Nonivamide hmoov, cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm nonenamide, nrog rau cov tshuaj npe trans-8-methyl-N-chairin-6-nonenamide, tshuaj formula C18H27NO3, CAS 2444-46-4, yog dawb crystalline hmoov uas yog insoluble nyob rau hauv dej tab sis yooj yim soluble nyob rau hauv ethyl acetate, etc. kua txob, uas yog khaus rau cov tsiaj nrog rau tib neeg thiab tuaj yeem ua rau kub hnyiab hauv qhov ncauj. Nws tuaj yeem muab ntxiv los ua cov khoom noj ntxiv rau cov zaub mov, thiab ua zaub mov seasoning, kua txob yuav tsum tau ua kom maj mam ua kom cov kua ntses, thiab lwm yam. Tab sis thaum noj cov khoom no, lawv cov capsaicin tau dhau los ua cov txheej txheem leaching, thiab bioavailability ntawm capsaicin tsis siab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, alkali tseem raug tso tawm hauv cov hnyuv, txhawb lub plab hnyuv phab ntsa, uas tuaj yeem ua rau mob plab, txawm tias mob qhov quav, thiab ua rau hemorrhoids. Yog li ntawd, kev rho tawm thiab cais cov capsaicin los ntawm cov kua txob kua txob ua ib qho ntxiv hauv kev ua zaub mov yog qhov zoo rau kev tswj spiciness thiab tag nrho absorbing thiab siv capsaicin.
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Tshuaj Formula |
C17H27NO3 |
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Exact Mass |
293 |
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Molecular Luj |
293 |
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m/z |
293 (100.0%), 294 (18.4%), 295 (1.6%) |
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Elemental Analysis |
C, 69.59; H, 9.28; N, 4.77; O, 16.36 |
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Synthetic capsaicin: vanillin hydrochloride (3-methoxy-}4-hydroxybenzylamine hydrochloride) yog siv los ua raw khoom, thiab hydrochloric acid raug tshem tawm los ntawm sodium hydroxide kom tau vanillin (3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzylamine). Tom qab ziab tag, nws reacts nrog n-nonyl chloride nyob rau hauv dichloromethane tov raws li hnyav nyob rau hauv nruab nrab tej yam kev mob, thiab cov khoom crude yog lim thiab kho nrog acid thiab alkali kom tau cov khoom. Cov qauv ntawm cov khoom tau lees paub los ntawm cov roj chromatography, IR thiab NMR. Txoj kev npaj ntawm cov txheej txheem no muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov mob me me, yooj yim tom qab kev kho mob thiab cov khoom lag luam siab, thiab tuaj yeem ua haujlwm.
Nonivamide hmoov, raws li lub ntsiab active ingredient nyob rau hauv chili peppers, tau qhia dav daim ntawv thov nqi nyob rau hauv ntau yam teb xws li zaub mov, tshuaj, tshuaj pleev ib ce, kev ua liaj ua teb, thiab lwm yam vim nws tshwj xeeb ntsim saj thiab ntau yam kev ua ub no lom.
Kev siv ncaj qha tshaj plaws ntawm capsaicin yog raws li lub caij nyoog, ntxiv cov ntsim tsw rau zaub mov. Hauv kev ua noj, capsaicin yog siv dav hauv ntau yam tais diav xws li Sichuan cuisine, Hunan cuisine, thiab lwm yam, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho saj thiab tsw ntawm zaub mov thiab ua kom qab los noj mov. Tsis tas li ntawd, capsaicin kuj tseem siv tau los ua seasonings xws li chili sauce thiab chili oil, ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom sib txawv. Capsaicin kuj tseem siv tau los ua zaub mov ntxiv los txhim kho xim, tsw, thiab txee lub neej ntawm cov zaub mov. Piv txwv li, kua txob pigment, raws li ib feem ntawm capsaicin, yog carotenoid muaj nyob rau hauv kua txob. Nws muaj cov xim liab liab thiab tuaj yeem siv rau xim ntau yam khoom noj xws li ice cream, pastries, ice cream, popsicles, biscuits, siav cov khoom noj, cov nqaij npua, cov kua ntses, khoom qab zib, thiab lwm yam.
