Lycopene hmoov CAS 502-65-8

Lycopene hmoovyog ib hom carotene thiab ib hom xim liab uas muaj nyob hauv cov zaub mov cog. Tsaus liab koob zoo li siv lead ua, soluble hauv chloroform, benzene thiab roj tab sis insoluble hauv dej. Nws tsis ruaj khov rau lub teeb thiab oxygen thiab tig xim av thaum ntsib hlau. Cov mis mos molecular yog C40H56. Muaj 11 conjugated ob daim ntawv cog lus thiab 2 tsis sib txuas ob daim ntawv cog lus hauv cov qauv molecular, tsim cov saw ncaj hydrocarbon. Nws tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev ntawm vitamin A, tab sis muaj zog antioxidant muaj nuj nqi. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo siav liab yog siab dua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv txiv lws suav, carrots, txiv lws suav, papayas thiab guavas. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov xim hauv kev ua zaub mov, thiab tseem yog cov khoom siv raw ntawm cov khoom noj antioxidant.

Raws li Minte's "Global New Product Database" (GNPD), 418 cov khoom tshiab uas muaj lycopene tau tsim tawm thoob ntiaj teb los ntawm 2003 txog 2010. Cov khoom no suav nrog cov khoom noj, tshuaj thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce, cov lycopene uas muaj cov tshuaj ntxiv yog cov khoom nrov tshaj plaws.

1. Cov khoom noj qab haus huv thiab kev ua kis las:

 

GNPD cov ntaub ntawv qhia tias muaj 177 cov tshuaj tshiab uas muaj lycopene hauv ntiaj teb. Lub Xeev Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) tuaj yeem pom tias muaj 31 hom lycopene cov khoom noj qab haus huv uas tau txais lo lus "Guoshi Jianzi", suav nrog 2 cov khoom noj qab haus huv tuaj, thiab cov khoom noj qab haus huv hauv tsev. Cov 31 hom khoom noj qab haus huv no feem ntau yog siv los tiv thaiv -oxidation, tiv thaiv- kev laus, txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kab mob, tswj cov ntshav lipids, cov 2 yog cov ntsiav tshuaj, 1 yog roj, thiab qhov seem yog cov tshuaj ntsiav.

2. Tshuaj pleev ib ce:

 

GNPD cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau hais tias muaj 81 cov khoom siv tu tawv nqaij tshiab uas muaj lycopene thiab 51 tshuaj pleev ib ce. Cov khoom lag luam, xws li lycopene moisturizing lotion, muaj kev ua kom tawv nqaij thiab tiv thaiv kev laus -. Cov khoom lag luam hauv tsev muaj lycopene whitening essence applicator, uas muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob antioxidant, tiv thaiv kev ua xua thiab ua kom tawv nqaij.

3. Khoom noj khoom haus thiab dej haus:

 

Hauv kev ua zaub mov thiab dej haus, lycopene tau txais kev pom zoo ntawm "cov khoom noj tshiab" hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab GRAS (feem ntau suav tias muaj kev nyab xeeb) hauv Tebchaws Meskas, cov uas tsis yog{0}} dej cawv yog cov nyiam tshaj plaws. GNPD cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau hais tias muaj 20 yam khoom tshiab: 7 nyob rau hauv qhob cij, noj tshais cereals thiab lwm yam teb; 7 hom nyob rau hauv daim teb ntawm cov nqaij, ntses thiab qe; 7 yam khoom siv mis nyuj; 6 hom chocolate thiab khoom qab zib; 5 hom ntses thiab condiments; 5 hom khoom qab zib thiab ice cream. Nws daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv mis nyuj tsis tsuas yog khaws cov khoom noj khoom haus ntawm cov khoom noj siv mis, tab sis kuj txhawb lawv txoj kev noj qab haus huv.

4. Daim ntawv thov hauv cov khoom noj nqaij:

 

Cov xim, kev ntxhib los mos thiab tsw ntawm cov khoom nqaij yuav hloov vim oxidation thaum ua thiab cia. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nrog rau lub sijhawm khaws cia, kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog botulinum toxin, kuj yuav ua rau cov nqaij tsis zoo. Yog li ntawd, tshuaj preservative nitrite feem ntau yog siv los inhibit microbial kev loj hlob, tiv thaiv cov nqaij los ntawm deteriorating thiab txhim kho nqaij tsw thiab xim. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias nitrite yuav ua ke nrog cov khoom lag luam protein decomposition los tsim cov kab mob carcinogen nitrosamine nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb, yog li ntxiv nitrite rau nqaij tau muaj teeb meem.

