mov ntxiv
Raws li cov dej- cov vitamin soluble, nicotinamide yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tswj xyuas cov cellular muaj nuj nqi thiab lub zog tsim khoom. Nws yog feem ntau suav nrog hauv cov tshuaj multivitamin kom paub meej kom txaus.
Daim tawv nqaij Brightening thiab yav tsaus ntuj
Nicotinamide yog cov khoom siv nrov hauv cov khoom siv tawv nqaij vim nws lub peev xwm los txhim kho cov tawv nqaij thiab txo cov tsos mob ntawm hyperpigmentation. Nws pab kom ci ntawm daim tawv nqaij los ntawm inhibiting melanin hloov mus thiab txhawb cov tawv nqaij hloov pauv ntawm tes.
Anti-Cov teebmeem Kev laus
Los ntawm kev ntxiv dag zog rau daim tawv nqaij kev ua haujlwm thiab txhawb kev tsim cov collagen, nicotinamide pab txo qis cov kab zoo, wrinkles, thiab tawv nqaij roughness.
Soothing thiab Calming Properties
Nws kuj tseem paub txog nws cov teebmeem soothing ntawm daim tawv nqaij, ua rau nws muaj cov khoom tsim nyog rau cov neeg uas muaj tawv nqaij rhiab lossis ua rau khaus.
Kev tswj pob txuv
Cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no qhia tias nicotinamide tuaj yeem pab tswj xyuas sebum ntau lawm thiab txo qhov mob ntawm pob txuv.
Formulations thiab Administration
Qhov ncauj ntxiv: Nicotinamide muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj, tshuaj ntsiav, thiab hmoov cov ntaub ntawv rau qhov ncauj noj.
Cov ntawv thov tshuaj: Hauv tshuaj pleev ib ce, feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm serums, cream, thiab lotions. Nws raug nquahu kom siv cov khoom no ua ib feem ntawm kev tu tawv nqaij niaj hnub, tsis hais thaum sawv ntxov lossis yav tsaus ntuj, nyob ntawm cov lus qhia ntawm cov khoom.
Cov txheej txheem txheej txheem synthesis ntawmnicotinamide hmoovsuav nrog chemical method thiab biological method. Cov txheej txheem tshuaj feem ntau yog muab faib ua ob kauj ruam: thawj kauj ruam yog los tsim cov nicotinic acid nrog 3-methylpyridine, thiab theem thib ob yog los tsim nicotinamide nrog nicotinic acid; - Picoline yog oxidized rau nicotinic acid los ntawm huab cua, uas reacts nrog ammonium hydroxide thiab ces dehydrates kom tau nicotinamide. Nicotinamide yog tau los ntawm ntsev tsim ntawm niacin thiab ammonia thiab lub cev qhuav dej. Txoj kev lom neeg feem ntau yog tsim 3-cyanopyridine los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm 3-methylpyridine nyob rau hauv catalysis ntawm cov kab mob, thiab 3-cyanopyridine yog hydrolyzed kom tau nicotinamide. Hauv daim ntawv no, ib kauj ruam ntawm kev tsim cov nicotinamide los ntawm 3-methylpyridine tau kawm, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau zoo. Lub synthesis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mis ntawm nicotinamide yog raws li nram no:
Kev sim ua haujlwm
Txoj kev I
Muab nicotinic acid, boric acid thiab ammonia dej rau hauv lub lauj kaub cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, ntxiv ammonia nyob rau hauv nplawm, thiab kub kom yaj; Tom qab ntawd distilled thiab rov qab cov ammonia, thiab txav mus rau lub lauj kaub lub cev qhuav dej kom ntxiv concentration tom qab ncav cuag 120 degree; Thaum qhov kub nce mus txog 145 degree, pib ntxiv cov kua ammonia, thiab txuas ntxiv mus dhau ammonia ntawm 185 ~ 190℃rau 20 ~ 30h. Tom qab ntawd nws yog txias rau 130 degree, diluted nrog distilled dej, ntxiv nrog active carbon, thiab decolorized nrog ammonia ntawm 70 ~ 80℃rau 2h; Tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov filtrate tau lim thaum nws kub. Cov lim dej tau txias tawm hauv dej rau 24h, sib cais thiab crystallized, ntxuav nrog ethanol, thiab qhuav kom tau txais cov khoom tiav nrog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm 89%.
Method II
Nyob rau hauv lub siab -siab reactor, 93g ntawm 3-methylpyridine tau ntxiv, thiab ces tsim nyog manganese dioxide thiab urea ntxiv. Oxygen tau qhia nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias. Tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, tshem tawm cov manganese dioxide catalyst los ntawm txias thiab lim, thiab ntxuav nws nrog ethanol. Tom qab ntxuav, cov ethanol yog evaporated, thiab tom qab ntawd cov unreacted 3-methylpyridine raug tshem tawm los ntawm decompression desolventization. Cov khoom seem yog ntxuav nrog ether kom tau cov ntshiabnicotinamide hmoov.
