Chloramine - t hmoov, tseem hu ua n -} chlorotriphenylmetylmetherite, yog ib tug neeg oxidant thiab chlorinating tus neeg sawv cev. Cov tsos yog tus dawb rau lub teeb daj cov hmoov zoo nrog hygroscopicity. Nws cov molecular hnyav yog 290.5, CAS 127-65-1, thiab cov mis molecular yog c19h46Clno2. Nws yog cov soluble heev hauv dej, nrog solubility ntawm txog 76 g / 100 ml dej, thiab tso tawm ntau npaum li cas ntawm tshav kub. Nws kuj yooj yim soluble hauv cov kuab tshuaj muaj kuab tshuaj xws li ethanol, c vivfoform, thiab acetone. Nws muaj qaug zog acidity thiab tuaj yeem ionize hydrogen ions hauv dej, yog li nws tuaj yeem siv ua cov kua qaub. Lub caij no, nws tseem muaj qaug zog Alkalinity thiab tuaj yeem lees txais hydroxide ions. Chloramine t tus qauv yog ib qho Diaer tsim los ntawm Tripherylmetylmetherite Eons thiab chloride ions, muaj lub nplhaib benzene thiab chlorine atoms. Nws yog qhov muaj zog oxidizing thiab chlorinating tus neeg sawv cev uas tuaj yeem yauv hla cov tshuaj redebox nrog ntau yam khoom. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem tawm tsam nrog cov tshuaj xws li cov kua qaub thiab hauv paus. Chloramine T siv, raws li ib qho oxidant ib txwm thiab chlorinating tus neeg sawv cev, tuaj yeem yauv tawm cov khoom noj redebox nrog ntau cov tshuaj. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem tawm tsam nrog cov tshuaj xws li cov kua qaub thiab hauv paus. Nws muaj ntau yam kev lag luam.
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Tshuaj Cov Qauv |
C7h7ClnNNNA2s |
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Muaj pes tsawg leej |
226.98 |
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Molecular hnyav |
227.64, |
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m/z |
226.98 (100.0%), 228.98 (32.0%), 227.98 (7.6%), 228.97 (4.5%), 229.98 (2.4%), 230.97 (1.4%) |
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Kev Ntsuam Xyuas |
C, 36.93; H, 3.10; Cl, 15.57; N, 6.15; Thiab, 10.10; O, 14.06; S, 14.08 |
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1. Chloramine - t yuav tsum muaj 23 ~ 26% ntawm muaj crorine, uas yog sib npaug rau 91.5 ~ 100% ntawm c7h7clnnao2s · 3H2o hauv chloramine t. Raug nyob rau hauv cov huab cua, nws yuav maj mam decompose thiab poob cov chlorine zoo, yog li nws yuav tsum muab khaws cia rau hauv cov thawv ntim khoom thiab muab khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw qhuav thiab txias.
2. Ib feem ntawm Chloramine T yuav yaj nyob rau hauv 7 ntu ntawm dej txias (15.5 degree) lossis 2 ntu ntawm cov dej kub. Chloramine T yog ib qho oxidant me me hauv nruab nrab nruab nrab lossis alkaline. Thaum rhuab, ib qho loj ntawm cov pa oxygen yuav raug tso tawm. Qhov no hom ecologen ecialgen tuaj yeem oxidize cov xim puab thiab ploj mus, thiaj li ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ua kom dawb.
3. Chloramine t decomposes tsausmuag hauv acidic nruab nrab thiab tso tawm oxygen, uas yog qhov nyuaj rau kev tswj hwm. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ua kom dawb nrog chloramine t hauv nruab nrab kev daws teeb meem. Hauv lwm lo lus, ncaj qha tshem tawm chloramine t nyob rau hauv dej, cua sov nws los yog ncaj qha rau nws nrog dej kub, thiab nws cov peev xwm ua tau zoo.
Chloramine - t hmoov(CAS naj npawb 127 {{- 65-1, molecular muaj cov ₇ clnnat compense, kuj yog coproramine t, textile, thiab lwm yam.
