Cov tshuaj tsis yog-steroidal los tiv thaiv (NSAIDS) yog siv rau lawv cov tshuaj uas tau siv rau lawv (mob siab), tiv thaiv kev txo qis) txo cov khoom). Cov tshuaj no yog pob kws nyob hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm ntau yam kev mob, suav nrog kev mob caj dab, kev coj khaub ncaws coj khaub ncaws, mob taub hau, thiab cov kab mob mob. Tsis zoo li corticosteroids, NSAIDS tsis muaj cov qauv steroidal thiab feem ntau yog kev ua yeeb yam ntawm prostaglandins (Cox) enzymes muaj kev cuam tshuam rau hauv o, mob, thiab kub taub hau.
Muaj ob hom NSAIDs raws li lawv xaiv rau Cox enzymes: uas inhibit oblo {} {} {} {} {} {}}}}}}}}}}} Tus kws teeb meem cox -2 muaj. Hom tsis xaiv NSAIDS suav nrog ibuprofen, napbrofen, napbrofen, napboram, thaum veloxib yog piv txwv ntawm kev xaiv cox {6}}}}}} inhibitors.
Tshuaj mob taub hau, tseem hu ua acetylsalicylic acid, yog cov neeg ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov xyoo pua, yog lub koob npe nrov uas yog ib qho ntawm cov keeb kwm kev kho mob. Cov lus tshawb fawb no lub hom phiaj los tshawb txog cov tshuaj aspirin thiab lwm yam ntawm cov tshuaj aspirin thiab lwm yam ntawm kev ua, cov ntawv thov tshuaj, thiab cov tshwm sim los xij.
Peb muab cov tshuaj tsw qab aspirin hmoov be 50-78-2}}, Thov saib mus rau lub vev xaib hauv qab no kom cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws thiab cov ntaub ntawv.
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Mechanisms ntawm kev ua
Cov tshuaj tsis yog-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDS) ntau dua lawv cov kev kho mob feem ntau los ntawm kev ua ub no ntawm cyclooxygenase (COx) enzymes. Cov enzymes no catipy ntawm aracidonic acid mus rau hauv prostaglandins, uas yog cov kev kho mob kho mob nrog kev mob, kub taub hau, thiab o. Muaj ob qho isoforms ntawm cox: cox -1 thiab cox -2, txhua nrog cov haujlwm sib txawv thiab kev hais tawm.
Cox -1} yog nthuav tawm confutively qhia nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov ntaub so ntswg thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm hauv lub cev. Piv txwv li, nws ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv lub plab zom mov, kev pab tswj kom muaj kev noj qab haus huv hauv sab hauv cov kab mob thiab tiv thaiv mob rwj. Tsis tas li ntawd, cox {{-1 koom nrog cov ntshav ntawm lub raum khiav txaus, kom muaj kev yooj yim rau cov ntshav thiab txhawb lawv txoj haujlwm ib txwm muaj.
Hauv kev sib piv, cox {-2 yog inducible thiab feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cov hlwb thiab cov ntaub so ntswg. Nws cov lus qhia nce nyob rau hauv teb rau mob stimuli, pab txhawb rau kev tsim cov prostaglandins uas kho cov lus teb. Los ntawm inhibiting cox -2}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}, mob thiab ua npaws cuam tshuam nrog ntau yam kev mob.
Cov tshuaj aspirin thiab lwm NSAIDs inhibit ob co co -1 thiab cox {1}}, albeit nrog sib txawv. Cov tshuaj aspirin, tshwj xeeb, yog tus xaiv tsis xaiv, txhais tau tias nws block ob qho tib si isoforms. Qhov no tsis yog xaiv tau ua rau nws cov ntaub ntawv dav dav txuas tab sis kuj rau qee qhov ntawm nws cov kev mob tshwm sim.
Kho cov ntawv thov
Tshuaj mob taub hau
Cov tshuaj aspirin muaj ntau yam kev kho cov ntawv thov, suav nrog:
- Analgesic thiab antipyretic teebmeem: Los ntawm inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis, aspirin txo qhov mob thiab kub taub hau. Nws yog feem ntau siv los kho mob taub hau, mob hniav, thiab mob ib ce thiab mob mob.
- Anti-inflammatory teebmeem: Aspirin kuj ua pov thawj kev tawm tsam, ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig nyob rau hauv kev kho mob rheumatoid caj dab thiab lwm yam mob.
- Attipters kev sib cais: Cov tshuaj aspirin tsawg tau muab rau kev tiv thaiv cov kab mob plawv kev xws li kev tawm tsam plawv thiab cov hlua khi los ntawm kev ua kev sib cais.
Cov tshuaj sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj aspirin muaj qhov txawv txav kho. Cov koob tshuaj ntau yog feem ntau siv rau analgesia thiab antipyresis, thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsawg yog ua tau zoo hauv kev sib cais antipters.
Lwm yam NSAIDs
Lwm Nsaids, xws li ibuprofen thiab Diclofenac, kuj muaj analgesic, antipyretic, thiab anti-inflammatory yam ntxwv. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv txawv ntawm cov tshuaj aspirin nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm xaiv rau cox iSoforms thiab kev kho ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb thiab tshwj xeeb.
- Ibuprofen: Ibuprofen yog qhov muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb zoo, siv dav rau nws cov kev ua piv txwv thiab anti-inflammatory cuam tshuam rau cov mob xws li rheeoarthritists. Nws tau muaj cov antipless kev ua haujlwm thiab tsis yog siv rau cov hlab duab los Prophylaxis.