 

Lycopene hmoovyog lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm cov xim liab nyob rau hauv txiv lws suav thiab lwm yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nws muaj zog antioxidant muaj peev xwm thiab zoo physiological zog. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom noj khoom haus thiab cov xim rau cov khoom noj nqaij. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kua qaub ntawm cov txiv lws suav nplua nuj nyob rau hauv lycopene yuav txo cov pH nqi ntawm cov khoom noj nqaij thiab inhibit qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob putrefactive microorganisms rau qee yam. Yog li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom noj rau cov khoom noj nqaij los hloov cov nitrite ib nrab.

5. Daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv edible roj:

 

Oxidation deterioration yog ib qho kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo ntawm cov roj edible thaum lub sij hawm cia, uas tsis yog tsuas yog ua rau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov roj noj tau zoo lossis txawm tias poob ntawm cov nqi noj tau zoo, tab sis qhov hnyav dua, ntev - lub sij hawm tau txais cov roj tsis zoo yuav ua rau ntau yam kab mob.

Txhawm rau ncua qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov roj noj tau, qee cov tshuaj antioxidants feem ntau ntxiv rau hauv kev ua haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog kev txhim kho ntawm tib neeg txoj kev paub txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm zaub mov, kev nyab xeeb ntawm ntau yam antioxidants tau raug tsa los tas li. Yog li ntawd, nrhiav kev nyab xeeb ntuj antioxidants tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom noj ntxiv. Lycopene muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm lub cev thiab muaj zog antioxidant muaj peev xwm. Nws tuaj yeem tua cov pa oxygen thiab tshem tawm cov dawb radicals, thiab inhibit lipid peroxidation. Yog li ntawd, nws ntxiv rau edible roj yuav alleviate roj deterioration.

6. Lwm yam kev siv:

 

Lycopene, raws li lub peev xwm carotenoid compound, tsis tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm nws tus kheej hauv tib neeg lub cev thiab yuav tsum tau txais los ntawm kev noj zaub mov thiab lwm yam tshuaj. Tom qab tshawb pom lub cev muaj nuj nqi ntawm lycopene, Ly cored Natural Products Industries Ltd. ntawm cov neeg Ixayees tau ua tus thawj coj hauv kev tsim cov khoom lag luam lycopene. Tsis tas li ntawd, Henkel Tuam Txhab hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab Tuam Txhab Makhtshim hauv Nyij Pooj tau tsim cov tshuaj nrog lycopene ua cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb. Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb suav nrog txo qis ntshav siab, kho hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipidemia, thiab txo cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Tam sim no, muaj ob peb daim ntawv qhia txog kev siv lycopene ua zaub mov lossis tshuaj raw khoom hauv Suav teb.

Lycopene tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom noj khoom haus ntxiv rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tib neeg. Lycopene oleoresin ua nyob rau hauv Nyiv tau siv dav hauv dej haus, khoom noj txias, khoom noj nqaij thiab khoom ci. Vim nws txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb, lycopene kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov khoom noj uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev xav niaj hnub no, xws li ua los tiv thaiv - oxidation noj qab haus huv capsules, los yog ua cov kaus poom zaub mov tom qab compatibility nrog rau lwm yam nroj tsuag tshuaj.

Txoj kev rho tawm thiab kev sib cais ntawm lycopene feem ntau suav nrog cov organic hnyav extraction, enzyme cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, microbial fermentation, dag synthesis, supercritical CO2 extraction, microwave, thiab lwm yam. Cov txheej txheem feem ntau yog hnyav extraction (piv txwv li extraction), tab sis cov txheej txheem extraction ib txwm muaj ntau yam shortcomings, xws li ntev extraction lub sij hawm, siab zog siv, siab zog noj ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev puas tsuaj. Chemically synthesized lycopene muaj ntau yam isomers thiab impurities, yog li nws yog txwv tsis pub siv rau hauv cov khoom kho mob, thiab nws txoj kev lag luam feem ntau txo qis; Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev rho tawm ntuj raug txwv los ntawm cov khoom siv raw, yog li tus nqi nyuaj rau kev txo qis ntxiv thiab cov khoom tsim tau pom tseeb cuam tshuam los ntawm lub caij. Yog li ntawd, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm microbial fermentation txoj kev tau qhia pom tseeb zoo nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no.

