L - tyrosine hmoov, CAS 60 {-}}}}}-}}}}}}}}}} 4, dawb kom tawm dawb hmoov. Soluble hauv acid thiab alkali daws teeb meem, me ntsis soluble hauv dej, insoluble nyob rau hauv tsis muaj ethanol, ether thiab acetone. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb noj yog cov amino acid thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv tib neeg thiab tsiaj metabolism hauv tsev, kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob. Nws yog dav siv hauv cov zaub mov, pub, tshuaj, tshuaj lom neeg kev lag luam thiab lwm yam lag luam. Nws feem ntau yog siv los ua khoom noj khoom haus rau kev ua haujlwm phenylketonuria, l} hydroxinnamic acid, p} hydroxystyrene thiab lwm yam khoom siv tshuaj thiab lwm yam tshuaj lom neeg. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog rau kev tshawb pom ntawm ntau qhov siab- tus nqi l-tyrosine derivatives xws li dysosine derivative xws li kev txhim kho ntawm cov tebchaw platform.
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Tshuaj Cov Qauv |
C9HH11NO3 |
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Muaj pes tsawg leej |
181 |
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Molecular hnyav |
181 |
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m/z |
181 (100.0%), 182 (9.7%) |
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Kev Ntsuam Xyuas |
C, 59.66; H, 6.12; N, 7.73; O, 26.49 |
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L - tyrosine hmoov, raws li cov muaj ntxhiab tsis tseem ceeb amino acid, yog qhov ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab roj ntsha ua haujlwm ntawm nws cov qauv molecular. Txij li thaum nws thawj sib cais los ntawm cheese hauv 1846, nws daim ntawv thov tau nthuav dav los ntawm cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo xws li cov khoom noj muaj zog, ua liaj ua teb, sib sau ua ke, ua ib qho kev tshawb fawb txhua hnub
Neurotransmitter precursors thiab kev puas siab puas ntsws muaj kev cuam tshuam
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ua kom tseem ceeb rau cov synthesis ntawm dopamine, norpinephrine, thiab adrenaline. Hauv kev kho kev nyuaj siab, ntxiv}} typosine tuaj yeem nce cov neeg mob hlwb thiab kev txawj ntse rau kev nyuaj siab me me. Cov kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam tau qhia tias thaum muaj vitamin B6, C, thiab cov kev phom sij ntxiv rau kev ntxhov siab hom kev ntxhov siab yog qhov tseem ceeb. Ib qho ntxiv, raws li kev kho kom zoo rau Parkinson tus kab mob, l {} topaminergic neurons nyob rau hauv lub txiaj ntsig nigra thiab txhim kho cov tsos mob ntawm bradykinesia.
Kev kho mob ntawm endocrine disorders
Hauv hyperthyroidism, tswj cov qog ua cov tshuaj squohody synthesis tuaj yeem daws cov kev mob tshwm sim xws li palpitations thiab kev txiav txim siab.
Raws li cov khoom siv hluavtaws rau cov thyroid hormone (t4) thiab triiodothyronine (T3)
Kev Noj Qab Haus Rau Kev Noj Mob Cov Kab Mob Genett Metabolism
Cov neeg mob uas phenylketonuria (PKU) txom nyem los ntawm l - tyrosine defuliency vim li cas rau l- tyrosine kom muaj kev loj hlob ib txwm thiab kev loj hlob. Tus qauv kev nyab xeeb hauv tebchaws rau cov mis mos mos rau hauv Suav teb cov hmoov av hauv PKUCULULIVE hauv PKU tshwj xeeb yuav tsum muaj ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 1.2g / 100kcal.
Cov Khoom Siv Raw Rau Cov Tshuaj Siv Tshuaj
L - Tyrosine yog cov khoom siv ntawm cov tub ntxhais ua haujlwm (xws li polymyropin tso tawm), thiab cov tshuaj los kho tus mob Parkinson). Nws derivative n- acetyl {{4 4 {l {{5} {{5} -} lub hlwb.
