Magnesium ethoxide, tseem hu ua ethanol magnesium hauv Suav teb, yog cov organic magnesium ntsev. Nws yog ib qho hmoov uas zoo nkaus li dawb rau lub teeb grey. Cov mis mos molecular yog C4H10MgO2, nrog rau qhov hnyav molecular ntawm 114.43. Nws tus lej CAS yog 2414-98-4. Nyob ruaj khov ntawm chav tsev kub thiab siab, tab sis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov thaum sib cuag nrog dej, noo noo, muaj zog acids, lossis oxidants. Tsis txhob kov cov oxides thiab dej. Yooj yim rau yaj hauv ethers thiab hydrocarbons, me ntsis soluble hauv dej, thiab soluble hauv ethanol. Siv los ua cov cab kuj catalyst rau olefin polymerization ntawm polypropylene, high-density polyethylene, thiab low-density polyethylene. Raw khoom rau precision ceramics. Daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig yog tsom rau kev kho cov hlau hnyav ions hauv cov dej khib nyiab. Vim nws cov qauv tshwj xeeb, nws tuaj yeem ua ke nrog cov hlau hnyav hnyav kom cais lawv ntawm cov dej khib nyiab, yog li ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev lim dej zoo.
(Cov khoom txuas: https://www.bloomtechz.com/synthetic-chemical/organic-intermediates/magnesium-ethoxide-cas-2414-98-4.html)
Txoj Kev 1:
Reaction sib npaug:
Mg + C2H5Br → Mg(C2H5) Br
Mg (C2H5)Br + 2C2H5OH → Mg(C2H5O)2 + C2H5Br
Ntawm lawv, Mg sawv cev rau hlau magnesium, C2H5Br sawv cev rau alkyl halides (xws li ethyl magnesium bromide), C2H5OH sawv cev rau ethanol, Mg (C2H5) Br sawv cev rau alkyl magnesium compounds, thiab Mg (C2H5O) 2 sawv cev magnesium ethoxide. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau muab faib ua ob theem. Ua ntej, magnesium hlau reacts nrog alkyl halides los tsim cov sib xyaw alkyl magnesium tebchaw, thiab tom qab ntawd reacts nrog ethanol los tsim magnesium ethoxides. Qhov no yog ib txoj kev siv cov organic synthesis, haum rau kev npaj ntau hom organic magnesium compounds thiab lwm cov organic hlau tebchaw.
Cov kauj ruam rau kev npaj Magnetium ethoxides los ntawm alkylation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog raws li nram no:
Kev sim cov kauj ruam:
1. Npaj cov khoom siv hauv chav kuaj: qhuav cov ntawv hlau magnesium rau hauv lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws, thiab npaj cov khoom siv iav (xws li cov khob hauv qab hauv qab los yog beakers) thiab cov thawv tshuaj tiv thaiv.
2. Npaj alkyl halides: Ntxiv alkyl halides rau anhydrous ethanol kom yaj tag. Xyuas kom meej tias alkyl halides tsis muaj dej noo kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
3. Khaws ib puag ncig anhydrous thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm: Hauv qhov kev sim, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nruj me ntsis tswj lub anhydrous ib puag ncig ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob kom ntseeg tau tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo li qub. Inert gases (xws li nitrogen) tuaj yeem siv los tiv thaiv cov hlab ntsha thiab kev ua haujlwm ib puag ncig, tiv thaiv cov huab cua los ntawm kev nkag mus rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
4. Kev sib dhos ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj tiv thaiv: Muab cov hlau magnesium qhuav rau hauv lub khob ntsuas, xws li lub khob dej qab zib lossis lub khob.
5. Ntxiv alkyl halides: Maj mam ncuav anhydrous ethanol uas muaj alkyl halides rau hauv lub khob ntsuas uas muaj magnesium hlau los xij kom txog thaum lawv npog tag.
6. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nce qib: Thaum tshav kub kub sib xyaw ntawm magnesium hlau thiab alkyl halides nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hlab ntsha nyob rau hauv inert gas tiv thaiv. Cov phaj cua sov lossis cov nplaim hluav taws tuaj yeem siv los ua cua sov. Qhov ntsuas kub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv feem ntau yog tswj hwm ntawm 30-50 degrees Celsius los txhawb kev nce qib ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
7. Tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav, txias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov hlab ntsha thiab tau txais cov tshuaj Magnesium ethoxide. Raws li kev sim xav tau, cov khoom siv ntshiab Magnesium ethoxide tuaj yeem muab rho tawm los ntawm kev pom lossis hnyav evaporation.
Txoj Kev 2:
Cov txheej txheem hnyav rau kev sib xyaw Magnesium ethoxides yog ib txoj hauv kev siv tshuaj synthesis.
Reaction sib npaug:
Mg + 2C2H5OH → Mg(C2H5)2O + H2
Mg + C4H8O2→ Mg(C4H7O2)2
Ntawm lawv, Mg sawv cev rau hlau magnesium, C2H5OH sawv cev rau ethanol, C4H8O2 sawv cev rau ethyl acetate, Mg (C2H5) 2O sawv cev Magnesium ethoxide, thiab Mg (C4H7O2) 2 sawv cev rau lwm hom Magnesium ethoxide. Cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm magnesium hlau nrog ethanol thiab ethyl acetate los tsim Magnesium ethoxide. Txoj kev no tuaj yeem siv los npaj cov ntshiab Magnesium ethoxides ua ib qho tseem ceeb reagent hauv organic synthesis.
