Lead Hmoov Hmoov Li 7439-92-1

Ua hmoovYog xim hlau ua yeeb yam, uas yog xim dub rau cov hmoov dub hlau thiab cov loj tshaj plaws tsis yog xov tooj hluav taws xob hauv cov lus atomic hnyav. Txawm 7439-92-1, molecular formula PB, nws yog xim hlau txhuas yog lub ntsej muag nyob rau nruab nrab Crystal. Cov hlau lead yog ib txoj kev xeb-resistant hnyav tsis-ferrous hlau khoom. Lead muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev tawm tsam qis, muaj kev nkag siab nyuaj, thiab cov xim ntsuab, thiab feem ntau ua rau cov ntawv txheeb thiab cov kav dej. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam cov hauj lwm xws li kev lag luam tshuaj, cables, roj teeb tiv thaiv. Cov hmoov txhuas muaj lub siab ntom ntom, tsis muaj zog, qis boiling taw tes, siab boiling taw tes rau hluav taws xob thiab cua sov, thiab tuaj yeem nqus hluav taws xob. Yog li ntawd, nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv tau los tsim cov thawv rau cov ntaub ntawv xov tooj cua thiab ua cov khoom tiv thaiv.

Peb lub tuam txhab muab cov kev sib txawv raws li cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov hlau lead:

Kev npaj tsim tau ntawmUa hmoovFeem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev qhia ntawm hydrogen sulfide rau acidic ua cov tshuaj ua kua. Lub ntsiab ore ntawm cov hmoov txhuas nyob hauv qhov yog Galena, uas yog cov khoom siv nyoos rau smelting txhuas. Tom qab kev npaj thiab ua kom huv ntawm cov sulfide txhuas, nws tuaj yeem siv ua cov semiconductor. Kev pam tuag ntawm LED yog me dua li tus tooj liab, zinc thiab tin. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ore nyob rau hauv qhov yog sulfide ore, ua raws li los ntawm cov olide ore. LED Sulfide feem ntau yog tsim ntawm thawj Galena (PBS). Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ob peb tus coj sulfide ores, uas feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog sphalerite thiab yog kev sib sau ua txhuas-zinc ores. Lwm cov minerals uas cuam tshuam ntau zaus suav nrog cov nyiaj pyroxene (AG2S), Pyres2), Paranium, Interium, Tellurium, Tellurium thiab lwm yam tsis tshua muaj thiab tawg. Cov hmoov txhuas-zinc ore yog complex hauv kev sib xyaw, yog li nws yuav tsum tau smelted tom qab tau txais txiaj ntsig thiab txhawb ua ntej. LED oxide ore yog tsuas yog muaj raws li cov txhuas txhuas txhuas (PBCO3) thiab LED Vanadium (PBO4). Nws yog ib qho los ntawm cov ແ second່າ thiab feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib txheej sab saud ntawm sulfide ore lossis coexists nrog sulfide ore. LED muaj khib yog cov khoom tseem ceeb rau LED ntau lawm.

Lead yog cov khoom siv raw rau kev tsim cov roj teeb, cable, mos txwv, thiab mos txwv, ntxiv rau cov roj av ntxiv. Hmoov txhuas yog siv los ua cov ntaub ntawv raw rau pigments, iav, thiab roj hmab. Vim nws cov kua qaub zoo nkauj thiab cov roj alkali corrosion, LED hlau yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim khoom thiab cov khoom siv metallurgical. LED Alloy yog siv rau bearings, rooj noj mov hom kub, thiab soldering cov ntaub ntawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, Led tau tshawb pom qee cov siv tshiab. Yog tias siv raws li lub stabilizer rau asphalt kom aspective txoj haujlwm kev pabcuam ntawm txoj kev saum npoo; Siv rau kev tsim khoom nuclear fais fab cog cov ntaub thaiv npog thiab nuclear khib nyiab cia khoom rau kev hloov chaw hauv lub zog kev lag luam, thiab cov khoom siv magnetohydrododynamic.

