Phenol Hmoovyog cov organic sib xyaw nrog cov tshuaj noj tshuaj ntawm C6h5oh. Nws yog cov xim tsis muaj kob uas muaj cov siv ua ke nrog tus ntxhiab tsw tshwj xeeb thiab tshuaj lom. Nws yog ib qho khoom siv tseem ceeb rau kev tsim tawm qee cov resins, fungicides, cov tshuaj khaws cia (xws li cov tshuaj aspirin). Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv rau kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob kev phais thiab kho cov tawv nqaij, tawv nqaij kom tsis muaj menyuam, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob otitis. Melting point 43 degree, me ntsis soluble hauv dej ntawm chav tsev kub, ether, glycerol, thiab yooj yim soluble hauv cov kuab tshuaj organic; Thaum qhov ntsuas kub yog siab tshaj 65 degree, nws tuaj yeem ua tsis tiav nrog dej hauv txhua qhov kev faib ua feem. Phenol yog corrosive thiab yuav tsis kam lees cov protein hauv zos tom qab kev sib cuag. Nws cov kev daws yuav raug ntxuav nrog cawv thaum nws tsuas yog ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Ib feem me ntawm Phenol yog oxidized rau quinone los ntawm oxygen thiab puv liab thaum muaj cua. Hom no feem ntau yog siv los kuaj phenol thaum Ferric ion puv ntshav.
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Tshuaj Cov Qauv |
C6H6O |
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Muaj pes tsawg leej |
94 |
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Molecular hnyav |
94 |
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m/z |
94 (100.0%), 95 (6.5%) |
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Kev Ntsuam Xyuas |
C, 76.57; H, 6.43; O, 17.00 |
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Phenol, nrog cov tshuaj noj tshuaj c6h5oh, yog ib rab koob uas tsis muaj kob zoo li tus ntxhiab tsw nrog cov ntxhiab tsw tshwj xeeb. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb organic tshuaj raw tshuaj thiab muaj ntau cov kev siv hauv tshuaj, kev lag luam, lub neej txhua hnub, thiab ntau lwm thaj teb. Txawm li cas los xij, Phenol muaj qee yam toxicity thiab yuav tsum tau siv raws li cov kev cai thiab cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm nyab xeeb kom zam rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv thiab ib puag ncig.
Kev tua kab mob thiab tiv thaiv corrosion
Tshuaj tua kab mob:Phenol Hmoovtuaj yeem inhibit kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob thiab fungi, thiab muaj qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kom tsis muaj menyuam thiab khaws cia. Nws yog feem ntau siv rau kev tua kab mob ntawm cov khoom siv kho mob. Ua ntej kev phais mob, tshuaj tua kab mob phais cov twj paj nruag nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kab mob thaum lub sijhawm phais mob, thiab ua kom tus neeg mob kev nyab xeeb.
Ib puag ncig cov tshuaj tua kab mob: Ntxiv rau kev ntxiv rau cov cuab yeej siv kho mob, Phenol kuj tseem siv tau rau ib puag ncig cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv tsev kho mob thiab lwm qhov chaw. Piv txwv li, so lossis txau ntxuav cov kab mob ntawm cov plag tsev, phab ntsa, thiab lwm yam ntawm cov kab mob hla kev.
Kev kho cov nqaij daim tawv nqaij txhab thiab lwm yam kab mob: Phenol tuaj yeem siv rau kev kho cov nqaij daim tawv nqaij thiab lwm yam kab mob. Nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov kev loj hlob thiab luam ntawm fungi uas ua rau cov tawv nqaij txhab, txo cov tsos mob xws li cov tawv nqaij khaus thiab ua kom khaus. Hauv chaw kho mob, Phenol feem ntau tau ua rau cov tshuaj pleev, khi, thiab cov ntawv ntau npaum li cas, thiab thov rau thaj chaw cuam tshuam rau kev kho.
Sab nraud cov tshuaj xyaw
Txo cov nqaij tawv nqaij thiab khaus: Hauv qee cov tshuaj ntshiab, Phenol tuaj yeem pab daws cov tsos mob xws li cov nqaij tawv nqaij thiab khaus. Cov Phenol qis muaj qhov ua kom khaus thiab tawm tsam. Thaum cov nqaij tawv nqaij ua rau cov tawv nqaij tshwm sim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob eczema, txo cov khaus khaus, thiab muaj qee yam kev daws teeb meem ntawm o.