Lycopene hmoovyog dav faib nyob rau hauv qhov. Nyob rau theem no, tib neeg maj mam paub txog kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov xim hluavtaws rau tib neeg lub cev, yog li kev rho tawm lycopene los ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntuj tau dhau los ua ntau txoj hauv kev.

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus: Lycopene yog aliphatic hydrocarbon nrog 11 carbon unsaturated ob daim ntawv cog lus. Nws yog insoluble nyob rau hauv dej, insoluble nyob rau hauv methanol thiab ethanol, soluble nyob rau hauv ether, roj av ether, hexane thiab acetone, thiab soluble nyob rau hauv chloroform, carbon disulfide, benzene thiab lwm yam organic solvents. Raws li cov cuab yeej no, lycopene tuaj yeem muab rho tawm los ntawm txiv lws suav los ntawm lipophilic organic hnyav.

Cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis: txiv lws suav → mashing → ziab → crushing → organic solvent extraction → extract → filtration → filtrate → concentration → crude product

Extraction pH, extraction kub thiab lub sij hawm rho tawm yog lub ntsiab yam tseem ceeb cuam tshuam cov nyhuv extraction. Cov txheej txheem organic solvent extraction muaj ob peb cov cuab yeej, cov txheej txheem yooj yim thiab kev ua haujlwm yooj yim, tab sis muaj lwm yam hauv cov txiv lws suav, thiab cov organic hnyav yuav muaj cov kab seem. Tsuas yog los ntawm cov kuab tshuaj extraction, purity ntawm cov khoom feem ntau tsis siab, thiab cov ntsiab lus lycopene yog li 5% - 15%. Tsis tas li ntawd, lycopene crystals tsis yog feem ntau tsim, tab sis ib yam khoom oily, uas yog lycopene oleoresin.

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus: Nyob rau hauv lub siab, qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kua theem thiab roj theem shrinks. Thaum qee qhov kub thiab txias tau mus txog, qhov sib txawv ploj mus thiab sib koom ua ke rau hauv ib theem. Lub xeev no dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, qhov kub thiab txias yog hu ua qhov kub thiab txias thiab lub siab tseem ceeb feem. When the temperature and pressure exceed the critical point, the property of the fluid is between liquid and gas, which is called supercritical fluid.

Supercritical kua muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov pa roj-kua dual. Nws tsis yog tsuas yog siab permeability thiab tsawg viscosity piv rau cov roj, tab sis kuj muaj qhov ceev zoo ib yam li cov kua thiab zoo heev solubility ntawm cov khoom. Nws tuaj yeem muab cov khoom siv tau zoo los ntawm cov khoom siv raw kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj kev sib cais, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xws li lycopene.

Cov txheej txheem ntws: cov kua txiv lws suav tshiab tshiab → pulping → nyem thiab lim → nqus kom qhuav → crushing → sieving → hnyav → txhim kho lub tank extraction thiab sealing → tswj cov kev ua haujlwm tsim nyog → zoo li qub thiab dynamic extraction → depressurization thiab sib cais → tau txais lycopene los ntawm kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom zoo →

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus: Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv enzyme feem ntau yog txhawm rau rho tawm lycopene los ntawm kev siv cov enzyme uas muaj nyob rau hauv txiv lws suav tev. Cov txheej txheem yog ua kom pectinase thiab cellulase nyob rau hauv txiv lws suav tev react nyob rau hauv alkaline tej yam kev mob, decompose pectin thiab cellulose, thiab ua rau cov protein complex ntawm lycopene yaj los ntawm cov hlwb.

Cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis: ntxuav cov txiv lws suav tshiab (qhov hnyav hnyav) → blanch thiab tev ntawm 100℃(5 ~ 7s) → ntaus → tshav kub thiab inactivate enzyme kev ua si (85 degree, 20min) → txias rau 55 degree, kho tus nqi pH txog li 4.5 (nrog phosphoric acid thiab sodium hydroxide) → ntxiv 10se0 genzymes ntawm tes Txiv lws suav, qhov piv ntawm ob enzymes yog 1 ∶ 2) thiab kho rau 2h → roughly lim thiab tshem tawm cov tub ntxhais → ntxiv roj av ether uas muaj 2% dichloromethane rau extraction, Cov khoom piv yog li 1: 3 → sib cais ntauwd → khoom tiav

Piv nrog rau cov txheej txheem organic solvent extraction, txoj kev no tuaj yeem txo lub sijhawm rho tawm thiab txhim kho tus nqi rho tawm.