 

1. Cov kua roj teeb
Ua hmoovAcid roj teeb (raug xa mus rau cov thawj coj-kua roj teeb) muaj keeb kwm ntau dua 150 xyoo txij li lawv cov lus qhia. Vim tias lawv tus nqi qis, paub tab, thiab ua tau zoo tshaj plaws, lawv tau dhau los ua cov roj ntsha ntau thiab feem ntau yog cov roj ntsha ntau ntxiv hauv cov hluav taws xob. Lawv tau siv dav hauv ntau lub sijhawm ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab lub neej ntev.
LED cov roj teeb cov roj ntsha tau raug muab tso rau los ntawm kev tawm tsam-lub xeev cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub peev xwm sib txawv ntawm lub xeev ntawm LED. Thaum lub roj teeb hluav taws xob, cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw ntawm ob cov hluav taws xob ua rau pbo4, thaum thaum lub sijhawm them, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau ua nyob rau hauv kev coj. Electrolyte sulfuric acid yog ib qho tshuaj nquag. Cov kev hloov pauv thiab tsis zoo yog tswj hwm los ntawm kev sib cais nag los siv cov tshuab hluav taws xob ntau dua li lub zog-lub xeev kev hloov pauv lossis ua kom haum mechanism. Cov qauv cell voltage rau cov thawj coj-acid roj teeb nyob hauv qab chav tsev yog 2.1 v.

 

2. Cable sheath
Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb yog tshuaj lom LED, LED Assocys muaj 1% antiess lossis arsenic, thiab coj aleslots muaj {1}}. 03% calcium lossis pleev xim. Kev siv cov hmoov txhuas ua cable sheath feem ntau yog cov haujlwm ntawm noo noo-pov thawj, tiv thaiv corrosion, thiab kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv. Cov hmoov txhuas siv hauv kev lag luam cable feem ntau yog rau cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab cov kev sib txuas lus cable. Txawm hais tias feem ntau ntawm cov hmoov txhuas ntawm cov hluav taws xob sib txuas lus hauv tsev tau hloov los ntawm lwm cov ntaub ntawv xws li cov qoob loo me me uas siv cov hmoov txhuas. Vim muaj kev txhawj xeeb ib puag ncig txawv teb chaws, kev siv cov tub hluas sib tw cable sheaths tau ua rau muaj kev sib cav sib ceg, tab sis cov tub tau siv hauv daim teb no tseem suav rau ib feem loj ntawm nws siv.

 

3. Cov Khoom Siv Tshuaj
Muaj ntau ntau qhov sib txuas lus siv hauv kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg. Ntawm no peb yuav tsuas yog qhia ob peb cov khoom siv dav. LED Ovide yog dav siv hauv cov tshuaj txhuam uas zoo li cov hmoov txhuas-acid cov roj teeb, thiab tuaj yeem siv los npaj lwm cov sib txuas lus LED; Liab LED yog ib qho tseem ceeb tiv thaiv cov txheej xeb siv los ua cov txheej txheem sab hauv thiab sab hauv cov txheej txheem los tiv thaiv cov hlau corrosion.
Qhov tseem ceeb tiv thaiv dawb tiv thaiv corrosion hauv kev lag luam yog cov carbonate, ua rau hypophosphite, coj cov phosphosilicate, thiab coj cov khoom muag silicate. LED borate yuav siv tau rau hauv iav tsim khoom, hluav taws xob ua kua hlau, thiab cov xim pleev xim kom qhuav; Cov nitrate txhuas siv hauv cov tshuaj thiab ore flotation. Ntxiv rau, LED Tshuaj Tshuaj kuj siv tau ua luminescent hauv cov khoom siv hauv tshuab hluav taws xob thiab xim Electronic ultra duab yas.
4. Cov Khoom Siv Tes
Ua txhuas alloy solder yog feem ntau hu ua cov mos mos, ntawm cov coj siv ntau dua thiab muaj keeb kwm ntev ntawm txhua cov ntaub ntawv vuam. Nws muaj qhov tsawg melting taw tes thiab tuaj yeem tsim nyog txuas cov hlau uas siv cov qauv cua sov yooj yim yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov thermal kev xav.