Tsis tas li ntawd, capsaicin kuj muaj qee yam tshuaj tua kab mob, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub neej txee ntawm cov zaub mov thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov zaub mov lwj. Nrog tib neeg nrhiav kev noj qab haus huv noj qab haus huv, capsaicin kuj tau tsim los ua cov khoom noj uas muaj txiaj ntsig. Kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias capsaicin muaj ntau yam txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv xws li txhawb cov metabolism, poob phaus, txo cov ntshav siab, thiab txo cov ntshav lipids. Yog li ntawd, cov khoom noj uas muaj capsaicin, xws li qhov hnyav - poob tshuaj yej thiab ntshav siab txo cov dej qab zib, yog maj mam tau txais kev nyiam ntawm cov neeg siv khoom.
Kev kho mob teb
Capsaicin muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob tseem ceeb thiab tiv thaiv - cov teebmeem inflammatory. Nws tuaj yeem txo qhov mob los ntawm kev txhawb cov paj hlwb thiab tso cov tshuaj xws li endorphins. Hauv cov tshuaj, capsaicin yog dav siv los kho ntau yam mob xws li mob caj dab, mob leeg, mob nraub qaum, thiab mob neuropathic. Tsis tas li ntawd, capsaicin kuj tseem siv tau los ua cov tshuaj pleev capsaicin, uas yog siv los kho mob xws li mob leeg thiab pob qij txha. Capsaicin muaj cov nyhuv dilating cov hlab ntsha, txhawb cov ntshav ncig, thiab ua kom cov ntshav khiav nrawm. Qhov no pab ua kom cov pa oxygen thiab tshem tawm cov khoom metabolic hauv lub cev, uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov hlab plawv. Yog li ntawd, capsaicin yog siv los ua qee yam tshuaj lossis tshuaj kho mob uas txhim kho cov ntshav ncig los tiv thaiv thiab kho cov kab mob plawv.
Capsaicin muaj qee yam antioxidant thiab tiv thaiv - ua haujlwm inflammatory. Nws tuaj yeem pab txo cov kev mob tshwm sim, txo cov dawb radical puas hauv lub cev, thiab tiv thaiv cov hlwb los ntawm kev puas tsuaj thiab kev laus. Hauv cov tshuaj, capsaicin yog siv los kawm thiab kho qee cov kab mob ntsig txog oxidative kev nyuaj siab thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, xws li mob qog noj ntshav, ntshav qab zib, kab mob neurodegenerative, thiab lwm yam. Kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias capsaicin tuaj yeem txo cov roj cholesterol, triglycerides, thiab qis - qib lipoprotein ceev, yog li txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob plawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, capsaicin tuaj yeem nthuav cov hlab ntsha, txo cov ntshav siab, thiab tiv thaiv cov kab mob plawv xws li ntshav siab. Yog li, capsaicin yog siv los ua qee cov tshuaj lossis cov khoom noj qab haus huv uas txo cov ntshav siab thiab ntshav lipids. Capsaicin kuj muaj ntau yam tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig xws li tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab kev txhawb nqa plab zom mov. Nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob, fungi thiab lwm yam kab mob, thiab tiv thaiv thiab kho qee yam kab mob. Lub caij no, capsaicin kuj tseem tuaj yeem txhawb nqa plab hnyuv peristalsis, nce gastric acid secretion thiab digestive enzyme ua haujlwm, uas pab zom zaub mov thiab tiv thaiv kev zom zaub mov thiab lwm yam kab mob.
Tshuaj pleev ib ce teb
Capsaicin muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv cov khoom siv tawv nqaij. Ua ntej, nws tuaj yeem txhawb cov ntshav ncig hauv daim tawv nqaij, ua kom cov tawv nqaij kub, ua kom cov hws qog ua kua, thiab ua rau daim tawv nqaij ntau dua thiab elastic. Qhov thib ob, capsaicin muaj qee yam antioxidant nyhuv, uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv daim tawv nqaij los ntawm kev puas tsuaj dawb radical thiab ncua kev laus ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Tsis tas li ntawd, capsaicin kuj tseem siv tau los ua cov tshuaj yuag poob thiab lwm yam khoom hnyav, ua kom poob phaus los ntawm kev txhawb nqa cov roj metabolism thiab noj.