Kev tshawb fawb toxicity ntawm nicotinamide feem ntau tsom rau nws cov kev mob tshwm sim thiab ua rau muaj kev phom sij. Cov hauv qab no yog cov lus piav qhia ntxaws txog kev lom ntawm nicotinamide:
1. Ua ntej, nicotinamide tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj xws li tawv nqaij tawm, khaus, thiab pob khaus hauv qee lub sijhawm. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yuav txawv vim qhov sib txawv ntawm tus kheej, tab sis feem ntau lawv maj mam ploj tom qab txiav kev siv nicotinamide. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej siv nicotinamide, nws raug nquahu kom ua ib qho kev sim ntawm daim tawv nqaij los yog sab laj nrog kws kho mob rau cov lus qhia.
2. Qhov thib ob, kev noj ntau dhau ntawm niacinamide tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau tib neeg lub cev. Txawm hais tias niacinamide yog dej- cov vitamin soluble, kev noj ntau kuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj tshuaj lom. Cov tsos mob ntawm kev lom yuav muaj xws li xeev siab, ntuav, raws plab, kiv taub hau, arrhythmia, thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev noj ntau dhau ntawm niacinamide kuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem ntawm daim tawv nqaij xws li vitiligo thiab pigmentation. Yog li ntawd, thaum siv niacinamide, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas kom tsim nyog ntxiv thiab tsis txhob noj ntau dhau.
3. Tsis tas li ntawd, nicotinamide kuj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog lwm yam tshuaj. Piv txwv li, niacinamide tuaj yeem txhim kho cov nyhuv anticoagulants, ua rau lub sijhawm los ntshav ntev. Yog li ntawd, thaum siv cov tshuaj anticoagulants ua ntej los yog tib lub sij hawm raws li nicotinamide, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los sab laj tus kws kho mob rau cov lus qhia. Tsis tas li ntawd, niacinamide tseem tuaj yeem txhim kho cov metabolism thiab tshem tawm ntawm cawv, yog li nws yuav tsum txwv tsis pub haus cawv thaum siv niacinamide kom tsis txhob ua rau haus cawv.
Zuag qhia tag nrho, cov teebmeem tshuaj lom ntawm nicotinamide feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog nws cov kev mob tshwm sim thiab kev noj ntau dhau. Thaum siv niacinamide, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ntxiv nws hauv qhov nruab nrab, tsis txhob noj ntau dhau, thiab xyuam xim rau kev cuam tshuam nrog lwm cov tshuaj nrog rau kev siv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub thiab lactating. Yog tias koj muaj lus tsis txaus siab, thov mus ntsib kws kho mob lossis kws kho mob noj zaub mov kom muaj lus qhia.
Nicotinamide, tseem hu ua 3-pyridinecarboxamide, yog cov hmoov dawb crystalline uas yooj yim soluble hauv dej lossis ethanol. Raws li ib qho tseem ceeb derivative ntawm vitamin B3, nws plays lub luag hauj lwm irreplaceable raws li ib tug tseem ceeb reagent nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb, kev lag luam, thiab biotechnology. Nws qhov tseem ceeb daim ntawv thov tus nqi yog nyob rau hauv nws lub luag hauj lwm raws li ib feem ntawm coenzyme I (NAD ⁺) thiab coenzyme II (NADP ⁺), koom tes nyob rau hauv cellular redox cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, lub zog metabolism, thiab teeb liab txheej txheem.
Core reagents nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb thwmsim
Hauv kev tshawb fawb txog kev ua neej nyob, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb reagent rau kab lis kev cai ntawm tes, enzyme kev tsom xam, thiab kev sim molecular biology. Raws li kev noj zaub mov zoo ntxiv rau cov nqaij nruab deg kab lis kev cai, nws tuaj yeem tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm metabolic ntawm cov hlwb. Piv txwv li, hauv kab lis kev cai ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg, los ntawm kev koom nrog hauv NAD ⁺ synthesis, nws txhawb nqa cellular zog metabolism, txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm tes thiab kev sib txawv. Kev sim cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau hais tias ntxiv 1-10 mM nicotinamide rau qia cell kab lis kev cai nruab nrab tuaj yeem txhim kho kev txij nkawm ntawm qia cell pluripotency thaum inhibiting spontaneous sib txawv.
Hauv kev tshawb fawb enzymatic, nws koom nrog kev txiav txim siab ntawm dehydrogenase kev ua haujlwm ua coenzyme. Piv txwv li, hauv lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) kev ua kom pom, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD ⁺) ua raws li hydrogen receptor kom muaj nuj nqis enzyme kev ua los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv xim lossis fluorescence teeb liab hloov. Tsis tas li ntawd, nicotinamide derivatives xws li - nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) tau siv dav hauv kev tshawb fawb txog kev laus los ua kom NAD ⁺ - nyob ntawm sirtuins tsev neeg cov proteins thiab tshawb xyuas cov txheej txheem kev laus.
