Muaj ob qhov sib txawv ntawm cov isomers hauv propane, ib qho cawv nrog cov mis C3H7OH: 1- thiab 2-propanol. Txawm hais tias sib koom ib daim ntawv qhia zoo sib xws, 1-Phenyl-2-nitropropenemuaj cov qauv tshuaj sib txawv, uas ua rau muaj ntau yam khoom tiag tiag thiab kev ua haujlwm. Cov sib tov tsis yog undefined.
Cov qauv tshuaj ntawm 1-propanol thiab 2-propanol yog dab tsi?
Qhov chaw ntawm hydroxyl (- Kev Zoo) muaj txiaj ntsig sib sau ua ke ntawm propyl qaum yog qhov txawv ntawm 2-propanol los ntawm 1-propanol. Qhov no assortment nyob rau hauv cov qauv prompts tej yam khoom thiab cov yam ntxwv rau txhua lub compound.
Propan-1-ol yog lwm lub npe rau 1-Propanol, raws li IUPAC nomenclature. Cov pawg hydroxyl txuas mus rau lub davhlau ya nyob twg cov pa roj carbon monoxide, uas yog alluded ua carbon #1. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov - Pab Pawg Ua Tsaug yog nyob ze ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov saw hlau propyl.
Tau kawg, 2-propanol, lossis propan-2- qub los ntawm IUPAC naming, suav nrog cov pob hydroxyl txuas rau nruab nrab carbon atom, hu ua carbon #2. Ib yam li ntawd, lub - pob khoom zoo yog npaj rau hauv lub propyl thauj tog rau nkoj es tsis yog nyob ze rau qhov kawg.
Txawm li cas los xij, ob qho tib si 1-propanol thiab 2-propanol muaj peb-carbon ncaj chains, qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ua ntawm - Kev sib hlub sib txhawb ua rau lawv cov isomers tseem ceeb nrog cov khoom tsis txaus ntseeg. Piv txwv li, thaum piv rau 2-propanol, 1-propanol muaj qhov txwv ntau dua thiab sib xws. Ntxiv mus, 1-propanol muaj qhov tsis muaj zog thiab muaj ntxhiab tsw me me, ua rau nws nkag siab zoo rau cov ntawv thov xws li cov kuab tshuaj, tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab flavorings. 2-Propanol, txwv tsis pub hu ua isopropyl cawv lossis cawv cawv, muaj qhov qis qis ntawm cov dej kub npau npau thiab tsis tshua muaj kev cia siab, uas txhim kho nws rau kev ntxuav, ntxuav, thiab siv niaj hnub.
Thawj qhov txawv ntawm1-Phenyl-2-nitropropenetuaj yeem suav hais tias yog qhov chaw ntawm pawg hydroxyl hauv lawv cov propyl spines. Txhua qhov sib xyaw muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb thiab kev siv vim nws cov qauv sib txawv.
Cov khoom ntawm lub cev ntawm 1-propanol thiab 2-propanol txawv li cas?
Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov zais cia1-Phenyl-2-nitropropeneua tiav ob peb cais cov khoom tiag. Thaj chaw ntawm hydroxyl (- Kev Zoo) pawg hauv lawv cov qauv atomic yog vim li cas rau cov hom no.
Yuav pib nrog, ob isomers muaj kev txwv sib txawv. Piv rau 2-propanol, uas muaj qhov txwv ntawm 82 degree, 1-propanol muaj qhov txwv siab dua ntawm 97 degree . Lub xub ntiag ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg-Grace sib sau ua ke nyob rau hauv 1-propanol, uas yuav siv sij hawm mus rau hauv tus account ntau grounded intermolecular hydrogen tuav, yog qhov ua rau ntawm qhov sib txawv. Cov ntawv cog lus no xav tau lub zog ntau dua kom tawg thaum lub sijhawm ua npuas dej, ua tiav qhov kev txiav ntau dua.
Qhov thib ob, muaj qhov sib txawv hauv isomers 'dissolving focuses. 2-Propanol qhia tau hais tias qhov chaw melting qis dua ntawm - 89 degree, thaum 1-propanol muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo dua ntawm - 126 degree . 2-propanol muaj qhov qis qis dua ncaj qha tshaj 1-propanol vim qis qis crystallinity coj los ntawm - Kev sib sau ua ke zoo ntawm txoj hauj lwm focal.
Soluble zog kuj raug cuam tshuam los ntawm isomers 'cov qauv sib txawv. 1-Propanol lub peev xwm los txhawb cov hydrogen bonds nrog dej atoms ua rau nws yooj yim dua nyob rau hauv dej. Curiously, 2-propanol yog ntau nonpolar thiab, zoo li, dej-solvable tsawg dua.