Capsaicin kuj tseem siv rau hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce los tsim cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb. Piv txwv li, qee cov lipsticks lossis di ncauj glazes muaj capsaicin, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntshav ncig hauv daim di ncauj thiab ua rau lawv zoo nkauj thiab ci. Txawm li cas los xij, vim muaj cov khoom ua kom khaus khaus ntawm capsaicin, nws siv hauv tshuaj pleev ib ce yuav tsum tau ceev faj txog kev noj tshuaj.
Capsaicin kuj tuaj yeem siv los ua qee yam khoom siv tu tus kheej, xws li tshuaj zawv plaub hau, gel da dej, thiab lwm yam. Nws tuaj yeem txhawb cov ntshav ncig hauv tawv taub hau thiab tawv nqaij, txhim kho cov teeb meem xws li dandruff thiab tawv nqaij qhuav. Lub caij no, capsaicin kuj muaj qee yam tshuaj tua kab mob, uas tuaj yeem ntxuav cov kab mob thiab cov av ntawm tawv taub hau thiab tawv nqaij.
Capsaicin yog siv los ua cov khoom siv los tiv thaiv kev kub ntxhov, xws li tshuaj tsuag kua txob, vim nws muaj zog heev. Thaum cov tshuaj tsuag tsoo lub cev ntawm cov neeg tawm tsam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub qhov muag thiab cov mucous daim nyias nyias, cov neeg tawm tsam yuav hnov mob heev, thiaj li cuam tshuam cov neeg coob coob. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias kev siv tshuaj tsuag capsaicin yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov cai, cov cai thiab kev coj ncaj ncees.
Hauv kev tshawb fawb txog kev tshawb fawb, capsaicin kuj tau siv dav los kawm txog cov txheej txheem physiological thiab pathological xws li mob kis, inflammatory teb, thiab oxidative kev nyuaj siab. Los ntawm kev kawm txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua thiab kev taw qhia txoj hauv kev ntawm capsaicin, cov kws tshawb fawb tuaj yeem nkag siab tob txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov txheej txheem physiological thiab pathological, thiab muab lub hauv paus theoretical rau kev txhim kho cov tshuaj tshiab thiab kev kho mob.
Kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig
Nrog rau kev paub txog kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, kev thov ntawm capsaicin hauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig tau maj mam nyiam. Piv txwv li, capsaicin tuaj yeem siv los ua cov ntaub ntawv yas biodegradable los txo cov pa phem ib puag ncig los ntawm cov khoom siv yas. Tsis tas li ntawd, capsaicin kuj tuaj yeem siv los kho cov khoom tsis zoo hauv cov dej khib nyiab thiab cov dej phwj hauv tsev, ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ua kom huv dej zoo.
Hauv kev ua liaj ua teb
Nonivamide hmoovmuaj qee yam tshuaj tua kab thiab kab mob bactericidal, yog li nws tuaj yeem siv los ua tshuaj tua kab. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau hauv cov yas pellets thiab txheej txheej los tiv thaiv cov kab thiab nas, siv los tiv thaiv cov qoob loo los ntawm kab tsuag thiab nas. Tsis tas li ntawd, capsaicin kuj tseem siv tau los ua cov xim biofouling los tiv thaiv cov kab mob hauv hiav txwv los ntawm kev ua raws li cov nkoj thiab cov khoom siv.
Kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias capsaicin muaj qee yam kev tswj hwm ntawm cov nroj tsuag loj hlob. Nws tuaj yeem txhawb nqa photosynthesis thiab ua pa hauv cov nroj tsuag, txhim kho lawv txoj kev ntxhov siab thiab tawm los. Yog li ntawd, capsaicin yog siv los tshawb fawb thiab tsim qee cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag los txhim kho txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov qoob loo thiab nce yields.
