Txawm tias qhov tseeb tiasmercury reagentsFeem ntau siv rau qhov chaw thiab tshawb xyuas cov mercury, qee cov reagents muaj peev xwm tshem tawm lossis tshem tawm cov mercury los ntawm cov dej los ntawm kev tsim cov vaj tsev sib xyaw. Txawm hais tias muaj peev xwm kho tau, mercury reagents tso saib qhov tseem ceeb thaum siv hauv kev kho dej, tshwj xeeb yog sib piv nrog cov mercury sorbents tshwj xeeb.
Kev siv ntawmmercury reagentsnyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem kho dej yog ntau lub sij hawm ntxhov siab los ntawm ob peb yam. Kev xaiv thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm mercury reagents, ua ntej thiab qhov tseem ceeb, hauv kev tshem tawm cov mercury los ntawm cov dej hauv av yuav tsis yog qhov siab ntawm cov mercury sorbents tau qhia meej rau qhov no. Cov sorbents no yog tsim los kom muaj kev nyiam siab thiab txwv tsis pub muaj kev cuam tshuam txog cov khoom mercury, lav kev ua tiav kev tshem tawm ntawm cov dej.
Tsis tas li ntawd, kev siv mercury reagents rau kev kho dej tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog lub hnub nyoog ntawm kev puas tsuaj lossis kev nthuav tawm cov pa phem ntxiv rau hauv dej. Qhov kev cia siab ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm ecological thiab kev xav txog kev ruaj ntseg cuam tshuam nrog kev siv cov mercury uas muaj cov tshuaj mercury ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntxiv rau lawv qhov kev txais tos dav hauv kev kho dej.
Tsis tas li ntawd, kev siv nyiaj txaus thiab kev siv ntau yam ntawm kev siv mercury reagents rau cov dej kho dej loj loj tuaj yeem muaj teeb meem, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua thiab xaiv lwm yam kev xaiv, xws li mercury sorbents, siv tau.
Nyob rau hauv rundown, thaum mercury reagents muaj peev xwm rau mercury tshem tawm los ntawm dej los ntawm cov khoom sib txuas, lawv cov kev txwv txog kev xaiv, natural effect, thiab kev xav zoo sib piv nrog cov cog lus mercury sorbents qhia qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv cov sorbents tshwj xeeb rau kev ua tiav thiab txhawb kev kho dej.
Yuav ua li cas mercury reagents khi thiab tshem tawm cov mercury ntawm dej?
Muaj tseebmercury reagentstuaj yeem tshem tawm cov mercury ions los ntawm cov dej los ntawm kev xaiv khi cov mercury los ua cov sib txuas tsis sib haum. Feem ntau siv reagents suav nrog:
Sulfide - Reacts nrog mercury los ua dub mercury sulfide precipitate. Feem ntau sulfide qhov chaw yog sodium sulfide, ammonium sulfide thiab hydrogen sulfide gas.
Dithiocarbamate - khi mercury ions los tsim kom muaj qhov ruaj khov daj uas ua rau tawm. Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate feem ntau yog siv.
Thiol-functionalized silica - Mercury qhia tau hais tias muaj kev sib raug zoo rau leej faj thiab khi rau thiol pawg ntawm silica nto.
Ferrocyanide - Tsim cov xim xiav ferrocyanide complex nrog mercury ions.
Polythiol resins - Muaj ntau pawg thiol ua haujlwm uas tuaj yeem ntes mercury.
Cov mercury precipitated los yog resin-bound mercury ces yuav lim los yog sib cais los ntawm dej. Qhov no ua tiav txo cov yaj mercury concentrations. Qee cov reagents yog optimized rau qhov siab tshaj plaws mercury tshem tawm efficiency.
Txawm li cas los xij, mercury reagents feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem txo cov mercury mus rau qib qis heev uas xav tau rau cov dej haus. Ntau daim ntawv thov yog xav tau rau kev tshem tawm siab. Kev sib cuam tshuam nrog lwm cov hlau kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim, txo kev xaiv.
Dab tsi yog qhov txwv ntawm kev siv mercury reagents rau kev kho dej?
Thaum cov mercury reagents tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov mercury los ntawm dej mus rau qee qhov, lawv muaj qee qhov tsis zoo uas txwv tsis pub siv rau kev lim dej:
Tsis tsim los rau kev tshem tawm ntau tshaj plaws - Feem ntau optimized rau analytical reactivity es tsis muaj peev xwm sorbent.
Muaj peev xwm tshem tawm tsawg - Tej zaum yuav ua tiav 30-70% tshem tawm tab sis ua tsis tau raws li cov qauv dej haus.
Kev cuam tshuam los ntawm lwm cov qauv piv txwv - Reagents tuaj yeem nyiam khi cov khoom siv matrix, txo cov mercury tshem tawm.
Kev sib cais nyuaj - Kev pom qeeb qeeb vim yog cov hmoov av zoo tsim, xav tau cov coagulants.
Reagent noj - Ntxiv txuas ntxiv xav tau los tswj kev tshem tawm kev ua haujlwm.
Secondary pollution - Siv reagents thiab mercury compounds yuav tsum tau ceev faj pov tseg.
Tus nqi - Tus nqi kim dua piv rau cov pa roj carbon activated lossis lwm yam sorbents.
Tsis muaj kev xaiv - Tej zaum yuav tshem tawm lwm yam hlau nrog rau cov mercury tshwj tsis yog tias muaj qhov tshwj xeeb.