Kev sim cov kauj ruam:
1. Npaj cov khoom siv hauv chav kuaj: qhuav cov ntawv hlau magnesium rau hauv lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws, thiab npaj cov khoom siv iav (xws li cov khob hauv qab hauv qab los yog beakers) thiab cov thawv tshuaj tiv thaiv.
2. Npaj cov tshuaj A: Ncuav anhydrous ethanol rau hauv lub thawv qhuav. Xyuas kom meej tias ethanol tsis muaj dej noo thiab tuaj yeem kho nrog desiccants (xws li molecular sieves) kom tshem tawm cov dej noo.
3. Npaj tov B: Ntxiv ethyl acetate rau lwm lub thawv qhuav. Ib yam li ntawd, xyuas kom meej tias ethyl acetate tsis muaj dej noo.
4. Khaws ib puag ncig anhydrous thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm: Hauv qhov kev sim, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nruj me ntsis tswj lub anhydrous ib puag ncig ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob kom ntseeg tau tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo li qub. Inert gases (xws li nitrogen) tuaj yeem siv los tiv thaiv cov hlab ntsha thiab kev ua haujlwm ib puag ncig, tiv thaiv cov huab cua los ntawm kev nkag mus rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
5. Kev sib dhos ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj tiv thaiv: Muab cov ntawv hlau magnesium tso rau hauv lub khob ntsuas, xws li lub khob ntim dej lossis lub khob dej.
6. Ntxiv cov tshuaj A: Maj mam hliv cov tshuaj A rau hauv lub khob ntsuas uas muaj magnesium hlau los xij kom txog thaum tag nrho.
7. Ntxiv cov tshuaj B: Maj mam ncuav cov tshuaj B rau hauv ib lub khob ntsuas uas muaj magnesium hlau los xij thiab cov tshuaj A, thaum nplawm cov sib tov nrog ib lub iav pas nrig. Kev sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem txhawb nqa kev nce qib ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
8. Cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv: Nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv roj inert, cov hlau magnesium nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hlab ntsha reacts nrog ethanol thiab ethyl acetate. Cov phaj cua sov lossis cov nplaim hluav taws tuaj yeem siv los ua cua sov. Qhov ntsuas kub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv feem ntau yog tswj hwm ntawm 30-50 degrees Celsius los txhawb kev nce qib ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav, txias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hlab ntsha thiab tau txais cov tshuaj Magnesium ethoxide. Raws li kev sim xav tau, cov khoom siv ntshiab Magnesium ethoxide tuaj yeem muab rho tawm los ntawm kev pom lossis hnyav evaporation.
Teb 3:
Reaction sib npaug:
MgCl2 · 6H2O + 4C2H5OH → Mg (C2H5) 2O + 2HCl + 6H2O
Ntawm lawv, MgCl2 · 6H2O sawv cev rau hydrated magnesium ntsev (magnesium chloride hexahydrate), C2H5OH sawv cev rau ethanol, Mg (C2H5) 2O sawv cev rau magnesium ethoxide, thiab HCl sawv cev rau hydrochloric acid. Cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm hydrated magnesium ntsev thiab ethanol los tsim Magnesium ethoxide. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no feem ntau yog ua raws li hydrothermal tej yam kev mob los txhim kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tus nqi thiab cov khoom purity.
Kev sim cov kauj ruam:
1. Npaj cov khoom siv hauv chav kuaj: Npaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov hlab ntsha (xws li cov khob ntim hauv qab) thiab cov khoom siv cua sov.
2. Kev kho ua ntej ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov tshuaj reagents: ntxuav cov hlab ntsha kom huv si thiab tshuab lawv nrog cov nitrogen qhuav kom ntseeg tau tias qhov chaw tsis muaj plua plav thiab tsis muaj dej. Ethanol tuaj yeem kho nrog desiccants (xws li molecular sieves) kom tshem tawm cov dej noo.
3. Kev sib dhos ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj tiv thaiv: Ntxiv hydrated magnesium ntsev rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hlab ntsha.
4. Ntxiv ethanol: Maj mam ntxiv ethanol rau hauv cov hlab ntsha cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom txog thaum lub hydrated magnesium ntsev yog tag nrho.
5. Kev nce qib ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: Nyob rau hauv cov cua kub, kaw cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov hlab ntsha thiab muab tso rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias tsis tu ncua los yog cov hlab ntsha siab. Kev xaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kub thiab lub sijhawm yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov khoom.
6. Txias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov hlab ntsha: Tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav, tshem tawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov hlab ntsha los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias tsis tu ncua los yog cov hlab ntsha siab thiab cia nws txias rau chav sov.
7. Kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom: cais cov khoom siv uas tsim nyog (xws li pom lossis centrifugation).
8. Cov khoom ziab: Cov Magnesium ethoxides sib cais tuaj yeem qhuav los ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev los yog qhov kub thiab txias.