Thawj hom muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau thickness thiab. {{0}}propanol muaj qhov tuab ntawm 0.803 g / mL ntawm 20 degree, thaum 2-propanol muaj thickness ntawm 0.786 g / mL. Qhov yuam kev no tuaj yeem suav nrog qhov sib txawv hauv sub-nuclear squeezing thiab intermolecular correspondences ua tiav los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm - Kev sib raug zoo siab dav.
Hauv kev xaus, qhov chaw ntawm pawg zoo hauv 1- thiab 2-propanol ua rau cov khoom tshwj xeeb. Cov no nco ntsoov ntau yam rau thickness, solvency, dissolving focuses, thiab npoo ntawm boiling tshaj. Nkag siab txog cov kev tsim nyog no xav txog kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev siv cov isomers hauv ntau daim ntawv thov.
Lub reactivity ntawm 1-propanol thiab 2-propanol txawv li cas?
Txawm hais tias cov assortments hauv cov khoom tiag, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov pib1-Phenyl-2-nitropropeneTsis tas li ntawd ua kom muaj kev sib cais cov tshuaj reactivities. Cov kev sib txawv no yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab thaum xaiv ib qho isomer rau lwm qhov rau kev sib xyaw ua ke tsis tu ncua lossis kev cuam tshuam.
Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation tshwm sim yog ib qho tseem ceeb sib txawv. Thaum piv rau 2-propanol, 1-propanol teb sai dua rau oxidation vim yog qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm hydroxyl (- Goodness) pawg. Kev nkag tau yooj yim ntawm - Cov pob khoom zoo hauv 1-propanol txiav txim siab tsis tshua muaj oxidation, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam nrawm dua.
SN1 (hloov nucleophilic unimolecular) cov lus teb qhia ib qho txawv dua. 2-Propanol muaj lub siab xav ua kom tau txais SN1 hloov pauv raws li kev hloov pauv ntawm carbocation intermediates. 2-propanol yog qhov zoo dua rau cov lus teb SN1 vim tias kev sib kis ntawm cov saw hlau propyl pab cov carbocations ruaj khov.
Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib txawv ntawm ob isomers tau tshwm sim los ntawm lub cev qhuav dej. 1-Vim muaj cov pab pawg pious tseem ceeb, propanol sai sai dhau los ua propene (propylene). Ntawm qhov tod tes, 2-propanol, nrog rau nws qhov kev txiav txim siab - Charitable social ntees, tsis tshua muaj pov tseg kom qhuav.
Ib yam li ntawd, kev txhim kho ntawm esters nrog carboxylic acids qhia txog kev sib txawv ntawm kev ua yeeb yam. 1-Propanol yuav zuag qhia tag nrho cov duab esters sai dua li 2-propanol nyob rau hauv saib ntawm qhov qis steric deterrent ua tiav los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm - Xav txog kev sib raug zoo.
Yeej, cov khoom tsim tshwj xeeb ntawm1-Phenyl-2-nitropropenecoj txog unmistakable hluavtaws reactivities. Cov kev sib txawv no tshwm sim hauv ntau hom tshuaj tiv thaiv, zoo ib yam li oxidation, SN1 hloov pauv, parchedness, thiab ester nce qib. Thaum xaiv cov isomer tsim nyog rau cov lus teb tshwj xeeb lossis kev sib xyaw ua ke, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev nkag siab thiab xav txog cov kev sib txawv no. 1-propanol thiab 2-propanol tsis tuaj yeem siv sib hloov ua cov tshuaj reactants lossis cov kuab tshuaj vim lawv cov yam ntxwv sib txawv.
Email: sales@bloomtechz.com
Cov ntaub ntawv:
1. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry: IUPAC Cov Lus Pom Zoo thiab Cov Npe Nyiam. 2013.ISBN 0-521-82630-7
2. Clayden J, Greeves N, Warren S. Organic Chemistry. 2nd tsab. Oxford UP, 2012. ISBN 978-0-19-927029-3.
3. McMurry J. Organic Chemistry. 8 ua ed. Cengage Learning, 2015. ISBN 978-1285842912
4. Carey FA, Sundberg RJ. Advanced Organic Chemistry. 5th tsab. Springer, 2007. ISBN 978-0387683461
5. Kürti L, Czakó B. Kev siv lub tswv yim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv npe hauv Organic Synthesis. Elsevier, 2005. ISBN 978-0-12-429785-8
6. Morrison RT, Boyd RN. Organic Chemistry. 6 ib ed. Prentice Hall, 1992. ISBN 978-0205108080
7. Vollhardt KC. Organic Chemistry: Structure thiab Function. 7 ib ed. WH Freeman, 2014. ISBN 9781464104855 (ib.)
8. Solomon TWG, Fryhle CB. Organic Chemistry. 8 ua ed. John Wiley & Sons, 2004. ISBN 978-0471417998
9. Pine SH. Organic Chemistry. 5 ua ed. McGraw-Hill, 1987. ISBN 9780070217630, ib.
10. Sorell TN. Organic Chemistry. 2nd ed. University Science Books, 2006. ISBN 978-1891389368