-Lactose monohydrate, tseem hu ua alpha lactose monohydrate los yog alpha lactose monohydrate, yog ib qho tshuaj tseem ceeb nrog kev siv dav hauv cov khoom noj thiab tshuaj lag luam. CAS 5989-81-1, Cov mis mos molecular C12H24O12 feem ntau tshwm li cov hmoov dawb lossis dawb siv lead ua nrog cov qauv siv lead ua tsis tu ncua. Cov siv lead ua morphology yuav txawv vim muaj kev npaj sib txawv thiab cov txheej txheem crystallization. Soluble heev nyob rau hauv dej, tsim ib tug ntshiab thiab tsis muaj xim tov, me ntsis soluble nyob rau hauv cawv solvents xws li ethanol, insoluble nyob rau hauv cov organic solvents xws li chloroform los yog ether. Nws yog qhov sib xyaw ua ke tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm lactose molecules thiab cov molecule ntawm crystalline dej. Lactose nws tus kheej yog ib txwm tshwm sim disaccharide, tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm qabzib thiab galactose los ntawm -1,4-glycosidic bonds, dav nyob rau hauv cov mis nyuj ntawm cov tsiaj. Lactose hydrate feem ntau yog hais txog alpha lactose hydrate, vim tias alpha lactose feem ntau yuav ua ke nrog cov dej molecules los tsim hydrates dua li beta lactose.
|
|
|
|
Tshuaj Formula |
C12H24O12 |
|
Exact Mass |
360 |
|
Molecular Luj |
360 |
|
m/z |
360 (100.0%), 361 (13.0%), 362 (2.5%) |
|
Elemental Analysis |
C, 40.00; H, 6.71; O, 53.28 |
Kev lag luam zaub mov
Qab zib
-Lactose monohydratemuaj qee yam qab zib thiab tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom qab zib ntuj los muab cov khoom qab zib rau cov khoom noj. Nws qhov qab zib yog li 70% ntawm sucrose, thiab nws saj yog me me, haum rau siv ntau yam khoom qab zib xws li candies, chocolates, ncuav qab zib, thiab lwm yam.
Khoom noj khoom haus
Muaj ob monosaccharides, qabzib thiab galactose, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub zog rau tib neeg lub cev. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov khoom xws li cov me nyuam mos cov khoom noj thiab cov khoom noj haus, lawv tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom noj khoom haus tseem ceeb los muab lub cev nrog lub zog tsim nyog thiab cov as-ham.
Cov khoom noj mis nyuj additives
Hauv cov khoom siv mis nyuj, nws tuaj yeem siv los ua ib qho tseem ceeb ntxiv. Nws tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov saj thiab kev ntxhib los mos ntawm cov khoom siv mis nyuj, thiab txhim kho cov khoom ruaj khov. Piv txwv li, ntxiv nws thaum lub sij hawm yogurt zus tau tej cov acidification cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, txhim kho fermentation efficiency, thiab alleviate teeb meem xws li lactose crystallization thiab whey nag lossis daus nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj siv mis nyuj.
Kev lag luam kws tshuaj
Tshuaj excipients
Nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm cov tshuaj, nws yog dav siv raws li ib tug excipient nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj npaj. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua tus muab tub lim, disintegrant, flavoring agent, thiab lwm yam, los pab cov tshuaj tsim, yaj, thiab tso tawm zoo dua. Lub caij no, - lactose hydrate kuj muaj qee yam kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev sib raug zoo, uas tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov tshuaj thaum khaws cia thiab siv.
Bioactive tshuaj
Tsis tsuas yog nws muaj qab zib saj thiab cov khoom noj khoom haus ntxiv, tab sis nws kuj muaj qee yam kev ua haujlwm lom neeg. Nws tuaj yeem txhawb kev tsim cov kab mob lactic acid, inhibit qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob spoilage, thiab yog li pab tswj qhov sib npaug ntawm plab hnyuv microbiota. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem txhawb nqa kev nqus ntawm cov zaub mov xws li calcium, uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov pob txha noj qab haus huv.
