Hydrogen Bromide Kua, cov tshuaj siv tshuaj lom neeg yog HBR, Cas 10035-10-6. Nws yog cov roj uas tsis muaj kob uas muaj ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab tsw thiab corrosiveness, thiab feem ntau pom tias yog xim grey lossis daj lossis xim daj. Nws yog gaseous ntawm qhov ntsuas kub ib txwm, tab sis tuaj yeem ua kom haum rau hauv cov kua lossis khoom tawv. Nws yog heev soluble hauv dej nyob rau hauv chav tsev nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, muaj qhov muaj zog pungent tsw thiab yog xeb. Muaj kev muaj zog muaj zog nrog dej, yog li nws yooj yim soluble hauv dej. Nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntsuas hluav taws xob siab, ntawm 20 degree, qhov siab tshaj plaws solubility yog 68.9 g / 100 ml, thiab nws solubility yuav txo qis raws li kub nce ntxiv. Nws muaj kev txom nyem thermal ruaj khov thiab yooj yim rau kev txiav txim siab. Nws tuaj yeem decomposed rau hauv hydrogen thiab bromine nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab kub siab. Tus qauv kev tsim qauv ntawm kev tsim yog -36. 4 KJ / Mol. Nws yog cov yeeb yam tsis muaj zog uas tuaj yeem tsim h + ions thiab br- ions los ntawm kev txiav txim siab dej. Yog li ntawd, nws muaj qee yam hauv dej.
|
Tshuaj Cov Qauv |
Tus kuam |
|
Muaj pes tsawg leej |
80 |
|
Molecular hnyav |
81 |
|
m/z |
80 (100.0%), 82 (97.3%) |
|
Kev Ntsuam Xyuas |
Br, 98.75; H, 1.25 |
Hydrogen bromide yog ib qho tseem ceeb inorganic compound nrog ntau cov ntawv thov.
1. Kev lag luam lag luam:
Hydrogen bromide yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam kev npaj ntawm bromide thiab organic tebchaw, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj cov kua qaub-catalalyzed kev tawm tsam. Nws tuaj yeem raug siv los ua cov acid catalyst, xws li hauv kev npaj cov organic sib txuas xws li styrene, isobutylene thiab isozetone. Ib qho ntxiv, nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev npaj ntawm semiconductor cov ntaub ntawv hauv cov txheej txheem hluav taws xob thiab hauv cov txheej txheem ntau lawm ntawm iav, ceramics thiab lwm yam kev lag luam.
2. Cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm:
Hydrogen Bromide KuaKuj tseem siv tau rau hauv kev tsim cov tebchaw xws li thiols, amines thiab esters, raws li cov ntaub ntawv raw thiab intermediates rau tshuaj tua kab thiab kws tshuaj. Hauv kev thaj teb Organic synthesis, kev siv lub ntsiab ntawm hydrogen bromide yog hloov nitriles rau aldehydes thiab hloov mercaptans rau carbon disulfide.
3. Tus neeg sawv cev dej:
Hydrogen bromide tuaj yeem siv hauv kev kho dej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev tshem tawm cov organic teeb meem thiab hlau ions hauv dej phwj nrog kev ua haujlwm siab. Nws tuaj yeem siv tau ua ke nrog catephol thiab lwm yam tshuaj kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig dej ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig.
4. Kev lag luam kho mob:
Hydrogen bromide tseem siv tau dav hauv cov teb kho mob. Nws tuaj yeem siv los npaj tej yam tshuaj thiab tshuaj tua kab mob, flurbiprofen thiab omeprogrofen thiab omepropensable lub luag haujlwm hauv kev ua kom loog thiab analgesics.
5. Kev txheeb xyuas Chemistry:
Hydrogen bromide yog ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj tseem ceeb rau kev tshuaj ntsuam thiab tshawb pom los ntawm cov roj chromatography. Nws tuaj yeem raug siv ua tus qauv thiab txheej txheem sab hauv los txiav txim siab qhov ntau ntawm cov organic paug hauv cov qauv orge. Tsis tas li ntawd, hydrogen bromide tseem tuaj yeem siv los npaj cov txheem roj sib tov.