Kev kho mob Otitis Ititis Media: Penol kuj tseem siv tau rau kev kho mob otitis meditt, xws li ua Phenol Pob Ntseg poob qis. Phenol Pob Ntseg Muaj peev xwm muaj cov kev tawm tsam thiab kev ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig, txo cov pob ntseg thiab mob hnyav tshwm sim los ntawm otitis media. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias Phenol Pob Ntseg Pob Ntseg tsis tuaj yeem siv rau tom qab Tympanic tej kev sib raug zoo, ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau kev sib deev, edema, thiab txawm tias mucosal nti.
Cov Khoom Siv Raw Rau Cov Tshuaj Siv Tshuaj
Synthesis ntawm cov tshuaj aspirin, thiab lwm yam. Piv txwv li, nws yog ib qho khoom siv tseem ceeb rau synthesizing cov tshuaj xws li cov tshuaj aspirin. Aspirin has antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and other effects, and is widely used in clinical treatment of diseases such as colds, fever, headaches, toothache, arthritis, etc. Through a series of chemical reactions, phenol is converted into the precursor substance of aspirin, which is further synthesized to meet the demand for this type of drug in the medical field.
Lwm yam tshuaj hluavtaws: Tsis tas li ntawd, Phenol kuj tseem siv tau los tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tshuaj squthesis, cov qauv siv tshuaj lom neeg tuaj yeem hloov kho cov cuab yeej cov tshuaj, yog txhais tau tias yog cov khoom siv tshuaj, muab txhais tau tias yog txhais tau tias yog kev kho ntau yam mob.
Muaj Kev Lag Luam
Resin Ntau Lawm
Phenolic Resin: Phenol yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv raw hauv synthesis ntawm Phenolic Resin. Phenolic Resin muaj cov rwb thaiv tsev pheebsuab, cov cua sov kuj, thiab yog siv hluav taws xob, thiab yog siv hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob, thiab lwm thaj teb. Nyob rau hauv cov hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob kev lag luam, cov khoom siv pheeb suab ntaub tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob; Nyob rau hauv tsheb tsim, phenolic Resin tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov khoom siv xws li cov ntaub qhwv thiab clutch kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ntseeg tau ntawm cov tsheb.
Epoxy Resin:Phenol Hmoovtuaj yeem siv los tsim epoxy cob qhia. Epoxy Resin muaj cov khoom nplaum zoo heev, cov khoom siv kho tshuab, thiab tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov, thiab muaj cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb, cov khoom nplaum, thiab lwm thaj teb. Piv txwv li, hauv kev ua cov txheej txheem, epoxy cob cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom nplaum muaj zog, thiab muaj peev xwm siv tau rau cov txheej txheem hlau, nkoj pleev xim, thiab lwm yam; Hauv thaj teb ntawm cov nplaum nplaum, epoxy resin adhesives tuaj yeem ua cov ntaub ntawv ntau ntxiv xws li hlau, yas, thiab lwm yam, thiab siv dav hauv kev lag luam xws li aerospace, khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab kev tsim kho.
Polycarbonate: Phenol yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov bisphenol a, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb monomer hauv polycarbonate ntau lawm. Polycarbonate muaj qhov zoo ntawm siab transparency, thiab yog siv kub zoo xws li lub ntsej muag tshiab thiab hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Piv txwv li, hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm lub ntsej muag tshiab muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub teeb yuag, thiab kev tiv thaiv tawg, maj mam hloov cov iav lo ntsiab muag iav; Hauv kev ua yeeb yam ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, polycarbonate shells tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov hluav taws xob sib xyaw thaum muaj qhov zoo thiab hnov zoo.
Tawv Ua
Anti corrosion thiab Tanning: Phenol tuaj yeem siv rau kev tiv thaiv xeb thiab tawv kho ntawm tawv, txhim kho nws cov khoom zoo thiab kav ntev. Thaum lub sij hawm tawv tanning cov txheej txheem, Phenol tuaj yeem hnov mob nrog collagen hauv tawv, ua rau nws softer, thiab muaj cov khoom ntiag tug xws li waterproofing thiab pwm tsis kam. Tawv kho nrog phenol tuaj yeem ua rau ntau cov khoom tawv, xws li hnab tawv, tawv hnab, nthuav tawm cov kev pabcuam tawv nqaij ntawm cov khoom tawv.
Roj Hmab Kev Lag Luam
Roj Hmab Adositive: Phenol tuaj yeem siv los ua cov roj hmab ntxiv hauv kev lag luam roj hmab. Nws tuaj yeem nce cov viscosity ntawm roj hmab, txhim kho nws cov kev ua thiab cov khoom siv lub cev. Piv txwv li, hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm roj hmab vulcanization, Phenol tuaj yeem txhawb kev sib txuas ntawm cov roj hmab, elasticity, thiab coj cov khoom roj hmab ntau ruaj khov.