 

5. Cov khoom ua
LIS PHAJ
Feem ntau, cov khoom siv coj coj mus rau hauv cov phaj LED nyias nrog qhov dav ntawm tsawg dua 3.6 meters thiab cov phaj tuab}. 4 hli yog hnyav. Lead phaj, raws li cov ntaub ntawv txheej txheem, yog ib qho khoom lag luam tseem ceeb hauv Chemistry thiab cov khoom lag luam ntsig txog nws lub peev xwm tiv thaiv corrosion hauv ntau qhov chaw muaj kev sib cais. Tau kawg, nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv tau ua haujlwm tsim cov ntaub ntawv qauv, xws li ru tsev-corrosion thiab chav dej chav dej. Thaum LED cov phiaj tuaj rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov cement, lawv feem ntau yog txheej nrog ib txheej ntawm asphalt ntawm saum npoo. Raws li daim thaiv npog rau x-rays thiab gamma rays, nws yog ib daim ntawv thov zoo. Vim tias qhov kev nqus zoo heev thiab lub suab rwb thaiv tsev cov khoom ntawm LED, ntau tus coj LED cov phiaj kuj tseem siv rau kev poob siab thiab lub suab rwb thaiv tsev. Piv txwv li, steel thiab coj kev ua kom muaj kev ua kom muaj lub hauv paus hauv tsev los cuam tshuam txog kev tawm tsam ntawm kev co; Cov ntshiab tau nqus tau feem ntau ntawm lub zog seismic tso tawm thaum lub ntiaj teb, thiab hom kev poob siab no tau sim hauv av qeeg tsis ntev los no hauv Nyij Pooj.

 

tus kav hlau ua
Cov kav dej txhuas kuj tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv cov hmoov txhuas, siv tau dav hauv cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov dej ntws tawm. Nyem cov kav dej seamless siv siv tshuaj lom neeg LED lossis LED muaj 6%. Yuav luag txhua yam thicknesses ntawm cov kav dej thipses, xws li ntawm cov leeg ntoo nyias mus rau 300 hli lossis loj dua, muaj cov ntawv thov ntau lawm.
Hlau Luj Yaj Cov Khoom Siv
Hauv kev tsim kho cov khoom siv LED, ntxiv rau siv cov paib LED, kav dej, thiab cov junder, tseem yog coj mesh ntaub siv rau kev sib khi xau; Ib qho kev txiav txim siab ntawm lub LED Tin solder tau hais saum toj no, raws li qis melting point alloys alloys (alloys ntawm Led nrog Tin, Cadmium, ntu, thiab lwm yam. Qhov qis tshaj plaws melting taw tes nyob rau hauv tom kawg yog qis dua 100 degree, boiler plugs, thiab lwm yam nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv qub txeeg qub teg, thiab lwm yam nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv qub txeeg qub teg los tiv thaiv hluav taws xob los ntawm cov atmospheric atoms. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tsim cov khoom siv hauv Suav teb yog qhov me me heev, nrog txhua xyoo cov zis ntawm ib puag ncig 10000 tons.

 