Kev noj haus fortification ntawm cov zaub mov muaj protein ntau
Ntxiv l - tyrosine rau cov khoom noj mis nyuj, cov nqaij cov khoom, thiab cov protein cov khoom tuaj yeem nce cov protein ntau thiab cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom lag luam. Piv txwv li, ntxiv 0.5% l - tyrosine rau Whey Protein Cov hmoov ntau cov txiaj ntsig los ze rau tib neeg cov amino acid thov cov qauv.
Kev Tsim Kho Khoom Noj Khoom Haus
Khoom noj khoom haus ua si: los ntawm kev txhawb adrenaline synthesis, nws qeeb zog nkees. Ntxiv nrog 1.5g l - tyrosine ua ntej kev tawm dag zog ua ntej kev tawm dag zog tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntev ntev ntawm lub sijhawm 12%.
Kev tswj hwm kev ntxhov siab: Ua haujlwm dej Haus Haus Yeeb uas muaj nrog magnesium B complex tuaj yeem txo cov qib cortisol los ntawm 23%, haum {1} workplaces.
Cov Khoom Noj Laus: Ntxiv L- Tyrosine rau cov neeg laus tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm lub hnub nyoog ua tau los ntawm lub hnub nyoog {} Qhov kev poob qis hauv dopamine synthesis.
Ua Zaub Mov Ua Zaub Mov Noj
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv maitard nrog txo cov qab zib ua cov nqaij noj cov kua, uas tau siv dav hauv kev npaj ntawm cov nqaij tsw essence. Nws tseem tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev tsim ntawm magnesium phongium phosphate muaju hauv cov kaus poom kaus poom thiab roob ris, txuas cov khoom txheem txee.
Kev Tshawb Nrhiav thiab Kev Loj Hlob ntawm Blackening Tshuaj Pleev
Txo melanin ntau lawm los ntawm kev sib tw inhibitely tyrosinase kev ua si. Kev kuaj mob hauv cov tshuaj ntsuam pom tias daim tawv xim xim (l * tus nqi) ntawm cov ncauj lus nce los ntawm 15% tom qab lub ntsiab ntawm lub ntsej muag dawb uas muaj 2%L - tyrosine hmoovtau siv txuas ntxiv rau 8 lub lis piam. Thaum ua ke nrog niacinamide thiab tranexamic acid, snergistic cov nyhuv dawb yog nce los ntawm peb zaug.
Daim ntawv thov ntawm anti -}}}} Kev Laus Skinner Cov Khoom
Cov qauv phenhologyl qauv ntawm L - tyrosine xaus, nrog DPP radical txaus rau ntawm 89%, siab dua Vitamin C (78%). Ntxiv 1% l - tyrosine mus rau anti wrinkle ntsej muag cream tuaj yeem nce cov ntsiab lus collagen hauv daim tawv nqaij los ntawm 22% thiab txo cov tawv ntoo los ntawm qhov tob txog 18%.
Cov Khoom Tu Plaub Plaub Hau
Los ntawm kev txhawb nqa kev ua si ntawm Melanocytes, cov plaub hau dawb ntxov tuaj yeem txhim kho. Ntxiv 0.5% l - tyrosine mus rau cov plaub hau ntawm hydrogen peroxide rau saum tawv taub hau thiab txhim kho qhov ntev ntawm cov plaub hau zas xim.
Txhim kho cov tsiaj txhu thiab nqaij qaib cov khoom lag luam
Ntxiv 0.2% l - tyrosine rau cov pluas noj npua tuaj yeem nce kev hloov pauv txhua hnub los ntawm 6%. Nws cov tshuab cuam tshuam nrog kev txhawb nqa cov hormone zais nts kas thiab txoj hnyuv.
Txhim Kho Kev Nyuaj Siab Tsis kam ntawm Cov Tsiaj Tsiaj
Ntxiv 0.1% l - tyrosine mus noj ntawm South American Whess Dag los thiab nce tus nqi muaj sia nyob los ntawm 12%.
Ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom noj tsiaj
Raws li cov amino acids tseem ceeb rau cov miv, nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kom txhob mob daim tawv nqaij tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsis taus. Ntxiv L -}} tyrosine rau cov zaub mov rau cov menyuam dev hluas tuaj yeem txhim kho kev puas tsuaj thiab txhim kho kev tsis txaus siab lub peev xwm.
Kev Tshawb Fawb: Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb Hlob thiab Biochemical
Kev loj hlob ntawm ntshav dej - Cov kab lis kev cai dawb nruab nrab
L - Tyrosine yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Serum - Kab lis kev cai pub dawb xws li hu cov hlwb thiab HEK293 hlwb. Hauv monoclonal antibody ntau lawm, ntxiv rau l {{4 4}} tyrosine tuaj yeem ua kom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv me me los ntawm 15% thaum txo cov lej hauv xov tooj.
Kev tshawb fawb txog cov qauv protein thiab muaj nuj nqi
Raws li tus qauv rau kev txiav txim siab peptide nitrogen cov ntsiab lus, nws yog siv rau Colorimetric Vuamitative Tsom xam hauv Milon cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nws cov fluivatently sau fluorescented tyrosine (Fitc Tyr) tau siv dav hauv kev tshawb fawb protein kev sib txuam.
Tus Kab Mob Qauv Tsim
Hauv Parkinson tus kab mob xov tooj ntawm cov qauv, tshawb fawb txog cov kev txawv txav metabolic muab cov kab mob tseem ceeb rau cov txheej txheem kab mob ntawm neurodegenerative.
Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm cov khoom siv hluavtaws thiab cov khoom xa tawm, lub thaj tsam ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm l} 0}} tyrosine yuav txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv. Piv txwv li, tsim kom muaj siab - tawm l} Tyee kho cov nqi thev naus laus zis ntau lawm; Kev hloov kho ntawm l {{4 4}} tyrosine nanoparticles yuav ua tiav cov qog nqaij ntim tshwj xeeb thiab txhim kho kev kho mob.
Kev tsim khoom thaum ntxov ntawmL - tyrosine hmoovFeem ntau yog nyob ntawm cov protein hydrolysis. Txawm li cas los xij, protein hydrolysis tau raug tshem tawm vim nws cov khoom siv tsawg, cov txheej txheem sib xyaw thiab cov khoom lag luam, thiab lub voj voog ntev. L - Tyrosine yog feem ntau tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem enzymatic, microbial fermentation qauv, kev rho tawm qauv thiab cov qauv tshuaj.
1. Enzymatic txoj kev:
Enzyymatic txoj kev, kuj paub tias yog cov qauv hloov kho microbial, tsuas yog siv Tyrosine Phenol, L {1} {2} {tyrosine. TPl nrog cov kev ua si ntau dua thiab cov txiaj ntsig kev tshawb fawb ntau ntxiv los ntawm cov kab mob Erwinia, Citrobacter intermedii thiab thermophilic bacteria. Lee thiab Hsio ntawm Genex Lub Tuam Txhab yog thawj zaug siv Klassiella Aerogenes serine hydrochazs of sastizing l {{} {tyrosine nrog L - mov raws li substrate hauv xyoo 1986. Ntxiv 0.32% phosphote, 0.5 mm}}}}}} {} -} Nyob rau hauv pH 7.0 thiab 37 degree, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau pib nrog 37% formaldehyde. Tom qab 16 teev, 26.3 G / ll - tyrosine tau tsim tawm, thiab hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm Glycine mus txog 61.4%. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog neeg pluag thiab glycine muaj cov txiaj ntsig muaj zog rau kev ua haujlwm. Xav txog cov kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo thiab kev ruaj khov nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv kev siv TPL kuj tau nyiam mloog nyob rau xyoo tas los no. Eugene et al. Ntawm Kribb hauv South Kauslim tau txais as6 mutant nrog kev ntsuas kub catalysic nce los ntawm sympiobacterium towbii thiab stained DNA shuffling. Cov txiaj ntsig ua ntu zus tau pom tias muaj T129I lossis T45I lossis peb zaug suav nrog A13v, E83K thiab T40, thiab T40, thiab pab tau ntau yam xws li kev pab zoo los txhim kho lub thermal stability. Thiab Kim li al. Ntawm pawg tshawb fawb no hauv E COLIB BL21 (DE3) tshaj tawm ntawm TPL nrog kev txhim kho catalyatic ua haujlwm thiab npaj cov ntawv sib cav uas yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob crude. Nyob rau hauv 2.5L flower ntxiv reactor system, 2.4 m phenol, 2.4 mm Tus nqi hloov siab tshaj plaws ntawm Phenol tuaj yeem ncav cuag 94%.