Cov tshuaj diluents thiab stabilizers
Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev npaj tshuaj, nws yog feem ntau siv raws li ib tug diluent thiab stabilizer rau cov tshuaj. Nws tuaj yeem khi nrog cov tshuaj molecules los tsim cov complexes ruaj khov, tiv thaiv degradation lossis deterioration ntawm cov tshuaj thaum khaws cia thiab siv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tseem tuaj yeem txhim kho cov solubility thiab bioavailability ntawm cov tshuaj, yog li txhim kho lawv cov txiaj ntsig kho mob.
Kev sim biochemical
Biochemical reagents
Hauv kev sim biochemical, nws feem ntau yog siv los ua ib qho tseem ceeb biochemical reagent. Nws tuaj yeem koom nrog ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg, xws li glycolysis, lactose metabolism, thiab lwm yam, muab cov substrates tsim nyog thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau kev sim. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tuaj yeem ua haujlwm raws li substrate lossis inhibitor rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv enzymatic, siv los kawm txog cov txheej txheem catalytic thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov enzymes.
Cell kab lis kev cai
Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm cell kab lis kev cai, nws yuav siv tau raws li ib tug ntawm cov khoom ntawm cell kab lis kev cai nruab nrab. Nws tuaj yeem muab cov cell nrog lub zog tsim nyog thiab cov as-ham, txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm tes thiab kev tsim tawm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tseem tuaj yeem tswj hwm osmotic siab thiab pH tus nqi ntawm cell kab lis kev cai nruab nrab, muab qhov chaw tsim nyog loj hlob rau cov hlwb.
Kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig
Whey processing
Whey yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm - cov khoom lag luam hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom siv mis nyuj. Whey muaj ntau cov lactose, thiab yog tias tsis ua haujlwm zoo, nws tuaj yeem ua rau qee qhov ua paug rau ib puag ncig. Thiab - lactose hydrate tuaj yeem decompose lactose hauv whey, txo cov pa phem ntawm cov dej los ntawm kev xav tau cov pa oxygen siab tom qab whey tawm. Yog li ntawd, nws muaj ib qho tseem ceeb daim ntawv thov nqi nyob rau hauv lub whey ua.
Biodegradation
Alpha lactose hydrate yog biodegradable. Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig ntuj, nws tuaj yeem decomposed thiab siv los ntawm cov kab mob microorganisms, thaum kawg hloov mus rau cov khoom tsis zoo. Yog li ntawd, hauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv biodegradable rau kev kho ntau yam organic pov tseg thiab cov pa phem.
|
|
|
Pub kev lag luam
Pub additives
Hauv kev lag luam pub, nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom noj tseem ceeb. Nws tuaj yeem muab cov tsiaj muaj zog thiab cov khoom noj uas tsim nyog, txhawb nqa lawv txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tseem tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov saj thiab kev ntxhib los mos ntawm cov khoom noj, ua kom qab los noj mov thiab noj zaub mov kom tsawg.
Txhim kho kev siv cov khoom noj kom zoo
Ntxiv alpha lactose hydrate rau pub tuaj yeem txhim kho kev siv khoom noj thiab tsiaj zom zaub mov thiab muaj peev xwm nqus tau. Qhov no yog vim hais tias nws tuaj yeem txhawb kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov hnyuv, inhibit qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob phem, yog li tswj cov hnyuv noj qab haus huv thiab txhim kho kev zom zaub mov thiab kev nqus ntawm cov khoom noj.
Lwm daim ntawv thov
Tshuaj pleev ib ce
Hauv kev lag luam tshuaj pleev ib ce, nws tuaj yeem siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev moisturizing, emulsifier, thiab lwm yam khoom xyaw. Nws tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov kev ua haujlwm moisturizing thiab ruaj khov ntawm cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, txhim kho kev ntxhib los mos thiab kev ntxhib los mos ntawm cov khoom. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws kuj muaj qee yam antioxidant nyhuv, uas tuaj yeem ncua cov txheej txheem oxidative deterioration ntawm cov tshuaj pleev ib ce.