6. Kev Tshawb Fawb:
Hydrogen bromide yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv lub cev thiab tshuaj sim hauv kev tshawb fawb hauv kev tshawb fawb. Nyob rau hauv quantum cov qauv ua qauv thiab siv cov pob zeb hydrogrime, cov hnab nyiaj hydrogen siv tau tuaj yeem siv los khaws cov neeg tshawb xyuas ib ntus thiab tshawb pom. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, hydrogen bromide tseem siv nyob rau hauv lub computer-aided tsim ntawm cov tebchaw, thiab twv ua ntej ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kinetics.
Qhov saum toj no yog ntau yam kev siv ntawm hydrogen bromide, los ntawm kev lag luam tsim, tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab kev tshuaj xyuas kev kho mob, kev tshawb nrhiav dej thiab tshawb fawb. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias thaum siv hydrogen kev cai, cov kev nyab xeeb kev nyab xeeb yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntseeg tau ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab siv cov txheej txheem.
Hydobromic acid (HBR) yog qhov tseem ceeb inorganic acid nrog ntau cov ntawv thov thiab cov piv txwv.
Kws Tshuaj Kho Mob
Hydobromic acid ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam kws tshuaj thiab feem ntau yog siv rau synthesizing ntau yam tshuaj.
Sedatives thiab ensesthetics
Scopolamine hydobromide: Qhov no yog cov tshuaj feem ntau siv sedative thiab antisemetic tshuaj, siv dav hauv chaw kuaj mob. Nws tuaj yeem ua tiav sedatation thiab antiemetic cov teebmeem los ntawm inhibiting lub nruab nrab ntawm cov leeg hlwb.
Lwm cov Sedatives thiab kev ua kom zoo nkauj: hydrobromic acid kuj tseem siv tau rau lwm cov sedatives thiab cov tshuaj loog, uas muaj ntau cov kev siv hauv kev kho mob.
Antiepileptic
Hydobromic acid gabapentin: qhov no yog cov tshuaj siv antiepileptic uas tuaj yeem tswj cov qaug dab peg epileptic. Nws ua tiav cov kev sib txawv los ntawm kev tswj hwm cov kev sib kis ntawm neurotransmitters thiab txo cov neeg neuronal.
Tus neeg sawv cev tua kabmob
Ib co derivbic ntawm hydobromic acid: qee cov derivbic acid muaj cov tshuaj acid muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tuaj yeem siv los kho kab mob los ntawm cov kab mob. Cov derivatives no tuaj yeem ua kev puas tsuaj ntawm tes los yog membrane ntawm cov kab mob, yog li ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig cov khoom noj.
Ze Kev Lag Luam
Hydobromic acid, raws li cov khoom siv raw rau cov khoom siv hluavtaws hauv qhov xim zas xim, muab cov xim Riceb rau Textile Dowe.
Khoom cua zas xim
Brominated Dyes: Hurobromic acid tuaj yeem hnov mob nrog qee cov organic sib txuas los tsim brominated dyes. Cov neeg no muaj kev zas ntoo zoo heev thiab ruaj khov, uas tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov ntawv nyeem sib txawv.
Lwm cov DYES: Hurchromic acid kuj tseem siv tau los ua ke lwm yam dyes, antes dyes muaj ntau cov ntawv thov hauv cov ntawv thov hauv cov ntawv nyeem, luam ntawv thiab tawg.
Ze Qib Nruab Nrab
Brominated Intermediates: Hurlobromic acid tuaj yeem siv los ua ke nruab nrab nruab nrab, uas yog cov ntaub ntawv nyoos kom zas synthesis. Los kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab cov hom raw, intermediates nrog cov qauv sib txawv tuaj yeem npaj, thiab cov tuag nrog cov khoom sib txawv tuaj yeem ua ke.