Kev tsim cov dyes thiab tshuaj tua kab
Ze Nruab Nrab: Phenol yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv nruab nrab hauv zas ntau lawm, uas tuaj yeem siv los ua ke ntau yam li azo dyes. Azo Dyes muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov xim qaim, ua kom tiav chromatography, thiab yog siv dyeing zoo nyob rau hauv kev lag luam xws li textiles thiab luam ntawv thiab zas. Los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm phenol nrog lwm cov tshuaj, ntau yam xim ntawm azo dyes tuaj yeem ua tau zoo sib xws ntawm cov khoom siv sib txawv ntawm cov ntawv sib txawv.
Cov tshuaj tua kab hluavtaws: Penol kuj tseem siv tau rau tshuaj tua kab. Qee tus tshuaj tua kab Molecules muaj cov qauv phenol, uas muaj tshuaj tua kab, wasing thiab lwm yam kev ruaj khov hauv kev ruaj khov thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb. Piv txwv li, qee yam fungicides tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov kab mob qoob loo los ntawm kev cuam tshuam qhov kev loj hlob thiab luam ntawm pathogens; Cov tshuaj tua kab tuaj yeem tswj tus naj npawb ntawm cov kab thiab txo lawv cov kev ua kom lawv raug mob.
Lub Neej Nyob Hauv Lub Neej
Cov khoom xyaw ntawm cov neeg sawv cev thiab cov tshuaj tua kab mob
Tshem cov kab mob stains thiab tua cov kab mob: qee cov tshuaj tua kab mob tuaj yeem muaj cov khoom siv phuaol, uas tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov stains thiab tua cov kab mob. Hauv lub neej txhua hnub, cov tshuaj ntxuav tsev ua noj, chav ua noj kom huv si xws li roj thiab tshuaj tua kab thiab nyiam huv ntawm lub tsev ib puag ncig.
Cov khoom xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj ntxuav tes
Cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tiv thaiv khaus: Phenol feem ntau ntxiv rau cov tshuaj ntxuav tes los siv nws cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab anti khaus. Siv tau cov tshuaj ntxuav tes, da dej, thiab lwm yam. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum siv nws, kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau them nyiaj kom zam dhau xab npum los ntawm kev nkag mus rau cov plaub hau thiab qhov ncauj kom tsis txhob muaj voos.
Organic Synthemes Raw Khoom
Tsim cov organic molecules: Phenol feem ntau siv ua cov khoom siv raw rau lwm cov organic sib xyaw los ntawm ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg hauv chav kuaj. Piv txwv li, Phenol tuaj yeem hnov mob nrog halogenated hydrocarbons los ua ether compounds; Nws tseem tuaj yeem hla cov tshuaj tiv thaiv esterification nrog cov carboxylic acids los tsim cov khoom siv ester. Cov organic sib txuas no muaj cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb rau hauv teb xws li kev tsim tshuaj thiab cov ntaub ntawv kev tshawb fawb. Los ntawm cov organic synthesis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm phenol, ntau yam ua qauv organic molecular tuaj yeem tsim tawm, muab lub hauv paus rau cov khoom siv thiab kev tshawb fawb txog cov tshuaj tshiab.
Tshuaj lom neeg tshuaj lom neeg reagents
Nrhiav kom tau txais thiab kom ntsuas:Phenol HmoovYuav siv tau los ua lub reagent hauv kev sim tshuaj lom neeg thiab tsom xam kom pom thiab muaj nuj nqis txheeb xyuas qee yam khoom. Piv txwv li, Phenol tuaj yeem yauv mus ua ib qho kev sib txawv nrog cov khib nyiab hlau los ua cov ntshav sib dhos. Cov cuab yeej no tuaj yeem siv los txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau pom muaj cov tshuab hlau sib xyaw ua ke, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov txiv kab ntxwv sib xyaw ua ke los ntawm cov qauv hlau. Ib qho ntxiv, Phenol tuaj yeem koom nrog qee qhov kev cuam tshuam oxidation-txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov nyom thiab lwm yam, rau kev tsom xam ntawm lwm yam tshuaj.
Phenol tuaj yeem npaj tau los ntawm Sulfonation, cumene, cumorobenzene hydrolysis, bude phenol refining, benzene oxidation thiab toluene oxidation. Sulfonation hom thiab cumene txoj kev yog siv nyob rau hauv Suav teb.
