DEUTERIUM OXIDE CAS 7789-20-0

Deuterium oxideyog ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm deuterium thiab oxygen, tseem hu ua d2o. Cov lus txhais lus German yog "hnyav dej", uas yog cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg nrog cov cim tshuaj tshuaj D2O, CAS 7789-20-0, thiab tus txheeb ze molecular hnyav ntawm 20.0275, uas yog kwv yees li 11% siab dua. dej (H2O) (18.0153), yog li nws hu ua dej hnyav. Nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, nws yog ib tug tsis muaj kob thiab pob tshab kua uas muaj optical zog zoo ib yam li cov dej zoo tib yam. Nws muaj hygroscopicity thiab yooj yim miscible nrog dej. Nws yog ib qho chaw ruaj khov uas tsis hnov ​​​​mob nrog lwm cov ntsiab lus lossis cov khoom sib txuas. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho hnyav heev uas tuaj yeem yaj ntau yam tshuaj. Vim muaj qhov sib txawv me me ntawm cov khoom ntawm deuterium thiab hydrogen, cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov dej hnyav thiab cov dej zoo tib yam kuj zoo sib xws. Cov khoom ion tas li ntawm nws yog 1.6 * 10-15. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov dej hnyav hauv dej ntuj yog li 0.02%. Tus nqi electrolysis ntawm cov dej hnyav yog qis dua li cov dej zoo tib yam, yog li nws tuaj yeem muab rho tawm los ntawm electrolysis. Qhov kub ntawm cov dej hnyav yog qhov txawv me ntsis ntawm cov dej zoo tib yam, yog li nws tuaj yeem ua kom huv los ntawm distillation. Nws muaj cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb hauv nuclear physics vim tias nws tuaj yeem nqus cov neutrons thiab dhau los ua tritium, hydrogen isotope siv hauv nuclear reactors. Shaanxi Chupeng Technology muaj deuterium oxide muag, uas tuaj yeem nkag siab tias muaj d2o dej muag. Yog xav paub txog tus nqi deuterium oxide, thov xa email rau peb

1. Deuterium oxided2o feem ntau yog siv los ua "decelerator" hauv nuclear reactors kom txo qis neutron tshaj tawm thiab tswj cov txheej txheem nuclear fission.

Nws kuj yog ib qho coolant. Hnyav dej thiab deuterium yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb hauv kev kawm txog kev hloov tshuaj lom neeg thiab lub cev. Piv txwv li, thaum cov ntoo yog irrigated nrog diluted thiab hnyav dej, nws yuav ntsuas tau hais tias cov dej yuav khiav mus txog kaum mus rau kaum meters ib teev twg nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm deuterium nyob rau hauv cov zis ntawm cov neeg uas tau haus dej ntau dilute thiab hnyav dej tau ntsuas. Nws tau paub tias lub sijhawm nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov dej molecules hauv tib neeg lub cev yog 14 hnub. Deuterium es tsis txhob siv hydrogen zoo tib yam tuaj yeem siv los kawm txog kev zom zaub mov thiab cov metabolism ntawm cov tsiaj thiab nroj tsuag. Cov dej ntshiab los yog cov dej ntshiab huv tsis tuaj yeem tswj hwm lub neej ntawm cov tsiaj thiab cov nroj tsuag, thiab cov dej hnyav hnyav rau cov tsiaj thiab cov nroj tsuag yog 60%.

2. Tus nqi tshwj xeeb ntawm cov dej hnyav yog xav txog hauv kev siv tshuab hluav taws xob atomic. Txhawm rau tsim cov riam phom nuclear muaj zog, cov dej hnyav yuav tsum tau siv los ua tus decelerator hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nuclear fission.

3. Thaum siv NMR tsom xam, yog tias cov kuab tshuaj yog dej thiab cov khoom ntawm kev kawm yog hydrogen, cov dej hnyav tuaj yeem siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj. Neutron Retarder: Qee lub tshuab hluav taws xob nuclear siv cov dej hnyav kom qeeb neutrons, muab sijhawm rau lawv los cuam tshuam nrog uranium. Lub teeb dej kuj tseem siv tau los ua ib qho retarder, tab sis vim hais tias nws yuav nqus neutrons, lub teeb dej reactor yuav tsum siv enriched uranium es tsis txhob ntawm uranium zoo tib yam, los yog nws yuav tsis ncav cuag qhov loj loj. Hnyav dej reactors tsis tsuas yog siv uranium zoo tib yam nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj hloov U-238 mus rau plutonium uas tuaj yeem siv los ua cov foob pob nuclear. Is Nrias teb, Pakistan, Ixayees thiab North Kauslim txhua tus ua cov roj nuclear hauv txoj kev no. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm riam phom nuclear, kev tsim thiab muag cov dej hnyav raug txwv hauv ntau lub tebchaws.

4. Cov dej hnyav muaj qhov tseem ceeb heev hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis. Lub plawv ntawm lub chaw nres tsheb fais fab atomic yog lub atomic reactor. Yuav kom tswj tau qhov kev ua tau zoo ib txwm muaj ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nuclear fission nyob rau hauv lub atomic reactor, cov dej hnyav yog xav tau los ua tus neeg nruab nrab rau cov neutrons. Hnyav hydrogen tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm electrolysis ntawm cov dej hnyav, uas yog cov khoom siv raw rau hydrogen foob pob. Tuam Tshoj tau ua tiav thawj lub foob pob hluav taws xob thaum Lub Rau Hli 17, 1967, uas tau tsa lub siab ntawm cov neeg Suav. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, hnyav hydrogen tuaj yeem tso tawm lub zog loj thaum ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nuclear fusion, Thiab nws yuav tsis ua phem rau ib puag ncig. Qee qhov kev suav kwv yees tias yog tias qhov hnyav hydrogen hauv dej hiav txwv yog siv los ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thermonuclear, nws lub zog tag nrho yog sib npaug rau tag nrho cov dej hiav txwv tau hloov mus ua roj.