Kev Lag Luam Kev Lag Luam
Hydrobromic acid yog siv nyob rau hauv txuj lom kev lag luam kom synthesize qee cov txuj lom, muab cov arm specific rau cov zaub mov thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce.
Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob
Brominated Flavors: Hurbobromic acid tuaj yeem hnov mob nrog qee cov organic sib txuas los tsim cov flominated fluminated. Cov txuj lom no muaj cov cim tshwj xeeb thiab tsw qab uas txhim kho cov kev xav ntawm cov zaub mov thiab cov tshuaj pleev ib ce.
Lwm yam tshuaj tsw qab:Hydrogen Bromide KuaKuj tseem siv tau los ua ke lwm yam ntawm cov tshuaj tsw qab, xws li ester Frainnces, dej cawv, thiab lwm yam no muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntau yam li cov zaub mov thiab tshuaj pleev ib yam.
Spy Intermediates
Brominated Intermediates: Hurrobromic acid tuaj yeem siv los synthesize txuj lom txuj lom, uas yog cov khoom siv raw tseem ceeb rau kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov txuj lom. Los ntawm kev kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab cov qauv raw, cov qauv sib txawv ntawm cov nruab nrab tuaj yeem npaj, uas tuaj yeem siv los ua ke cov tshuaj tsw qab nrog cov ntxhiab tsw.
Organic Synthesis
Hydobromic acid pab ua ib qho catalyst lossis reactant hauv synthic synthesis, koom nrog ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg.
Twj huam
Alkylation neeg: Hydrobromic acid tuaj yeem ua tus catalyst rau alkylation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, txhawb kev tawm tsam alkylation ntawm cov organic sib txuas. Qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv no muaj ntau cov kev siv hauv kev lag luam petrochemical thiab tuaj yeem tsim ntau yam khoom alkylated.
Lwm yam kev tawm tsam: hydobromic acid kuj tseem yog ib qho kev ua rau lwm hom kev tawm tsam, xws li cov kev tiv thaiv, thiab lwm yam.
Reactant
Hloov pauv kev hloov pauv: Hydrobromic acid tuaj yeem yog rau cov kev xav txawv txav nrog cov organic sib txuas los tsim cov organic sib txuas. Qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv no muaj ntau cov ntawv thov hauv cov khoom siv hauv cov organic thiab tuaj yeem npaj ntau yam khoom siv brominated.
Ntxiv rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: hydobromic acid kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog qee yam organic cov lus teb los tsim cov khoom ntxiv. Qhov kev tawm siab no tseem muaj ntau cov ntawv thov hauv cov suab hluav taws xob hauv nruab nrog cev.
Yaim Retardant Raug
Hydrobromic acid los yog nws cov derivatives tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov nplaim hluav taws retardants thiab txhim kho cov khoom hluav taws kub.
Kev npaj ntawm nplaim taws retardants
Bromine Raws Retardants: Hurbobromic acid los yog nws cov derivatives yuav muaj qee cov organic los tsim bromine raws cov nplaim taws. Cov nplaim hluav taws retardants muaj cov nplaim taws zoo retardant cov khoom thiab tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov hluav taws kub tsis kam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.
Lwm cov nplaim taws retardants: hurnobic acid kuj tseem siv tau los npaj lwm hom nplaim hluav taws xob tau muaj ntau yam tshuaj ntsuab, roj hmab, textiles, thiab lwm yam.
Daim ntawv thov ntawm nplaim taws retardants
Yas nplaim taws retardant: hydrogen bromide raws li cov nplaim hluav taws xob muaj ntau cov kev siv hauv thaj chaw uas muaj kev tiv thaiv hluav taws kub. Los ntawm kev ntxiv tus nqi tsim nyog ntawm nplaim retardant, plastics tuaj yeem tsim cov pa luam yeeb tsawg dua thiab cov roj to.
Roj Hmab Hluav Taws Retardant: Bromine Raws Retardants tseem tuaj yeem siv rau nplaim retardant kev kho cov roj hmab. Los ntawm kev ntxiv cov nplaim hluav taws retardants, cov nplaim hluav taws xob tiv thaiv roj hmab tuaj yeem hloov kho thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm hluav taws tuaj yeem txo.