Multi functional additives nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm biotechnology
Hauv biopharmaceuticals thiab genetic engineering, raws li stabilizers thiab functional additives, nws tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom siv roj ntsha zoo. Piv txwv li, hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, nicotinamide txhim kho cov thermal stability ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los ntawm stabilizing tus qauv ntawm cov kab mob. Cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau hais tias ntxiv 0.5% nicotinamide rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv lub neej ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mus rau 24 lub hlis ntawm 4℃yam tsis muaj qhov txo qis hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Hauv kev kho cov thev naus laus zis, ua tus pab cuam reagent ntawm CRISPR-Cas9 system, nws txhim kho cov noob kho kom zoo los ntawm kev tswj hwm cellular NAD ⁺ qib. Kev tshawb fawb pom tau hais tias ib txhij xa ntawm Cas9 protein thiab nicotinamide nyob rau hauv tib neeg embryonic qia hlwb tuaj yeem nce HDR (homologous directed kho) kev ua tau zoo los ntawm 30% thaum txo cov teebmeem ntawm lub hom phiaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li tus khub molecular hauv cov txheej txheem qhia cov protein, nws txhawb qhov tseeb folding ntawm recombinant proteins thiab ua rau kom cov qib soluble qhia.
Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim khoom
Hauv kev lag luam chemical engineering thiab cov ntaub ntawv, nws yog dav siv los ua ib qho nruab nrab lossis kev ua haujlwm ntxiv hauv electroplating, lub teeb stabilizers, thiab cov khoom siv polymer synthesis. Nyob rau hauv kev lag luam electroplating, raws li ib tug brightener rau npib tsib xee plating tov, nws ua ib tug complex nrog npib tsib xee ions kom lub txheej uniform thiab ntom. Cov kev sim tau pom tias ntxiv 2 g / L nicotinamide rau Watt hom npib tsib xee plating tov tuaj yeem ua rau lub ntsej muag ci ntawm 40% thiab txo qhov porosity.
Hauv kev ua cov yas, ua ib qho ultraviolet absorber, nws tuaj yeem txhim kho kev tiv thaiv - kev laus ntawm polyethylene (PE) films. Hauv kev ntsuas kev laus ntawm UV nrawm, PE zaj duab xis nrog 0.3% nicotinamide ntxiv tau pom tias muaj 65% nce ntawm qhov khaws cia ntawm elongation thaum tawg piv rau cov pab pawg tsis kho, thiab lub neej kev pabcuam tau txuas ntxiv mus rau ntau dua 3 xyoos. Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li tus neeg sawv cev tiv thaiv coking hauv kev lag luam roj hmab, nws txhim kho cov dej ntws ntawm cov roj hmab ua los ntawm inhibiting crosslinking ntau dhau rau theem pib ntawm vulcanization cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
FAQ
nicotinamide siv rau dab tsi?
Nicotinamide tuaj yeem siv taukho mob ntshav qab zib thiab qee yam mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab tab tom kawm txog kev kho qee yam mob qog noj ntshav. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntshav ntws mus rau cov qog nqaij hlav cancer thiab thaiv qee cov enzymes uas lawv xav tau los kho qhov kev puas tsuaj rau lawv cov DNA.
Puas yog nicotinamide yog steroid?
Yog li Nicotinamide tuaj yeem siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev steroid sparing. Lub enzyme PARP-1, uas yog inhibited los ntawm nicotinamide, koom nrog cell senescence, laus, thiab mob cancer. Kev ua kom ntau dhau ntawm PARP-1 los ntawm UV rays ua rau txo qis ntawm cellular NAD, uas ua rau glycolytic tsis ua hauj lwm ua rau cell necrosis.
Puas yog nicotinamide zoo rau koj lub ntsej muag?
Nws tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm daim tawv nqaij los ntawm kev txo cov dej los ntawm cov epidermis (cov tawv nqaij txheej txheej) yog li ua kom cov tawv nqaij hydration.Nws tau tshaj tawm los txhim kho complexion, los ntawm kev txhim kho cov pigmentation, blotchiness thiab redness ntawm daim tawv nqaij laus; nws yog siv nyob rau hauv ib co cosmeceutical khoom.
nicotinamide puas tuaj yeem ua rau tawv nqaij?
Niacinamide yog tus kws kho mob dermatologist- pom zoo rau kev ua kom tawv nqaij tawv. Qee qhov kev tshawb fawb qhia txog cov qauv kev tu tawv nqaij nrog 5% niacinamide tuaj yeem pab ua kom pom qhov tsaus ntuj. Hauv ib qho kev tshawb fawb me me, kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tawv nqaij brighteners nrog rau retinol thiab niacinamide txo cov pob qij txha thiab cov kab zoo.
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