1. Kev tua kab mob ntawm cov qhov txhab thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab
Nws yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob zoo nkauj hauv kev phais cov chlorine, nrog cov chlorine ruaj khov ntawm 24}} 25%, thiab ua tiav ntev kom muaj cov kua nyeem kom zoo nkauj. Daim phiajcim thov tshwj xeeb muaj xws li:
Kev ntxuav ntxhua: Ncaj dinsing nrog 1-2% kev daws teeb meem yuav ua tau zoo tua cov pathogens ib txwm muaj xws li Staphylococcus aureus thiab Eschchia Coli. Cov ntaub ntawv hauv tsev kho mob los ntawm lub tsev khomob tertiary T Txhawm rau kho tus mob thib ob los ntawm 18% piv rau kev kho cov tshuaj ib txwm muaj iodine.
Mucosal kev tua kab mob: 0.1-0.2% kev daws teeb meem yog siv rau cov chaw siv tshuaj tua kab mob xws li cov kab noj hniav tsis muaj zog, thiab qis dua li ntawm ethanol raws cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Lub chloramine t qhov ncauj tsim los ntawm lub tuam txhab biopharmaceutical hauv Wuhan tau dhau lub National ANTE ua ntawv pov thawj.
Kom tsis muaj menyuam ntawm cov cuab yeej siv kho mob: ua ke nrog ultrasonic tu cov khoom siv ntawm cov kev ua kom tsis muaj menyuam yaus, ua tiav tus nqi tsis muaj menyuam ntawm 99.999%.
2. Xyaum kev haus dej nyab xeeb
Hauv kev teb kev noj qab haus huv, nws yog qhov tshuaj tua kab mob zoo tshaj plaws rau cov dej haus:
Kev sib faib ua ntu zus: diluted ntawm ib tug sib piv ntawm 1: 250000 (piv txwv li} mg / l), nws tuaj yeem ua ke tsis muaj mob ntawm cov dej muaj kab mob vibrio thiab tus kab mob siab hom.
Hom Phiaj Sib Haum: Piv rau cov tshuaj ua kom qhuav dej, nws tsis tsim carcinogenic los ntawm - cov khoom xws li Trihalomethanes. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tsav ntawm cov khoom siv dej ua kom dej, tom qab siv chloramine t kev sib tsoo hauv cov tshuaj yeeb dej hauv lub Hoobkas nce mus rau 98.7%.
Kev Thov Thaum Muaj Xwm Ceev: Thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev xws li nyab xeeb thiab lwm yam kev puas tsuaj, yog 5% tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo, ua rau muaj kab mob sib kis tau zoo.
3. Khoom cua ntawm sulfonamide tshuaj
Raws li ib tug organic synthesis nruab nrab, nws yog irreplaceable hauv kev lag luam kws tshuaj
Kev tsim cov sulfamethoxole: nyob rau hauv alkaline tej yam kev mob, nws reactsine nrog 4 {{1} {{2} {2} {2} {{2} {2} {2} {2} Cov qoob loo ntawm cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau dua 85%.
Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Yeeb Tshuaj: Los ntawm kev siv nws cov oxidizing cov khoom, nws tuaj yeem siv ua iodine lub tsev pheeb suab rau kev txiav txim siab cov ntsiab lus xws li vitamin C thiab Adrenaline. Lub koom haum siv yeeb tshuaj kuaj tshuaj tau muab cov tshuaj chloramine t}}}} cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ntawm cov vitamin C nrhiav tau 0.1 μ G / ML.
Textile Printing thiab Dyeing: Kev Tawm Tsam Tshiab Ntawm Cov Tshuab Dawb Cov Tshuab
1. Cog fixing Fixing
Raws li hom tshiab ntawm oxidative tshuaj dawb tus neeg sawv cev,chloramine - t hmoovyog maj hloov ib txwm sodium hypochlorite:
Txheej txheem tsis: Kho cov ntuj ntawm cov paj rwb thiab hemp nrog 0-20% thiab tswj kev poob zoo ntawm 5%.
Ib puag ncig cov txiaj ntsig: Tus nqi cod ntawm cov tshuaj pleev tshuaj pleev kom tsawg los ntawm cov txheej txheem hypochlorite, thiab nws tsis muaj adsorbable organic fab (AOX). Tom qab rov kho dua tshiab ntawm qee qhov luam tawm thiab cuam lub lag luam dyeing, txhua xyoo tus nqi kev phom sij tau raug txo los ntawm ntau dua 2 lab.
Cov khoom siv hloov tau: Tau tshaj tawm cov khoom siv khov kho kom huv si, tsis tas yuav tsum muaj qhov loj - scale kev hloov khoom dua tshiab.