Deuterium oxideNws zoo ib yam li cov dej zoo tib yam, tab sis nws qhov ceev yog me ntsis siab dua, 1.1079g / cm3, qhov chaw khov yog me ntsis siab dua, 3.82 degree, thiab kub taw tes yog 101.42 degree. Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog qeeb dua li cov dej zoo tib yam. Ib qho molecule ntawm cov dej hnyav yog tsim los ntawm ob lub zog hydrogen atoms thiab ib qho oxygen atom. Nws cov mis molecular yog D2O, thiab nws qhov hnyav molecular yog 20.

Cov dej hnyav zoo li zoo ib yam li dej zoo tib yam. Nws yog odorless thiab tasteless kua. Lawv cov khoom siv tshuaj yog tib yam, tab sis qee lub cev muaj zog sib txawv. Qhov ceev ntawm cov dej zoo tib yam yog 1g / cm3, thaum cov dej hnyav yog 1.056g / cm3; Qhov kub ntawm cov dej zoo tib yam yog 100 degree, thiab cov dej hnyav yog 101.42 degree; Qhov dej khov ntawm cov dej zoo tib yam yog 0 degree, thiab cov dej hnyav yog 3.8 degree. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov dej zoo tib yam tuaj yeem txhawb txoj sia thiab cog txhua yam, thaum cov dej hnyav tsis tuaj yeem tawg cov noob. Tib neeg thiab tsiaj txhu yuav tuag yog lawv haus dej hnyav. Txawm li cas los xij, tus nqi tshwj xeeb ntawm cov dej hnyav yog xav txog hauv kev siv tshuab hluav taws xob atomic. Txhawm rau tsim cov riam phom nuclear muaj zog, cov dej hnyav yog xav tau los ua tus neeg saib xyuas hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv atomic fission, ua tus tswj xyuas cov neutrons, thiab ua cov khoom siv rau cov khoom hnyav hydrogen. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov dej zoo tib yam yog kwv yees li 0.02% (feem ntau).

Cov dej khov ua los ntawm cov dej hnyav yuav poob rau hauv dej.

Cov dej hnyav feem ntau yog siv los ua tus neeg nruab nrab hauv cov tshuab hluav taws xob nuclear, uas tuaj yeem txo tus nqi ntawm cov neutrons kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov txheej txheem fission. Cov dej hnyav kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev kawm txog tshuaj lom neeg thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm lub cev. Cov dej ntshiab thiab ntshiab huv tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau lub neej ntawm cov tsiaj thiab cov nroj tsuag, thiab nws cov concentration ntawm 60% ~ 80%.

Cov dej hnyav, zoo li dej zoo tib yam, yog cov kua sib xyaw ua ke los ntawm hydrogen thiab oxidation. Txawm li cas los xij, hydrogen atom ntawm hnyav dej molecule txawv ntawm cov dej molecule zoo tib yam. Peb paub tias hydrogen muaj peb isotopes. Ib qho yog protium, uas tsuas muaj ib qho proton xwb. Nws ua ke nrog ib qho oxygen atom los tsim cov dej zoo tib yam. Lwm qhov yog hnyav hydrogen - deuterium. Nws muaj ib tug proton thiab ib tug neutron. Nws ua ke nrog oxygen atom los tsim cov dej hnyav molecules. Lwm qhov yog superheavy hydrogen, tritium. Nws muaj ob neutrons thiab ib tug proton.

Cov dej hnyav zoo ib yam li cov dej zoo tib yam hauv cov tsos, uas tsis muaj xim, tsis muaj ntxhiab thiab tsis qab. Qhov ceev tau yog siab dua li ntawm cov dej dog dig, thiab lub taw tes melting thiab boiling point yog siab dua li ntawm cov dej dog dig. Vim tias qhov hnyav molecular loj thiab qeeb qeeb ntawm cov dej hnyav, muaj dej me me hnyav hauv cov dej khov thiab cov daus saum roob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv Antarctic. Qhov ntom ntawm cov dej (hydrogen oxide) yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws, thiab nws yog cov dej sib sib zog nqus tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Cov dej hnyav yog tsawg dua nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej, thiab nws muaj li ntawm 0.015% hnyav dej hauv cov dej zoo tib yam. Vim nws cov ntsiab lus me me thiab kev npaj nyuaj, nws muaj tus nqi siab (kwv yees li 16 yuan / ml).

Txawm tiasDeuterium oxideyog ib qho khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv kev siv tshuab thev naus laus zis, nws tsim kev puas tsuaj rau tib neeg. Tib neeg haus tsis tau dej hnyav. Microbes thiab ntses yuav tuag nyob rau hauv ob peb teev nyob rau hauv cov dej ntshiab huv los yog dej nrog dej hnyav (ntau tshaj 80%). Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, dej lub teeb nrog cov dej hnyav me me, xws li dej daus, tuaj yeem txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm cov tsiaj.

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