Nyob rau hauv lub Sulfonation hom, benzene yog siv los ua cov khoom siv roj hmab, sulfuric cov kua qaub yog siv rau alkali melting, thiab cov khoom lag luam tau npaj los ntawm sulfonation thiab nqus cov distillation.
Cumene txoj kev yog los tsim cumene los ntawm propylene thiab benzene raws li qhov kev txiav txim ntawm txhuas trichloride catalyst. Cumene yog oxidized los tsim cumene peroxide, uas yog decomposed los ntawm sulfuric acid lossis resin. Phenol thiab acetone tau txais ib txhij. Txog 0. 6T acetone yog coline ua rau ib tuj phenol.
Kev Tshawb Pom Keeb Kwm ntawm Phenol -- Tus kws muag khoom German FREGIST FRGE FDE hauv 1834, yog li nws tseem yog hu ua carbolic acid. Nws yog tus kws kho mob British lub npe nrov Askiv Liszt uas ua phenol npe nrov thawj zaug. LISZT pom tias cov neeg mob feem coob tuag los ntawm qhov txhab kab mob. Qee zaum, Dilute Phenol kev daws teeb meem tau siv los tsuag cov twj paj nruag phais thiab cov kws kho mob txhais tes. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov neeg mob tus kab mob raug txo qis. Qhov kev tshawb pom no ua rau phenol phais kab mob muaj zog. Liszt yog li ntawd hu ua "txiv ntawm kev phais mob".
Vim tias Benzene lub nplhaib hauv cov qauv, Phenol tuaj yeem hla cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hloov khoom zoo ib yam li Benzene ntawm lub nplhaib, xws li nitration thiab halogenation. Piv nrog cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm benzene, nws tuaj yeem pom tias cov hloov chaw nyob rau ntawm phenol nplhaib yog yooj yim dua li ntawm benzene. Qhov no vim tias cov pab pawg hydroxyl muaj hluav taws xob pub hluav taws xob, uas nce qhov ntom ntom, uas nce lub ntom ntom ntawm benzene nplhaib electron huab. Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias lub tshuab hluav taws xob hloov cov phenol ib txwm tshwm sim hauv Ortho thiab Para txoj haujlwm ntawm cov pab pawg hydroxyl. Qhov no yog qhov nquag ntawm hydroxyl isoelecron cov pab pawg.
Tshuaj lom neeg cov khoom ntawm Phenol:Phenol Hmoovtuaj yeem nqus noo noo hauv huab cua thiab liquefy. Nws muaj cov ntxhiab tsw tshwj xeeb, thiab cov kev daws teeb meem tsis tshua muaj tshuaj muaj qab zib. Tsis tshua muaj corrosive. Muaj zog tshuaj lom neeg muaj peev xwm. Nws cuam tshuam nrog Aldehyde thiab Ketone los ua cov phenolic resin, bisphenol a thiab acetic anhydride; Slicylic acid reacts los tsim cov penyyl acetate thiab salicylate. Nws tseem tuaj yeem ua halogenation, hydrogenation, oxidation, alkylation, carboxylation, Esterification, Esterification, Etherification thiab lwm yam kev tawm tsam. Phenol yog cov khoom ntawm cov kub ib txwm thiab tsis tuaj yeem hnov mob nrog sodium du. Yog tias txoj kev ntawm cov cua sov thiab melting phenol thiab ntxiv cov pa roj av yooj yim, thiab cov xim phenol hloov thaum cua sov, uas cuam tshuam rau kev sim ua haujlwm. Qee tus neeg tau txais yuav cov hauv qab no hauv kev qhia, uas yog qhov yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam thiab tau ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig kev sim ua tau zoo. Ntxiv 2-3 ml ntawm anhydrod ether rau lub raj ntsuas, nqus cov roj av, nqus daim ntawv nrog lub taub lim, thiab muab tso rau Etaws. Nws tuaj yeem pom tias cov sodium tsis cuam tshuam nrog ether. Tom qab ntawd ntxiv ib qho me me ntawm phenol mus rau lub raj kuaj thiab oscillate. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, nws tuaj yeem pom tias sodium reacts sai sai nyob rau hauv kev sim raj los tsim roj ntau. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov kev sim no yog phenol yog yaj nyob rau ether yog li ntawd cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm Phenol thiab Sodium tuaj yeem ua kom yooj yim.
Cim npe nrov: Phenol hmoov cas 108-95-2, cov chaw muag khoom, chaw tsim khoom, Hoobkas, yuav, nqe, loj, rau muag