2. Microbial fermentation:
Microbial fermentation feem ntau yuav siv cov glycerol, qab zib thiab lwm cov ntaub ntawv roj carbon ntau, thiab accumulates l {{tyrosine los ntawm kev ua haujlwm microbial zoo heev hauv qab cov xwm txheej tsim nyog. Kev tshawb fawb thaum ntxov feem ntau siv dag ntxias mutagenia kom xaivL - tyrosine hmoovSiab - tawm ua rau cov kev ntsuas l {{1 {1 {tryptophan tsis zoo lossis anti feedback inhibition. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj peev xwm ntawm cov kab mob uas muaj ntxhiab tsw qab yog tsawg heev, thiab cov kev cai tswj hwm txheej txheem ntawm lawv cov kev ua lag luam metabolic yog qhov nyuaj heev. Kev sib raug tsoos tsho muaj peev xwm tsuas ua rau cov kev sib tw metabolic hauv zos lossis cov kev cuam tshuam tseem ceeb rau cov kev cuam tshuam tag nrho, thiab nws nyuaj} tyrosine txaus. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no, nrog rau kev txhim kho sai ntawm metabolic engineering thiab ntau yam kev tshawb fawb Biotepanism kom rov qab ua kom zoo dua qhov fermentation ntawm l} {tyrosine. Lub l - Tyrosine Metabolic Engineering Ntau yam yog suav nrog Escherichia Glutamicum, Brevibacterium Flavum, Bracibacterium Flavum thiab Bacillus subtilis. Ntawm lawv, txoj kev tswj hwm kev sib koom tes thiab kev tswj hwm kev mechanism ntawm l}}} tyrosine hauv Escherichia Coli thiab Bacillus Glutamicum tau kawm meej tshaj plaws thiab tau piav qhia meej meej.
L - tyrosine biosynthesis txoj kev yog rau cov ntxhiab tsw qab amino acid biosysesis txoj kev. Lub zog ua ntej ntawm nws cov synthesis, erythreete {{5 {{{{{6} { 3 - sheexy {{}}}}}} {} tyrosine biosynthesis txoj kev. Hauv Escherichia coli, dahp synthetase muaj peb isozymes: arog, aroh thiab aroh. Nws nthuav tawm thiab kev ua ub no raug txwv thiab suppressed los ntawm cov lus teb ntawm cov khoom lag luam L- tyrosine thiab l-tryptophan, feem. Qhov kev tawm tsam 7-kauj ruam los ntawm Dahp rau branched acids yog ib txoj kev rau txhua tus ntxhiab amino acids. Branced acid yog cov ceg taw tes ntawm cov ntxhiab amino acid synthesis txoj kev. Ib ceg av pathway yog siv los ua ke l-tryptophan, thiab lwm qhov kev ua ntawm cov ceg ntoo (4hpp) Lub tom kawg ua rau L-Tyrosine los ntawm kev hloov chaw nrog L-Glutamate, cov lus qhia thiab Tyra kuj tseem muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm L-Tyrosine.