Textile nplaim retardant: bromine raws li cov nplaim ci retardants tseem tuaj yeem siv rau nplaim retardant kev kho ntawm textiles. Cov txheej txheem txheej txheem tuaj yeem hloov kho tus kheej sai thaum lub sijhawm sib txuas, txo qhov kev phom sij ntawm cov hluav taws rau tib neeg.
Electroplating thiab metallurgy
Hydrobromic acid tuaj yeem siv los kho cov txheej txheem hlau hauv cov txheej txheem electrograting thiab metallurgy cov txheej txheem, txhim kho kev ua kom zoo nkauj thiab corrosion tsis kam ntawm cov hlau.
Hlau Kev Kho
Rust tshem tawm: hurbobromic acid tuaj yeem tawm tsam nrog cov kav dej xeb ntawm cov hlau ua kom tsim cov xeb ntawm cov hlau. Txoj kev ua no tau muaj cov ntawv thov dav hauv cov liaj teb ntawm electroplating thiab metallurgy.
Ci kev kho mob: hydrobromic acid kuj tseem siv tau rau kev kho cov hlau. Cov txheej txheem hlau saum npoo yog smoother thiab ci dua, txhim kho cov loog thiab siv tau ntawm cov hlau.
Hlau smelting
Kev rho tawm cov hlau: hurrobromic acid tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem rho tawm ntawm tej yam meuav. Los kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab cov khoom siv raw, meters ntawm cov nkauj sib txawv tuaj yeem npaj tau.
Lwm cov txheej txheem smeft: hydrobromic acid kuj tseem siv tau rau lwm cov txheej txheem smelting, xws li cov txheej txheem ntawm cov hlau, thiab lwm yam.
Kev ntsuas tshuaj anchister
Hydrobromic acid yog siv los ua tus reagent hauv kev tshawb xyuas kev txwv tsis pub siv cov ntsiab lus lossis cov khoom ntawm qee yam tshuaj.
Kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov khoom siv
Cov ntsuas hluav taws xob muaj zog: Hurobromic acid tuaj yeem siv los ua cov reagent rau cov kev ntsuas titration los txiav txim siab cov ntsiab lus ntawm qee yam khoom. Los ntawm lub tsev hais txog kev tshwm sim, kev xav lossis loj ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau kuaj yuav raug muab suav tau.
Spectrophhotometry: hurobromic acid kuj tseem tuaj yeem hnov cov qee yam kom tsim cov xim sib xyaw nrog cov xim tshwj xeeb. Los ntsuas ntsuas qhov nqus ntawm cov tebchaw no siv spectrophotometry, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau kuaj yuav raug muab suav tau.
Kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov khoom siv
Tshuaj lom neeg xws li:Hydrogen Bromide Kuatuaj yeem yauv cov tshuaj lom neeg nrog qee yam tshuaj kom tsim cov khoom lag luam nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb. Los ntsuas cov khoom ntawm cov khoom lag luam no, cov khoom ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau kuaj yuav ua tau.
Lwm txoj hauv kev ntsuas: hydrobromic acid kuj tseem siv tau rau lwm txoj kev ntsuas, thiab lwm yam cov hau kev no muaj ntau cov kev siv hauv kev tshuaj xyuas analytical.
Lwm Cov Ntawv Thov
Ntxiv rau cov chaw thov tseem ceeb tau hais los saum toj no, hydrobromic acid kuj muaj ntau lwm cov ntawv thov.
Kev npaj ntawm inorganic bromide
Sodium bromide, potassium bromide, thiab lwm yam .: Hydrobromic acid tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlau oxides lossis hlau hydroxides los tsim cov inorganic rau cov neeg bromgacic. Cov bromides no muaj ntau cov ntawv thov hauv kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg.