Raws li cov kev txwv no, mercury reagents ib leeg tsis txaus rau kev lim dej los yog kho cov dej khib nyiab uas muaj mercury kom tau raws li cov kev txwv.
Dab tsi lwm yam thev naus laus zis yog qhov zoo dua rau kev tshem cov mercury ntawm dej?
Tshwj xeeb sorbents thiab membrane filtration systems feem ntau haum tshaj mercury reagents kom txo tau cov mercury hauv dej kom rov siv tau los yog muaj kev nyab xeeb.
Activated carbon impregnated nrog sulfur, chloride los yog amine pawg xaiv adsorbs mercury. Muab lub peev xwm siab thiab ceev kinetics.
Ion txauv resins nrog thiol ua haujlwm pab pawg tuaj yeem txo cov mercury mus rau qhov chaw ib billion qib.
Nano-sorbents zoo li hloov kho chitosan muaj thaj chaw siab rau mercury uptake.
Membranes xws li nyias zaj duab xis composites thiab sulfide-modified membranes lim tawm mercury ions.
Emerging bio-sorbents siv cov kab mob los yog algae nrog cov receptors saum npoo uas nruj nreem khi ionic mercury.
Cov mercury tshem tawm cov thev naus laus zis tshwj xeeb no tuaj yeem kho cov dej loj ntim tau zoo nrog cov pa phem tsawg kawg nkaus. Lawv yog tsim los rau kev pom zoo matrix compatibility, kinetics, sorption muaj peev xwm thiab yooj yim ntawm regeneration.
Thaum twg mercury reagents yuav pab tau mercury extraction los ntawm dej?
Thaum tsis haum rau kev kho dej ntau, mercury reagents tuaj yeem siv rau:
Extraction ntawm aqueous mercury kuaj ua ntej kuaj kuaj - Tshem tawm cov mercury ntawm cov qauv matrix kom muaj tseeb.
Polishing kev kho mob tom qab thawj sorbent systems - Txo cov mercury uas tsis tshua muaj mercury los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Kev sim ntawm qhov chaw ntawm mercury tshem tawm efficiency - Reagents txheeb xyuas cov mercury seem tom qab kev kho mob los txhim kho cov txheej txheem.
Kev kho ntawm phau ntawv kho me me mercury spills - Muaj spill thiab precipitate mercury siv cov khoom siv reagent portable.
Stabilization ntawm mercury nyob rau hauv cov khib nyiab - Reagents txo leaching los ntawm solidified sludges thiab lwm yam mercury-cov khoom khib nyiab.
Kev soj ntsuam cov kwj dej tawm - Xyuas kom cov theem tso tawm raws li cov cai los ntawm kev ntsuas cov mercury tas li.
Nrog kev nkag siab txog lawv lub peev xwm thiab kev txwv,mercury reagentstuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm pab txhawb nqa nrog rau cov txheej txheem kho cov txheej txheem los tswj cov dej tsis muaj mercury.
Xaus
Txawm hais tias qee qhov mercury reagents tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov mercury los ntawm cov dej los ntawm kev xaiv khi thiab nag lossis daus, lawv muaj qhov tsis zoo uas txwv lawv cov txiaj ntsig rau kev lim dej rau cov qauv haus. Dedicated sorbents thiab daim nyias nyias tsim tshwj xeeb rau kev tshem tawm cov mercury yog qhov zoo dua rau kev txhim khu kev qha, raug nqi mercury kho ntawm qhov loj. Txawm li cas los xij, mercury reagents tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntxiv rau kev rho tawm, polishing zaum kawg, saib xyuas, tshem tawm cov dej huv thiab ruaj khov thaum siv judiciously. Nrog rau kev nce qib hauv kev sib koom ua ke thiab cov khoom siv, cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho ntawm mercury reagents tuaj yeem tshwm sim raws li kev xaiv kho tau zoo dua yav tom ntej.
Cov ntaub ntawv
1. Blue, LY, Van Aelstyn, MA, Matlock, M., & Atwood, DA (2008). Tsawg-qib mercury tshem tawm ntawm cov dej hauv av siv cov hluavtaws chelating ligand. Kev tshawb fawb dej, 42(8-9), 2025-2028.
2. Fu, F., & Wang, Q. (2011). Kev tshem tawm cov hlau hnyav ions los ntawm cov dej khib nyiab: kev tshuaj xyuas. Phau ntawv Journal of Environmental Management, 92(3), 407-418.
3. Li, YH, Li, DQ, Zhang, L., Chen, JP, He, YS, & Yin, JJ (2003). Tshem tawm cov kab Hg (II) los ntawm cov tshuaj aqueous los ntawm qhov chaw tsim khoom thiab thermally activated thiol-functionalized magnesium silicate. Kev Tshawb Fawb Dej, 37(19), 4943-4950.
4. Nelson, HD, Van Aelstyn, M., Sadowski, C., & Atwood, DA (2009). Tsim thiab ruaj khov ntawm mercury sulfide hauv filtrates los ntawm AMD kho tshuab. Phau ntawv Journal of Environmental Engineering, 136(2), 209-216.
5. Song, S., Lopez-Valdivieso, A., Hernandez-Campos, DJ, Peng, C., Monroy-Fernandez, MG, & Razo-Soto, I. (2006). Kev tshem tawm arsenic los ntawm cov dej arsenic siab los ntawm kev txhim kho coagulation nrog ferric ions thiab ntxhib calcite. Kev tshawb fawb dej, 40(2), 364-372.