Ua liaj ua teb
Hauv kev ua liaj ua teb, nws tuaj yeem siv los ua tus tswj kev cog qoob loo. Nws tuaj yeem txhawb cov nroj tsuag kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob, txhim kho qoob loo thiab zoo. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tseem tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab txhim kho lawv cov kev hloov mus rau kev nyuaj siab xws li dej qhuav thiab ntsev.
Cov khoom siv hluavtaws
Nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm cov khoom siv hluavtaws, nws tuaj yeem siv los ua ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv raw rau kev sib txuas ntau yam ntaub ntawv tshiab. Piv txwv li, nws tuaj yeem ua ke nrog cov polymers los tsim cov khoom siv biocompatible, uas yog siv rau hauv thaj chaw xws li kev cog qoob loo kho mob; Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua ke nrog cov ntaub ntawv inorganic los tsim cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw, uas tuaj yeem siv los txhim kho cov khoom siv dag zog thiab kev ua haujlwm lom neeg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.
Kev sim
Tsim ib txoj kev ion chromatography rau kev kuaj xyuas cov ntsiab lus ntawm alpha lactose hydrate hauv cov ntaub ntawv raw. Txoj kev: Cov khoom siv raw lactose yog yaj hauv dej huv thiab lim rau cov qauv thauj khoom; Tom qab centrifugation, lim thiab coj cov filtrate rau sampling. Ob leeg tau sib cais siv Carbo Pac PA20 tsom xam kem (3 mm × 150 mm), thiab calibration curves tau tsim los siv cov txheej txheem sab nraud. Cov txheej txheem tsim tau raug lees paub rau qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub cev, qhov tshwj xeeb, qhov tseeb, thiab qhov tseeb los txiav txim siab txog qhov txwv, kev txwv kom muaj nuj nqis, thiab cov kab ntau. Kev siv cov txheej txheem tsim los kuaj xyuas cov ntsiab lus ntawm - lactose hydrate hauv cov ntaub ntawv raw. Qhov tshwm sim: Cov txheej txheem muaj qhov system adaptability zoo thiab tshwj xeeb; Qhov tseeb rov qab tus nqi yog 93.9% rau 100% 2%; repeatability thiab txheeb ze tus qauv sib txawv (RSD) ntawm nruab nrab precision yog ob qho tib si tsawg dua 1 0%; qhov kev kuaj pom qhov txwv thiab qhov txwv kom muaj nuj nqis yog 0 001 thiab 0 05 mg/L; Cov concentration ntawm - lactose hydrate muaj ib qho kev sib raug zoo nrog cov cheeb tsam ncov hauv thaj tsam ntawm 2-10 mg / L, thiab qhov sib txuas coefficient R2 ntawm tus qauv nkhaus yog siab dua 0.999; Kev ua haujlwm zoo, nrog RSD ntawm 0 hauv cov ntawv thov siv tau 2%-0. 8%. Txoj kev tshawb nrhiav no yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam, muaj tseeb thiab txhim khu kev qha hauv cov txiaj ntsig, thiab muaj qhov zoo ntawm qhov raug siab, precision, thiab rhiab heev. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua ib txoj hauv kev niaj hnub los kuaj xyuas cov ntsiab lus ntawm alpha lactose hydrate hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv polysaccharide thiab cov khoom siv tshuaj.