Kev npaj ntawm organic bromides
Bromomethane, bromoolhane, thiab lwm yam .: Hydrobromic acid tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov organic sib txuas los tsim cov organic bromides. Cov bromides no muaj ntau cov kev siv hauv cov liaj teb xws li tshuaj tua kab thiab tuag.
Raws li cov kuab tshuaj
Hlau cov ntxhia cov lus qhia: hydobromic acid tuaj yeem siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj rau qee cov hlau nplaum, rau cov hlau sib txuas lossis npaj cov hlau.
Raws li tus neeg sawv cev
Kev tawm tsam txo qis: hurbobromic acid tau kev txo qis thiab tuaj yeem koom nrog qee yam kev cuam tshuam txo qis raws li tus neeg sawv cev txo qis. Cov kev tawm tsam no muaj ntau cov ntawv thov hauv kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg.
Raws li tus neeg sawv cev sib cais rau cov pakxyl thiab phenoxy
Sib cais ntawm cov duab alkoxyl thiab phenoxy: hydrobromic acid tuaj yeem siv los cais alkoxyl thiab phenoxy tebchaw, uas muaj ntau cov ntawv thov hauv kev lag luam petrochemical.
Cov piv txwv thov
Nov yog qee qhov kev thov ua piv txwv ntawm hydobromic acid hauv cov teb tshwj xeeb.
Kws Tshuaj
Dexmedetomidine hydobromide: Qhov no yog ib feem siv hnoos txhad uas tau tawm txoj kev hnoos ntawm Centressing cov nyhuv cus nrho centery. Nws hnoos cov nyhuv nyhuv yog sib npaug los yog me ntsis rau kev hnoos, mob ntsws thaum mob khaub thuas, mob ntsws, thiab lwm yam ua pa sab saud.
Cov tshuaj hauv hydropromide: Qhov no yog tshuaj anticholceergic tsuas yog siv los daws cov leeg ua kom du, plab hnyuv suav, txhawm rau txhawm rau tshuaj lom.
Ziab
Brominated indigo zas xim: hurbromic acid tuaj yeem siv los ua ke brominated brominated indigo zas ua tau zoo thiab ruaj khov thiab tau siv dav hauv textile dowying.
Spice teb
Brominated Flavors: Hurbromic acid tuaj yeem siv los ua ke brominated brominated brominated, cov flavors uas txhim kho cov kev xav ntawm cov zaub mov thiab cov tshuaj pleev ib ce. Piv txwv li, qee yam brominated flavors tuaj yeem siv los npaj cov zaub mov lossis tshuaj pleev ib ce nrog cov flavors xws li vanilla thiab caramel.
Organic Synthesis Teb
Alkylation txawv: Hauv kev lag luam petrochemical, hydrobromic acid tuaj yeem ua ib qho kev tawm tsam rau alkylation rau alkanes ntawm alkanes thiab alkenes. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tuaj yeem tsim ntau yam khoom alkylated, xws li alkylbenzene, alkylnaphthalene, thiab lwm yam.
Nplaim retardant teb
Bromine Raws Retardants: Hurbobromic acid lossis nws cov derivatives tuaj yeem siv los npaj cov nplaim hluav taws xob thiab siv tau zoo heev retardant kev kho mob ntawm cov yas, roj hmab, textiles thiab lwm daim teb.
Hydrogen Bromide Kuayog ib qho tseem ceeb inorganic compound nrog ntau cov ntawv thov. Nws yog feem ntau npaj los ntawm cov txheej txheem hluavtaws hauv kev lag luam thiab kev kuaj mob.
1. Cov qauv hluav taws xob ncaj qha:
Cov xwm txheej ncaj qha yog ib qho ntawm cov kev coj ua rau kev npaj cov tshuaj hydrobromic acid thiab bromide. Nws ua rau hydrogen bromide los ntawm reacting hydrogen thiab hydrogen bromide hauv lub xeev kub:
H2(g) + br2(g) → 2hbr (g)
This reaction is a thermodynamic process that is performed more efficiently at high temperature (>400°C) and high pressure (>10 ATM). Hauv kev xyaum, ib qho nqus (xws li ag2O lossis NAOH) yog siv los nqus cov dej noo qhov chaw ntawm hydrobromic acid thiab ua kom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv acidic. Tom qab, lub hydobromic acid tau sib cais tawm ntawm cua txias. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhawm rau zam cov corrosion ntawm cov khoom siv los ntawm ozone tsim los thaum lub sij hawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, nws kuj tseem yuav ntxiv me me ntawm nyiaj oxide lossis lwm yam catalysts.