2. Oxidation Desister Txheej Txheem
Hauv kev ua ntej - kev kho theem ntawm cov paj rwb ntaub, tshwj xeeb zoo tau ua kom pom:
Rov qab ua hauj lwm zoo: Thaum ua ke nrog pectinase, nws tuaj yeem ua kom tiav PVA slurry tshem tawm tus nqi ntawm ntau tshaj 95% ntawm 60℃piv rau cov khoom siv alkaline.
Npuag Kev Tiv Thaiv: Los ntawm kev tswj hwm cov oxidation muaj peev xwm, thiab cov ntaub wool los ntawm kev kho cov ntaub tau zoo dua los ntawm 2cm / 30min, tsim cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev ua kom tawg.
Dej Kho Ua Teb: Ib qho cuab yeej muaj zog rau kev kho dej kom muaj dej khiav
1. Kev kho mob ntawm cyanide uas muaj dej khib nyiab
Cov cuab yeej siv oxidization muaj zog ntawm chloramine t tuaj yeem ua tau zoo decompose tau zoo heev rau cov Cyees
Cov kev hloov pauv: nyob rau hauv PH 9 {- 10 qhov xwm txheej, CN ⁻ yog oxidized mus rau cno ⁻, uas yog ntxiv hydrolyzed los co ₂ thiab nh α. Ib lub Hoobkas electroplating ua rau chloramine t-ferrous sulfate sib xyaw ua ke los txo cov cyanide concentration ntawm 500mg / l rau hauv qab 0.5mg / l.
Kev khwv nyiaj txiag: Tus nqi them yog txo los ntawm 45% piv rau Ozone oxidation txoj kev, thiab tsis tas yuav muaj peev txheej hauv siab {{1} cov khoom siv siab.
2. Dyeing Wastewaterater Kev Txiav Txim Siab
Rau cov tshuaj pleev xim rau cov dej khib nyiab, nws ua kom pom cov nyhuv zoo tshaj plaws:
Cov txheej txheem kev mob: ntxiv 200mg / l chloramine t ntawm 30 degree, thiab tom qab 60 feeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, lub cim tshem tawm tus nqi txog 65% thiab cov chromaticity txo los ntawm 90%.
Cov nyhuv synergistic: thaum ua ke nrog fenton reagent, nws tuaj yeem shorten cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub sijhawm mus rau 30 feeb thiab zam kev ua qias tuaj ntawm cov kab ntsig sib xws ntawm cov kab mob.
1. Redox Punration
Raws li tus qauv oxidant, nws yog dav siv hauv kev ntsuas tshuaj chemistry:
Sodium Thiosulfate Calibration: Nyob rau hauv acidic tej yam kev mob, nws ntxhov siab nrog rau kev tsim kho tau los ntawm sodium thiosulfate sib txawv ntawm tsawg dua 0.2%.
Cov Ntsiab Lus Kev Txiav Txim Hauv Cov Yeeb Tshuaj: Chloramine t potentiometric telration qauv yog siv los txiav txim siab cov kev siv cov tshuaj nquag ua xws li cov tshuaj aspirin thiab acetaminophen.
2. Qhov taw qhia system
Nws cov khoom Redox ua rau nws yog qhov ntsuas tau zoo tshaj plaws:
Kev txiav txim siab endpoint los ntawm Iodometric Txujci: Nyob rau hauv muaj cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, ua rau kuv pom cov lus qhia xiav, nrog rau qhov kawg ntawm cov khoom siv 0.1mL.
Cov hlau hnyav nrhiav tau: ua ke nrog diphenylthiocyananate, nws tuaj yeem siv rau kev sib tw hnyav xws li cov hmoov txhuas thiab Mercury, nrog rau kev txwv tsawg li 0.01mg / l.
Kev nthuav dav ntawm cov ntawv thov nthuav dav
1. Forgent Fungicides
Nws muaj kev tswj cov nyhuv ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo anththracnose thiab zaub downy mildew:
Kev tshawb fawb: Qhov tshwm sim ntawm anthrax yog 37% qis dua li ntawm pawg tswj thaum 0.3% Chloramine T daws teeb meem yog cov kab uas muaj kuab paug xws li bees.
Cov Chaw Tswj Xyuas Kev Tswj Xyuas: los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua daim ntawv thov luv (14 hnub / sijhawm), tus nqi seem ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog qis dua EML Txuj (0.01MG / kg).