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus: ua ntej, siv KOH tshuaj los ua thawj zaug alkali ntxuav saponification ntawm cov txiv lws suav pretreated, tshem tawm feem ntau ntawm fatty acid glycerides thiab ntau yam fatty acids dawb hauv cov txiv lws suav, ces rho tawm cov crude lycopene extract nrog cov kuab tshuaj organic, thiab tom qab ntawd ua qhov thib ob saponification ntawm crude extract, thiaj li mus cais cov fattyragments, fatty acids nyob rau hauv lub cellar glycerides thiab fatty acids. dej-soluble saponification, thiab tso cov dej tsis sib haum lycopene muaj nyob rau hauv, Thaum kawg,lycopene hmoovnrog siab purity tau los ntawm recrystallization.

Cov txheej txheem ntws: cov txiv lws suav tshiab → ntxuav → khov lub cev qhuav dej → pretreatment nrog cov kuab tshuaj organic → ntxiv alkali rau saponify hauv dej da dej → ntxuav kom nruab nrab → rho tawm nrog cov kuab tshuaj sib xyaw → tau txais cov tshuaj extraction nplua nuj nyob rau hauv lycopene → nqus distillation thiab concentration → lycopene oleoresin txawm oresin tov nrog Ntxiv KOH ethanol tov, ntxiv cov dej distilled tom qab tag nrho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv → sawv ntsug rau txheej, Ntxuav cov roj theem nrog dej kom nruab nrab → ntxuav nws nrog ethanol rau 2-3 zaug → dissolve cov roj kho resin hauv acetone ntawm 50℃kom tshem tawm cov teeb meem insoluble, thiab muab tso rau hauv chav sov li 8h kom tau lycopene.

Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm saponification, qhov piv ntawm saponification ho cuam tshuam cov yield, thiab kub thiab lub sij hawm ntawm saponification kuj cuam tshuam, tab sis cov℃ntawm lub hwj chim maj mam txo.

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus: Thaum lub sij hawm rho tawm, lub microwave nkag mus rau qhov nruab nrab extraction thiab nkag mus rau hauv cov khoom siv hlwb, ua rau cov polar molecules hauv cov khoom sib tsoo thiab rub hnyav nrog cov kev hloov ntawm sab nraud electromagnetic teb, ua rau kub hauv cov khoom nce sai, ua rau lub cell tawg, tso cai rau cov khoom siv hauv lub hlwb kom ntws tawm dawb thiab yaj los ntawm cov kuab tshuaj.

Cov txheej txheem ntws: tshiab txiv lws suav ntxuav → pulping → ntxiv cov kuab tshuaj organic rau microwave cua sov rho tawm → lim → nqus evaporation ntawm cov organic hnyav → khoom tiav

Ntxiv nrog rau kev rho tawm lycopene los ntawm txiv lws suav, nws tseem tuaj yeem fermented los ntawm algae, fungi thiab poov xab los npaj lycopene. Isopentene pyrophosphate (IPP), raws li thawj qhov ncaj qha precursor hauv lycopene synthesis, yog hloov los ntawm qabzib.

Cov kab mob liab uas muaj cov ntsiab lus lycopene ntau dua tseem tsis tau muaj kev lag luam. Lycopene tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm fermentation ntawm pwm, tab sis vim tias lycopene tuaj yeem tsim ntau hom carotene los ntawm cyclizing enzyme, cyclization cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsum raug zam.

Genetic engineering thiab biotechnology tau siv los tswj qee qhov kev hloov pauv kev coj ua ntawm cov neeg ua ntej hauv lycopene synthesis, xws li ua FPP kev sib tw los ntawm ergosterol rau lycopene. Tam sim no, thev naus laus zis ntawm microbial fermentation rau lycopene ntau lawm tsis tau mus txog qhov ntsuas ntawm kev tsim khoom, tab sis tus nqi thiab kev ua qias tuaj ntawm txoj kev fermentation kuj tsawg. Yog tias lub peev xwm khaws cia thiab kev hloov pauv muaj peev xwm ntawm cov kab mob tuaj yeem txhim kho ntxiv, nws yog ib qho kev lag luam thiab kev ua tau zoo kom ua tiav cov khoom lag luam ntawmlycopene hmoov.

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