Txoj kev no tsis tuaj yeem siv rau cov ntsuas me me uas npaj tau vim yog qhov kev xav kub thiab cov kev xav siab siab. Tab sis hauv kev lag luam tsim khoom, nws yog ib txoj kev nyiam ua rau npaj cov tshuaj hydrobromic acid thiab bromide.
2. Kev Ua Haujlwm Synthesis Txoj Kev:
(1) ammonium bromide txoj kev:
Nyob rau hauv ammonium bromide txoj kev, ammonium bromide yog xub tsim:
Naj3(g) + hbr (g) → nh4Br (g)
Ammonium bromide thiab concenfated sulfuric acid yog ces sib xyaw thiab rhuab:
Naj4Br (s) h2Yog li4(l) → nh4Kev nyuaj siab4(s) + HBR (G)
Lub hydrogen bromide tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem sau los ntawm condenser. Txoj kev no yuav tsum siv cov tshuaj loj sulfuric, thiab nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias cov roj ntsha yog cov tshuaj lom tau li cas thaum ua haujlwm.
(2) sodium bromide txoj kev:
Nyob rau hauv sodium bromide txoj kev, khoom sodium bromide yog sib xyaw nrog cov sulfuric acid thiab rhuab:
2Nabr (s) h2Yog li4(l) aka na2Yog li4(s) + 2 hbr (g)
Lub hydrogen bromide tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kuj tseem tuaj yeem sau los ntawm cov condenser. Piv nrog ammonium bromide txoj kev, cov ntaub ntawv raw siv rau cov sodium bromide txoj kev yooj yim kom tau txais.
(3) Cuprous bromide txoj kev:
Hauv cov txheej txheem cupiged, kev daws ntawm cuplous chloride (CUCL) ntxiv rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dodecabodimodomodomodomodomodmethans (CBR2Kwj Cl2):
Txoj kab ke2(AQ) + CBR2Kwj Cl2(l) → cubr2(s) + ccl2(g)
Lub CBR2CL2 thiab CCL2 hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib xyaw yog tom qab ntawd yaj nrog dej thiab hloov mus rau HBR los ntawm Aeration. Hom no muaj cov khoom lag luam ntau dua thiab tus nqi qis dua, tab sis xav tau siv ntau npaum li cas ntawm CBR2CL2 thiab cuplous chloride.
(4) Sodium bromate txoj kev:
Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem sodium bromate txoj kev, sodium bromate yog thawj tsim:
Naoh (AQ) + Br2(l) + 2 co2(g) → Nhaco3(s) + Nabro3(s)
Sodium bromate yog tom qab ntawd tov nrog concentrated sulfuric acid thiab rhuab:
Nabro3(s) + 6H2Yog li4(l) → Naho4(s) + 3H2O (l) + 3 Yog li2(g) + 3 br2(g)
Lub hydrogen bromide generated hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem sau los ntawm condenser. Cov qauv no muaj kev ua haujlwm siab ntau thiab tseem tuaj yeem npaj lwm cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj txiaj ntsig nyob rau tib lub sijhawm.
3. Lwm cov qauv hluavtaws:
(1) Electrolysis txoj kev: hydrogen bromide tau los ntawm electrolyous daws, sib xyaw bromine roj thiab hydrogen roj ntawm lub electrode thiab tom qab ntawd sau lawv.