2. Khoom cua ntawm nanomaterials
Raws li oxidant koom tes nrog nanoparticle npaj:
Synthesis ntawm cov nyiaj nanoparticles: hauv chloramine t} pvp system, kheej kheej tau tswj hwm kom npaj tau, thiab qhov ntsuas tsis tau: PDI) tsawg dua 0.2.
Quantum DOT hloov kho: los ntawmchloramine - t hmoovKev kho mob oxidation, qhov tsis xws luag ntawm CDSUM cov khoom siv tau txhim kho, nce lawv cov fluorescence ntau tau rau 65%.
Chloramine T yog ib qho tseem ceeb organic compound tau siv dav hauv cov kab ke xws li cov khoom siv roj hmab, thiab tshuaj chhlorine roj av yog ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem ib txwm siv.
P {- Toluesulforulfony yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv raw rau synthesization cov kev tawm tsam ntawm p- toluesulfony. Cov kauj ruam tshwj xeeb yog raws li hauv qab no:
(1) Sib tov Toluene thiab chlorosulfonic acid thiab hnov mob ntawm ib qho kub kom tau p - toluesulfony.
C6H5Ch3 + Grops3H → C6H5Ch2Yog li3H + hcl
(2) Thaum lub sij hawm cov kev tshuaj tiv thaiv, kev saib xyuas kom tswj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kub thiab sijhawm los tiv thaiv kev kub ntxhov ntau dhau los lossis kev txiav txim siab ntawm Toluenesulfony. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ua cov kev ua kom muaj kev ua kom haum xws li cov khoom tiv thaiv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom tau siab p} toluesulfonide.
Cov kev tawm tsam zoo yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev qhia cov roj ntsha qhia ammonia roj rau hauv p} toloride kom tsim kom muaj n} toluesulforulfamine. Cov kauj ruam tshwj xeeb yog raws li hauv qab no:
(1) Qhia txog qee tus nqi ntawm P - toluesulforing (xws li so kom haum ntawm alkicacide, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm qhov kub thiab siab.
C6H5Ch2Yog li3H + 2 nh3 + Naoh → c6H5Ch2Yog li2Tus niam2Ch3 + 2H2O
(2) Thaum lub sijhawm cov kev tshuaj tiv thaiv, kev saib xyuas kom tswj tau cov mob xws li kev kub ntxhov, thiab ammonia tswv yim los xyuas kom meej meej ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ua cov kev ua kom muaj kev ua kom haum xws li cov khoom tiv thaiv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv n} p} toluesulforulfamine.
Alkaline ntsev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm n {p} p} p} p} p} toluesulfaDaum ntsev. Cov kauj ruam tshwj xeeb yog raws li hauv qab no:
(1) Sib tov ib qho nqi ntawm n- p} p} toluenesulfaLamine nrog kua kub kom tau n} p} toluesulfaDaum ntsev.
C6H5Ch2Yog li2Tus niam2Ch3 + Naoh → c6H5Ch (huag) li ntawd2Tus niam2Ch3Na
(2) Thaum lub sij hawm cov kev tshuaj tiv thaiv, kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau them rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kub thiab sijhawm los tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntau dhau los lossis kev rhuav tshem. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ua cov kev ua kom muaj kev ua kom haum xws li cov khoom tiv thaiv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv?
Cov chlorination tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov tshuaj chlorine cuam tshuam nrog cov kauj ruam dhau los nrog cov roj chloramine T. Cov kauj ruam tshwj xeeb yog raws li hauv qab no:
(1) Ib qho nqi ntawm n {{1} p} p} p} p- tolrium roj av thiab cov tshuaj chhlorary t thiab sodium chloride.
C6H5Ch (huag) li ntawd2Tus niam2Ch3Na + cl2 → C6H5Ch (CL) yog li2Tus niam2Ch3Na + nacl + hcl
(2) Thaum lub sij hawm cov kev tshuaj tiv thaiv, kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau them rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kub thiab sijhawm los tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntau dhau los lossis kev rhuav tshem. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua cov kev ua kom muaj kev ua kom muaj kev ua kom haum zoo xws li cov khoom siv tsis sib haum ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom tau siab- purityChloramine - t hmoov.
Cim npe nrov: Chloramine - t hmoov cas 127-65-1, cov chaw tsim khoom, chaw tsim khoom, chaw tsim khoom, yuav khoom, khoom, rau muag