Lub hom phiaj
Vim nws lub peev xwm los catalyze hydrolysis ntawm glycosidic bonds nyob rau hauv galactoside tebchaw thiab nws muaj peev xwm los hloov galactosides, - lactose hydrate feem ntau yog siv los ua raw khoom rau zus tau tej cov khoom uas tsis muaj lactose thiab oligogalactose. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntxiv alpha lactose hydrate thaum lub sij hawm tsim khoom yogurt tuaj yeem ua kom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv acidification, txhim kho fermentation efficiency, thiab txo cov teeb meem xws li lactose crystallization thiab whey nag lossis daus hauv cov khoom siv mis nyuj. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, alpha lactose hydrate tuaj yeem decompose lactose hauv whey thiab txo cov pa phem ntawm cov dej uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov pa oxygen siab heev tom qab whey tawm.
Ntxiv mus, cov peev txheej ntawm alpha lactose hydrates yog qhov dav, thiab ntau cov kab mob, cov nroj tsuag, thiab cov tsiaj hlwb tuaj yeem tsim cov alpha lactose hydrates. Ntawm lawv, tus naj npawb ntawm alpha lactose hydrates los ntawm microbial qhov chaw yog qhov loj tshaj plaws, qhov chaw enzyme muaj ntau, thiab cov khoom muaj ntau haiv neeg. Vim qhov zoo ntawm lub voj voog loj hlob luv luv, tus nqi qis qis, kev tswj tau yooj yim, thiab tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm cov xwm txheej xws li lub caij thiab thaj chaw, cov microbial derived alpha lactose hydrates tau nyiam heev. Cov kab mob uas tsim alpha lactose hydrate feem ntau suav nrog cov kab mob, cov poov xab, thiab pwm.
Metabolize
Ntau cov kab mob Gram zoo tuaj yeem noj alpha lactose hydrate los ntawm phosphoenolpyruvate dependent phosphotransferase system. Thaum lub sij hawm thauj ntawm-Lactose monohydrate, 6 txoj hauj lwm ntawm galactose residue yog phosphorylated, thiab cov lactose generated yog hydrolyzed los ntawm phosphoglucosidase rau hauv qabzib thiab galactose, uas nkag mus rau hauv EMP txoj kev thiab 6-phosphate txoj kev rau ntxiv metabolism, raws li. Phosphat-P-galactosidase belongs rau glycoside hydrolase tsev neeg GH1 thiab tau pom thiab cais nyob rau hauv ntau yam kab mob, xws li Staphylococcus aureus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactococcus lactis, Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus, ractobacillus. Tam sim no, phospho-P-galactosidase muab tau los ntawm Lactococcus lactis tau kawm ntxiv. Nws cov noob encoding nyob rau ntawm lub plasmid nrog ib qho hnyav molecular ntawm 54 kDa, thiab ib qho molecules tuaj yeem nthuav tawm cov haujlwm. Cov kev ua haujlwm tsis tshua muaj inhibited los ntawm cov khoom 6-P-phosphate.
-Lactose monohydrate, ib daim ntawv crystalline ntawm lactose uas muaj ib lub molecule ntawm dej, yog ib qho kev kawm ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev lag luam siv txij li thaum nws nrhiav tau. Nws txoj kev tshawb fawb hnub rov qab mus rau lub xyoo pua 20th, nrog kev nce qib tseem ceeb hauv kev nkag siab txog nws cov qauv, cov khoom, thiab kev siv hauv kev lag luam tshuaj thiab zaub mov.
Nyob rau xyoo 1930, txoj hauv kev rau kev cais cov lactose los ntawm cov mis nyuj tau patented, tso lub hauv paus rau nws cov khoom lag luam. Los ntawm xyoo 1950, tshuaj tsuag- cov txheej txheem ziab qhuav tau tsim los tsim cov lactose haum rau kev ncaj qha compression hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj tsim, tsim nws ua tus qauv excipient hauv cov tshuaj formulations. Qhov kev tsim kho tshiab no tau ua kom yooj yim rau kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv ntau npaum li cas, txhim kho kev ua tau zoo thiab zoo ntawm kev xa tshuaj.