2Nabr (AQ) → 2na + (AQ) + 2 br-(AQ)
2H2O(l) → O2(g) + 4H+(aq) + 4 e-
2BR-(aq) + 2 e-BR2(g)
H2(g) + 2H+(aq) + 2 e- → 2H+(AQ)
(2) Kev kub siab rau cov kab mob siab: Cov qauv no tau txais hydrogen bromide los ntawm cov cua sov ammonium bromide lossis hydrobromic acid ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.
Naj4Br → nh3+ HBR
2Hb → h2+ BR2
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los npaj hydrogen bromide. Ntawm lawv, ncaj qha synthesis yog qhov feem ntau siv cov qauv hauv kev lag luam ntau lawm, tab sis yuav tsum muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb thiab cov tshuaj catalysts. Kev ncaj qha hluavtaws thiab lwm txoj hauv hluavtaws yog siv rau cov ntsuas me me thiab kev npaj tshwj xeeb. Tsis hais qhov twg siv tau siv, tus neeg teb xov tooj yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev ua haujlwm thiab kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb.
Hydrogen Bromide Kuayog ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke nrog ntau cov ntawv thov. Qhov kev tshawb pom kev paub ntawm hydrogen bromide yuav tau qhia hauv qab no.
Thaum ntxov li 1791, Fabkis Chemist Louis-Bernard Louiston de Moodton de Morveau thawj zaug ua ntej muaj tshuaj lom neeg thiab npe nws brome. Tab sis nws tsis tau mus txog xyoo 1826, thaum bromine yog nws tus kheej raug cais tawm ntawm cov neeg muaj txuj ci hauv hiav txwv, thiab tau raug lees paub tias yog tshuaj lom neeg tshiab. Tsom rau.
Lo lus hydrogen bromide tau hais thawj zaug los ntawm Berzelius nyob rau hauv nws 1826 raws li lub cav ntoo kom tau txais ib qho laj thawj hu ua "hydrogen bromide". Tab sis nws tsis tau paub tias qhov sib txuas no tau tsim los ntawm hydrogen ions thiab bromide ions, thiab nws xav tias nws tau sib xyaw ua ke "hydrogen bromide".
Ob peb xyoos tom qab ntawd, tus poj niam nrov nrov Fabkis Anoine Jérôme palard ywj pheej nyob rau hauv seawater nyob rau hauv seawater nyob rau hauv seawater nyob rau hauv seawater nyob rau hauv seawater nyob hauv seawater, txuas ntxiv lees paub Berzelius 'tshawb pom. Ua ke nrog lwm tus kab mob Frenchist, Joseph Louis Gay-ausas nrhiav kom tau xaus tias hydrogen bromide yog ib qho sib txuas ntawm hydrogen ions thiab bromide ions.
Xyoo 1829, British Chemist John Frederic Daniell siv tooj liab ua ib qho kev ua haujlwm los npaj hydrogen bromide hauv chav kuaj seb thawj thawj zaug. Qhov kev tawm tsam no yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw hydrogen thiab bromine dej thiab cua sov, uas tuaj yeem sawv cev los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv qab no:
H2(g) + br2(l) → 2hbr (g)
Hauv Daniell cov kev sim, tus tooj liab catalyst ua rau kom nrawm dua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Nrog kev txhim kho cov tshuaj txuas ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuas thev naus laus zis, tib neeg muaj kev tshawb fawb ntau dua ntawm hydrogen bromide. Hauv 1860, Fabkis Chemist Maumené nrhiav tau cov tshuaj lom ntawm hydrogen bromide, yog li Stricter cov kev cai tswj hwm thiab cov kev ua haujlwm.
Ntau thaj teb ntawm kev siv ntawm hydrogen bromide, xws li kev lag luam, tshuaj ntsuam xyuas, thiab lwm yam, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev siv tshuaj tshiab. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum siv hydrogen bromide, cov kev nyab xeeb kev nyab xeeb thiab cov kev ua haujlwm tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua raws kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntseeg tau.
Cim npe nrov: Hydrogen Bromide Kev daws qhov teeb ua ke 10035-10-6, cov chaw muag khoom, chaw tsim khoom, chaw tsim khoom, yuav khoom, khoom, loj, rau muag