6. Hmoov txhuas casting khoom siv
Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb casting rau cov hmoov txhuas yog cov pab pawg alloys thiab hom txhuas alloys; Cov khoom lag luam cam khwb cia suav nrog cov kabmob, cov paib LED, cov gaskets, thiab txawm tias muaj kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob loj loj.
7. Cov khoom siv ua kom haum
Ntxig cov ntawv LED nruab nrab ntawm ob daim ntawv Tin thiab yob lawv rau hauv ib qho tuab ntawm {} mm lossis thinner, feem ntau hu ua "txhuas ntawv". Siv rau kev tiv thaiv noo noo hauv kev tsim kho kev tsim kho, lossis ua kom anti oxidation ntawv nyiaj rau txiv hmab thiab champagne fwj. Ib txhia tseem siv hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob. Qhov no 'coj ntawv ci' yog dav thiab siv nyob txawv teb chaws. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qhov sib txawv hauv ob qho kev tsim khoom thiab daim ntawv thov hauv Suav teb. Ntawm chav kawm, ntau cov ntau thiab dav siv LED cov khoom siv tau ua los ntawm kev sib txuas nrog cov khoom siv muaj zog dua, uas muaj kev ua tau zoo dua li ob qho tib si cov ntaub ntawv. Lea tuaj yeem ua ke nrog hlau, qhob, cib, lossis lwm cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog, thiab cov khoom tsim nyog, thiab cov khoom tsim nyog, thiab cov khoom tsim nyog, thiab cov khoom tsim nyog, thiab cov khoom tsim nyog, thiab cov khoom tsim nyog, thiab cov khoom tsim nyog, thiab cov khoom tsim nyog corrosion thiab muaj zog. Txawm hais tias lub zog ntawm LED yas sib sau yog me ntsis qis dua, cov khoom siv sib xyaw muaj cov suab zoo nkauj rwb thaiv tsev ua haujlwm.

Cov khoom siv uas tau tsim qauv tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas nrog cov khoom ua ke nrog cov khoom siv tawv tawv muaj xws li:

Nyob rau hauv cov kub qub thiab nyob rau hauv huab cua, ib txheej ua oxide los yog yooj yim tus quasy yog yooj yim tsim rau saum npoo txhuas, uas ua rau cov hmoov txhuas poob lus thiab tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm ntxiv. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim los ua ke nrog Halogen thiab Sulfide los ua PBCL4, PBBS, thiab lwm yam tuaj yeem ua kom muaj cov roj txhuas kom tau txais cov hmoov txhuas tau txais. Nws reacrochloric acid kom tso hydrogen thiab tsim me ntsis soluble pbcl2, uas npog cov hmoov txhuas thiab nres cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Rov qab siv nrog cov kua qaub kub fydrochloric acid los tsim HPBCL3 thiab H2. Nws reacts nrog dilute sulfuric acid kom tso hydrogen thiab ua cov insoluble pbo4 txheej, uas nres cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yooj yim soluble hauv kub concentrated sulfuric acid los tsim PB (HSO4) 2 thiab emit so2. Ua rau Nitrate PB (No3) 2 tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm rilute nitric acid los yog concentrated nitric acid. Nws tuaj yeem yog yaj hauv cov organic acids xws li acetic acid nyob rau hauv aerobic tej yam kev mob los tsim solubble ua ntsev. Nws rov qab maj mam nrog cov alkali muaj zog tso tawm kom tso cov hydrogen los tsim cov sulfite. Nws reacts nrog dej nyob rau hauv muaj cov oxygen los ua insoluble pb (OH) 2.

Hmoov txhuas yog pib oxidized rau PBO2 thaum cua sov thiab yaj, thiab tom qab ntawd decomposed rau PBO tom qab cua sov. PB3O4 (piv txwv li cov txhuas) tsim thaum cua sov rau 603 ~ 723k. PB2O3 lossis PB3O4 yog qhov yooj yim rau distocociate los ua PBO ruaj khov ntawm qhov kub.

Ua hmoovyog heev nyob rau hauv so2. Coj tsis yooj yim reacts nrog dawb huv CO2. Cov dej zoo tib yam muaj me ntsis corrosion ntawm cov hmoov txhuas. Lead yog yooj yim soluble hauv nitric acid, bandofluoric acid, tab sis nyuaj solubric acid, tab sis nyuaj solloic acid, hydroforic acid, hydroflluoric acid nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub. Nh4oh daws lossis dilute naoh daws los ntawm huab cua tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov hmoov txhuas. Taug txhuas yuav yaj nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj nitrate. Lwm yam nitrates thiab chlorides yuav corrode txhuas corrode. Sulfate ntawm poov tshuaj, sodium, hlau thiab ammonia thiab carbonate thiab cyanide daws ntawm cov poov tshuaj tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov hmoov txhuas.

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