- Diclofenac: Diclofenac yog lwm tus siv NSAID nrog muaj zog anti-inflammatory thiab analgesic cov khoom. Nws yog qhov ua tau zoo hauv kev kho mob hnyav thiab mob ntev, suav nrog cov uas cuam tshuam nrog cov leeg nqaij cov cwj pwm tsis sib haum.
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Kev phiv
NSAIDS, suav nrog cov tshuaj aspirin, qhia cov teeb meem ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim, feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog lawv cov inhibition ntawm prostaglandin synthesis.
Pob Hluav Taws Xob
Cov kev cuam tshuam tshwm sim tshaj plaws ntawm NSAIDS yog cov kev cuam tshuam cov plab zom mov, suav nrog xeev siab, ntuav, mob plab, thiab mob dyspepsia. Kev siv ntev yuav ua rau peptic ulceration thiab los ntshav, tshwj xeeb yog cov neeg mob nrog cov keeb kwm ntawm cov kev cuam tshuam hauv plab hnyuv. Cov tshuaj aspirin, vim nws cov kev xaiv tsis muaj-inhibition ntawm COx, feem ntau yuav ua rau cov kev phem no tshaj li lwm yam NSAID.
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Cov teebmeem kev cuam tshuam rau lub raum
NSAIDs tuaj yeem ua rau lub raum tsis zoo, sodium khaws cia, thiab, thaum muaj mob hnyav, lub raum tsis ua hauj lwm. Cov neeg laus cov neeg mob thiab cov uas muaj kev ua ntej ntawm lub raum tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb yog kis tau.
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Hematological teebmeem
NSAIDs tuaj yeem ua rau cov qe ntshav peripheral ntawm tes txo qis, cuam tshuam ntshav sib txawv, thiab anemia. Cov tshuaj aspirin, tshwj xeeb, tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev pheej hmoo los ntshav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum siv ua ke nrog lwm cov anticoagulants. Kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no pom tias cov tshuaj aspirin tsawg tau cuam tshuam nrog 20% nce kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov neeg mob laus hauv cov neeg laus.
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Kev tsis haum
Nsaids tuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuaj ua xua, suav nrog cov tawv nqaij tawm, mob hawb pob, thiab kev poob siab anaphylactic. Cov tshuaj aspirin-ua rau hawb pob yog hom tshwj xeeb ntawm kev tsis haum tshuaj uas tshwm sim hauv qee tus neeg nkag siab rau cov tshuaj aspirin thiab lwm tus NSAID.
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Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov txiaj ntsig sab
Thaum cov aspirin thiab lwm NSAIDs sib koom cov khoom sib xws
Hnoos cov plab yuav kam
Qee tus NSAIDS, xws li ibuprofen, feem ntau zoo dua zam rau hauv lub plab zom mov dua cov tshuaj aspirin. Qhov no yog ib nrab vim lawv cov txheeb ze xaiv rau cox -2, uas yuav tseg qee qhov kev tiv thaiv lub plab zom mov ntawm prostaglandins.
Los ntshav kev pheej hmoo
Cov tshuaj aspirin cov haujlwm antipless kev pheej hmoo ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo los ntshav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg mob los ntshav kev ntxhov siab lossis cov neeg uas tau noj lwm yam anticoagulants. Lwm Nsaids, xws li ibuprofen, tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb antipmatelet cuam tshuam thiab feem ntau muaj kev nyab xeeb dua hauv qhov no.
Lub raum tsis tseeb
NSAIDs tuaj yeem ua rau lub raum tsis zoo, tab sis qee tus, xws li ibuprofen, tej zaum yuav tsawg dua aspirin, tshwj xeeb hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj lub cev.
Tag
Cov tshuaj aspirin thiab lwm NSAIDs sib koom ua ke ntawm kev ua los ntawm inhibiting cyclooxyenas enzymes, uas ua rau tiv thaiv cov teebmeem, thiab antipyretic teebmeem. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv sib txawv hauv lawv txoj kev xaiv rau COX isooforms, kev siv daim ntawv thov, thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshwm sim.
Aspirin qhov tsis xaiv-xaiv nyob rau hauv cox -1}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}, suav nrog cov kev qhia txog, nrog rau cov cardiovascular arphylaxis. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis yog kev xaiv tau tseem ua rau nws qhov tshwm sim hauv plab zom mov thiab lub raum tshwm sim.
Lwm Nsaids, xws li ibuprofen thiab Diclofenac, muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws nrog kev pheej hmoo muaj kev pheej hmoo thiab tsawg dua. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv yuav tsis muaj tib lub plawv tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam raws li cov tshuaj aspirin.
Hauv kev xaiv NSAID, cov kws kho mob yuav tsum ntsuas cov peev xwm kho tau rau cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim, xav txog tus neeg mob thiab cov mob uas twb muaj lawm. Kaw saib thiab kev ua raws li cov txheej txheem yog qhov tseem ceeb kom txo cov kev tsis zoo thiab ua kom cov neeg mob ua kom cov neeg mob ua ntej.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, thaum cov aspirin thiab lwm NSAIDs Sharpic cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov neeg muaj kev tsim nyog rau tus neeg mob txawv thiab chaw kuaj mob. Nkag siab txog cov kev sib thooj thiab qhov sib txawv yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev qhia hais kom hais txog kev siv tshuaj thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov tshuaj no.