3. Kev rho tawm txoj kev:
Cov kev rho tawm tau ua ntej tau tsim los ntawm Bracannot hauv 1820. Nws muab rho tawm glycine thiab leucine los ntawm gelatin sheepskin thiab cov leeg nqaij thiab leeg. Tom qab ntawd, Bopp li al. Maj mam hydrolyzed tyrosine thiab serine los ntawm cov protein. Cov txheej txheem qub tshaj plaws ntawm cov amino acid ntau lawm, yog qhov xwm txheej dawb, dawb teeb meem hydrolysis extraction. Protein tuaj yeem yog hydrolyzed los ntawm enzyme, acid lossis cov khoom kawg yog amino acid feem ntau yog siv rau hydrolyze ntawm 110℃rau 12-24 teev. Tom qab cov kua qaub ntau dhau, sib tov ntawm ntau cov amino acids raug rho tawm. Thaum kawg, cov txheeb ze purity ntawm cov amino acids tau txais los ntawm cov qauv ntawm solubility txawv lossis ion txauv exinin.
Los ntawm xyoo 1930s thiab 1940s, ntau dua 20 yam cov amino acids tuaj yeem tau los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem rho tawm. Kev lag luam nrov tshaj plaws yog monosodium glutamate. Niaj hnub no, txawm hais tias feem ntau cov amino acids tuaj yeem muab rho tawm los ntawm ntau cov peev txheej, vim yog cov txiaj ntsig siab muaj kuab paug, nws tsis haum rau txuas ntxiv loj {5} teev ntau lawm. Cov kev rho tawm rau kev tsim cov doliac tyrosine feem ntau yog siv cov khoom muaj protein ntau, concolorization, decolorization thiab lwm cov kauj ruam cais thiab rho tawm cov mob cardiac tyrosine. Txawm li cas los xij, vim hais tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm l {8} Tyramine nyob rau hauv cov khoom rho tawm yog tsawg, yog li nws tsis haum rau loj {9} nplai ntau lawm.
4. Tshuaj Kho Mob Hluav Taws XobL - tyrosine hmoov:
Txawm hais tias tshuaj synthesis tau siv los ua ke cov amino acids ua ntej txij li xyoo 1950, nws tsis yog mus txog xyoo 1950, nws tsis yog siv los ua ke cov amino acids. Cov qauv no siv thev naus laus zis ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob organic thiab tshuaj lom neeg tsim cov amino acids. Nws qhov txiaj ntsig loj tshaj plaws yog tias nws tsis txwv los ntawm ntau yam amino acids. Ntxiv rau kev npaj cov amino acids ntuj, nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem tsim cov amino acids tsis yog muaj cov amino acids nrog cov qauv tshwj xeeb nrog cov qauv tshwj xeeb, thiab tuaj yeem tsim tawm ntawm lub ntsuas loj. Txawm li cas los xij, cov hau kev siv tshuaj kuj tseem muaj cov ceev. Qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb yog tias cov txheej txheem yog cov complex. Tsuas yog d thiab l- Hom racemates ntawm cov amino acids tuaj yeem ua ke. Tsuas yog tom qab kho qhov muag yuav tuaj yeem kho qhov muag amino acids tau txais. Txog tam sim no, ntau cov amino acids tseem tsim tawm los ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg, tshwj xeeb yog d thiab me} Methionine, uas tau siv dav hauv kev pub. Txoj kev ntau lawm tsuas yog tshuaj siv tshuaj lom neeg, thiab cov zis yog hais txog ntau pua txhiab tons / xyoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov loj- teev ntau txheej txheem ntawm cov tshuaj thiab cov khoom siv glycine kuj tseem tshuaj siv hluav taws xob- tyrosine.
Cim npe nrov: L - tyrosine hmoov yog 60-18-4, cov neeg muag khoom, chaw tsim khoom, chaw tsim khoom, yuav khoom, khoom, loj, rau muag