Kev tshawb fawb rau hauv crystallization dynamics ntawm alpha-lactose monohydrate yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom zoo dua nws cov khoom lag luam. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau tshawb fawb txog kev ua lej ua qauv los tswj cov khoom siv lead ua loj, txhawm rau tsim cov khoom nyob rau hauv qhov tshwj xeeb rau ntau yam kev siv. Cov kev nce qib no tau txhim kho cov flowability, compressibility, thiab dissolution zog ntawm lactose, ua rau nws muaj ntau yam excipient nyob rau hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj, tsiav tshuaj, thiab inhalation hmoov.
Ntxiv mus, kev nkag siab ntawm lactose's polymorphism-nws muaj nyob hauv alpha thiab beta anomers- tau cuam tshuam nws cov ntawv thov. Alpha-lactose monohydrate, yog daim ntawv ruaj khov dua nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, nyiam dua hauv cov tshuaj, thaum beta-lactose, tsim nyob rau hauv qhov kub siab dua, pom kev siv hauv qee yam khoom noj.
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, kev tshawb fawb tseem tau tsom mus rau lactose lub luag haujlwm hauv kev tsim tshuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev kho kev nqus pa, qhov twg nws cov khoom ua tus nqa thiab diluent txhim kho aerosol kev ua tau zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tshawb fawb txog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm lactose nrog cov khoom xyaw tshuaj nquag tau coj txoj kev txhim kho ntawm kev ruaj khov thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.
Zuag qhia tag nrho, evolution ntawm alpha-lactose monohydrate los ntawm cov khoom noj siv mis los ntawm cov khoom noj siv mis rau cov khoom noj uas tsis tseem ceeb hauv cov tshuaj thiab zaub mov underscores nws txoj kev tshawb fawb thiab kev lag luam tseem ceeb, uas tau tsav los ntawm kev tshawb fawb txuas ntxiv thiab thev naus laus zis tshiab.
- Lactose monohydrate yog ntau yam sib xyaw nrog ntau yam kev siv hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, zaub mov, thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce. Nws cov qauv tshwj xeeb thiab lub cev lub cev ua rau nws yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau ntau lub zog, los ntawm kev ua yeeb yam hauv cov tshuaj formulations los muab cov dej noo thiab cov teebmeem hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tswj xyuas zoo, kev xav txog kev nyab xeeb, thiab kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tswj xyuas kom ntseeg tau tias kev tsim khoom thiab siv cov khoom siv siab - zoo, nyab xeeb, thiab ruaj khov. Raws li kev tshawb fawb txuas ntxiv mus, cov ntawv thov tshiab thiab txhim kho txoj hauv kev tsim khoom rau - lactose monohydrate tuaj yeem tshwm sim, nthuav nws qhov tseem ceeb hauv ntau qhov chaw.
FAQ
1. Dab tsi yog alpha-lactose monohydrate?
Alpha-Lactose Monohydrate, tseem hu ua mis nyuj qab zib, yog ib qho qab zib disaccharide thiab ntxiv rau cov tshuaj ua kom muab tub lim vim nws lub cev muaj zog.
2. Lactose monohydrate siv rau dab tsi?
Nws feem ntau yog siv los ua ib qho kev muab tshuaj rau cov tshuaj thiab ntxiv rau cov khoom ntim khoom, cov khoom ci, thiab cov qauv me nyuam mos ua cov khoom qab zib los yog stabilizer. Cov tshuaj ntxiv no tau pom tias muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab yuav tsis ua rau cov tsos mob ntawm cov neeg uas tsis muaj lactose intolerant.
3. Puas yog lactose monohydrate ntuj lossis hluavtaws?
Lactose monohydrate yog ib txwm tshwm sim disaccharide qab zib muab los ntawm mis nyuj. Nws yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv crystalline nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj formulations vim nws tshwj xeeb lub cev thiab tshuaj zog.
Cim npe nrov: -Lactose monohydrate cas 5989-81-1, lwm tus neeg, manufacturers, hoobkas, lag luam wholesale, yuav, nqe, tej, kev muag khoom