Capsaicin kuj tseem siv tau los hloov kho av. Nws tuaj yeem txhim kho cov qauv hauv av, nce av fertility, thiab txhim kho cov av muaj peev xwm khaws cov dej thiab cov as-ham. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau kev txhawb cov qoob loo loj hlob thiab txhim kho cov khoom ua liaj ua teb zoo.
Mechanism ntawm kev ua ntawm capsaicin
1. Capsaicin receptor thiab nws lub luag haujlwm:
Capsaicin khi nrog VR1 thiab ua kom lub membrane ion channel ncaj qha ua ke nrog cov receptor, uas yog ib qho kev sib txuas ntawm cov cation tsis tshwj xeeb. Tom qab lub channel qhib, calcium ions (tseem sodium ions) nkag mus rau hauv lub cell, poov tshuaj ions tawm ntawm lub cell, thiab qee cov chloride ions nkag mus rau hauv lub cell kom sib npaug ntawm cov nqi raws li. Lub VR1 txuas channel sib txawv ntawm qhov voltage gated channel. Nws tsis tuaj yeem thaiv los ntawm sodium, potassium thiab calcium raws. Tab sis nws tuaj yeem thaiv los ntawm ruthenium liab. Cov pos hniav lipotoxin, capsaicin homologue cais los ntawm cov mis nyuj ntawm Euphorbia tsob ntoo cov pos hniav, tuaj yeem qhib VR1 thiab muaj zog dua. Capsaicin yog ib qho kev sib tw antagonist ntawm VR1, tab sis nws tus kheej tsis ua rau mob lossis mob, qhia tias nws tsis muaj ligand khi rau qhov mob.
Cov lus teb ntawm thawj qhov kev hnov mob neurons ntawm VR1 tsis zoo nas kab lis kev cai hauv vitro rau ntau yam teeb meem stimuli tau qaug zog heev. Yog li ntawd, qee tus neeg ntseeg tias VR1 ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev sib kis ntawm ntau qhov kev xav tsis zoo, thiab txawm tias VR1 yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev nkag siab qhov mob.
2. Neuropeptide tso tawm:
Nonivamide hmoovactivates VR1, calcium dissociation channels raug qhib, calcium ions ntws mus rau hauv, thiab cov concentration ntawm calcium ions nyob rau hauv cytoplasm nce, ua rau cov neurons thiab lawv fibers tso tawm neuropeptides, xws li tshuaj P, neurokinin A, calcitonin noob-txog peptide, vasoactive plab hnyuv peptides xws li amino acids, thiab exfoliate. Cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb ntawm capsaicin induced tso cov tshuaj P los ntawm paj hlwb tsis meej kiag li. Nyob rau hauv kev sim ntawm kab lis kev cai nas dorsal cag ganglion hlwb hauv vitro, nws tau pom tias capsaicin induced tso cov tshuaj P yuav yog los ntawm ob lub tswv yim: ib qho yog nyob ntawm extracellular calcium ions thiab synaptosomal coupling protein 25kpa (SNAP-25); Ntawm qhov tod tes, capsaicin tuaj yeem ua tiav cov hlwb ganglion kom tso cov tshuaj P yam tsis muaj SNAP-25 thaum tsis muaj cov calcium ions extracellular.
Vim li cas Nonivamide ob leeg ua rau mob thiab txo qhov mob?
Nonivamide nthuav tawm ob qho tib si nociceptive thiab analgesic teebmeem, feem ntau vim nws ob lub cev ua haujlwm raws li TRPV1 receptor agonist. Cov mechanisms tshwj xeeb yog raws li nram no:
Nociceptive Mechanism
TRPV1 Receptor Activation
Nonivamide is a potent agonist of TRPV1 (Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Subtype 1). TRPV1 receptors are widely distributed in sensory nerve endings (e.g., skin, mucosa, joints) and are sensitive to heat (>43 degree), mechanical stimuli, thiab tshuaj (xws li, capsaicin, acidic ib puag ncig). Thaum Nonivamide khi rau TRPV1, nws ua rau calcium influx, ua rau neuronal depolarization thiab tsim muaj peev xwm ua.
Burning Sensation thiab Pain Transmission
Activated TRPV1 neurons xa cov teeb liab mus rau tus txha caj qaum thiab lub hlwb, ua rau kub hnyiab lossis qaug zog. Ntawm qhov tsis tshua muaj siab, cov nyhuv no tshwm sim raws li qhov chaw kub hnyiab (xws li, tawv nqaij sib cuag nrog cov kua txob), thaum muaj ntau dua tuaj yeem ua rau mob (piv txwv li, Nonivamide hauv kua txob tshuaj tsuag).
Exacerbation ntawm Inflammation thiab Allergic Reactions
Nonivamide cov khoom ua rau khaus kuj tuaj yeem ua rau cov lus teb rau hauv zos (xws li, liab, o, khaus), ntxiv qhov mob ntxiv. Piv txwv li, daim tawv nqaij raug Nonivamide tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav vim vasodilation thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev.
Analgesic Mechanism
Luv-Lub Sij Hawm Ua Si vs. Ntev-Lub Sij Hawm Desensitization
Luv -Tsev Cov Teeb Meem: Qhov tshwm sim thawj zaug Nonivamide ua rau TRPV1 receptors, ua rau mob thiab kub hnyiab.
Ntev - Cov Teeb Meem Lub Sij Hawm: Rov ua dua lossis txhawb nqa txuas ntxiv ua rau TRPV1 receptor desensitization - ib ntus poob ntawm receptor muaj nuj nqi. Cov txheej txheem no suav nrog calcium-nyob ntawm cov protein kinase ua kom ua haujlwm, ua rau receptor phosphorylation thiab endocytosis, yog li txo cov neuronal teb rau stimuli.
Tshuaj P Depletion thiab Neuropeptide Release Inhibition
Kev ua kom TRPV1 txhawb kev tso tawm cov tshuaj P thiab calcitonin noob-txog peptide (CGRP) los ntawm cov paj hlwb xaus. Cov neuropeptides no koom nrog qhov mob signaling thiab neurogenic o.
Ntev raug rau Nonivamide depletes cov tshuaj P reserves, txo cov neuropeptide tso tawm thiab yog li thaiv kev sib kis ntawm cov teeb meem mob thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm inflammatory teb.
Kev siv tshuaj kho mob: Tshuaj pleev qhov ncauj thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv - Inflamation
Nonivamide cov teebmeem analgesic tau siv zog los tsim cov khoom siv tshuaj kho mob (xws li, cream, thaj ua rau thaj) rau kev tswj cov mob ntev xws li mob nqaij thiab mob caj dab.
Cov lus nug nquag
Muaj pes tsawg Scoville units yog nonivamide?
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Qhov txo qis hauv TRPV1 binding affinity yog nrog los ntawm kev txo qis hauv pungency; CAP ntshiab yog ntsuas nrog 16,000,000 Scoville Heat Units (SHU), whereas nonivamide yog ntsuas ntawm9,200,000 SHUs.
Dab tsi yog daim ntawv purest ntawm capsaicin?
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PURE Capsaicinyog hydrophobic, tsis muaj xim, tsis muaj ntxhiab, thiab crystalline rau waxy compound. Nws raug nquahu kom koj siv qee hom kev tiv thaiv qhov muag, tiv thaiv lub ntsej muag, hnab looj tes, thiab tweezers thaum tuav. (SHU)=Scoville Heat Units.
Puas yog capsaicin nyuaj rau lub siab?
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Capsaicin tau pom tias yuav txo tau daim siab lipid tsub zuj zuj, txo oxidative kev nyuaj siab, thiab txo qhov mob.. Cov teebmeem no qhia tias capsaicin tuaj yeem yog tus neeg sawv cev kho mob zoo rau kev tswj hwm NAFLD thiab nws txoj kev loj hlob mus rau cov kab mob siab dua.
Cim npe nrov: nonivamide hmoov cas 2444-46-4, lwm tus neeg, manufacturers, hoobkas, lag luam wholesale, yuav, nqe, tej, kev muag khoom