2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate (HEMA) yog dab tsi?
2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate yog ib tug monomer, ib hom me me molecule uas yuav undergo polymerization los ua loj polymer chains.
Cov qauv tshuaj ntawm cov khoom muaj xws li methacrylate pawg (CH2=C(CH3)COO-) thiab ib pawg hydroxyethyl (-CH2CH2OH). Nws yog ib qho tshwj xeeb ua ke ntawm reactive methacrylate thiab hydrophilic hydroxyethyl. Cov pab pawg no muab cov khoom siv ntau yam khoom. Lawv muaj ntau yam kev siv:
Cov khoom sib xyaw peb tsim yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom siv hydrogel. Qhov ntawd yog siv rau hauv qhov muag lo ntsiab muag thiab lwm yam kev siv biomedical, rau nws biocompatibility nqus dej.
Cov khoom siv polymers yog siv rau hauv ntau daim ntawv thov. Lawv yog cov khoom siv kho hniav, cov nplaum, thiab cov sealants. Yog vim li cas yog lawv muaj adhesion zog thiab compatibility nrog cov qauv hniav.
Cov khoom uas muaj cov polymers tuaj yeem siv tau hauv qee qhov chaw. Lawv yog coatings, adhesives, thiab binders nyob rau hauv ntau yam industries vim lawv muaj peev xwm tsim films thiab adheres rau txawv qhov chaw.
Cov khoom siv polymers yog siv rau ntau yam. Lawv yog cov khoom siv kho kom zoo nkauj thiab tu tus kheej xws li cov plaub hau thiab cov khoom tu tawv nqaij, rau lawv cov yeeb yaj kiab tsim thiab emollient zog.
Dab tsi yog Qhov Muaj Peev Xwm Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv ntawm HEMA?
2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate tau siv dav hauv ntau daim ntawv thov vim nws cov khoom tsim nyog. Nws tsis muaj teeb meem kiag li thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv nyob rau qee qhov xwm txheej. Cov hauv qab no yog qee qhov muaj feem cuam tshuam txog kev noj qab haus huv cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom:
Cov khoom sib xyaw peb tsim tuaj yeem ua rau tawv nqaij thiab qhov muag khaus thaum sib cuag. Kev rov ua dua lossis ntev ntev tuaj yeem ua rau liab, khaus, thiab mob ntawm qhov chaw cuam tshuam.
Kev nqus pa ntawm cov khoom vapors lossis pos huab tuaj yeem ua rau ua pa ua pa, hnoos, thiab ua pa nyuaj. Qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv chaw ua hauj lwm qhov chaw siv los yog ua tiav.
Hauv qee tus neeg, cov khoom sib xyaw uas peb tsim tau, pom tau tias muaj kev ua xua, muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev fab tshuaj. Cov neeg uas muaj qhov xav tau ua ntej lossis lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb. Kev tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tuaj yeem suav nrog pob khaus, khaus khaus, khaus, thiab o.
Ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias muaj kev cuam tshuam cytotoxic ntawm cov khoom ntawm ntau hom cell xws li ntau dua los yog ncua sij hawm raug. Qhov no yog kev txhawj xeeb hauv kev siv biomedical. Cov ntaub ntawv tuaj rau hauv kev sib cuag ncaj qha nrog cov cell lossis cov ntaub so ntswg.
Thaum cov pov thawj tsis tshua muaj, ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb tau pom. Cov khoom lag luam tuaj yeem muaj kev tsim tawm thiab kev loj hlob toxicity, thaum cov kev phom sij rau tib neeg tsis tau lees paub.
Qhov hnyav ntawm cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev noj qab haus huv no txawv nyob ntawm seb muaj xwm txheej xws li kev kis tau zoo li kev nqus pa, noj, lossis kev sib cuag ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Lawv kuj suav nrog qhov ntev thiab qhov siab ntawm qhov raug, thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm tus kheej.
Dab tsi yuav tsum tau ceev faj thaum tuav HEMA?
Txhawm rau txo cov teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv uas cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau siv cov kev ceev faj kom raug thiab ntsuas kev nyab xeeb thaum tuav lossis ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom no. Nov yog qee cov lus qhia ceev faj:
Thaum ua haujlwm nrog2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate los yog cov khoom uas muaj cov compound peb tsim, hnav cov khoom tiv thaiv tus kheej tsim nyog yog qhov tseem ceeb. Qhov no suav nrog cov hnab looj tes tiv thaiv chemical, tsom iav kev nyab xeeb lossis daim npog ntsej muag, thiab cov khaub ncaws tiv thaiv. Cov kev ceev faj no yog tsim nyog kom tsis txhob sib cuag ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab qhov muag.
Xyuas kom meej tias lub tshuab ua pa txaus los yog tso pa tawm hauv qhov chaw kom txo tau qhov txaus ntshai ntawm kev ua pa ntawm cov khoom vapors lossis pos huab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov chaw ua haujlwm uas siv los yog ua tiav.
Cov khoom yuav tsum tau tuav thiab khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw zoo-ventilated, deb ntawm tshav kub, sparks, thiab ignition qhov chaw. Cov thawv ntim khoom yuav tsum tau kaw nruj nreem thiab sau npe kom tsim nyog.
Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj qhov nchuav los yog xau, yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev tiv thaiv kom txaus, thiab cov txheej txheem ntxuav tu. Lawv yog kev siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tus kheej tsim nyog thiab muab pov tseg kom raug ntawm cov khoom tsis huv.
Cov tswv lag luam yuav tsum muaj kev cob qhia thiab kev kawm txaus rau cov neeg ua haujlwm uas yuav raug cuam tshuam rau cov khoom. Nws ua kom lawv nkag siab txog tej yam kev phom sij, cov txheej txheem tswj kom raug, thiab kev ntsuas thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev.
Kev soj ntsuam thiab saib xyuas kev kho mob yuav raug qhia rau tib neeg. Cov neeg no tau raug HEMA rau lub sijhawm txuas ntxiv lossis nyob rau theem siab txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv uas yuav tshwm sim ntxov ntxov.
Kev sab laj cov ntaub ntawv kev nyab xeeb uas tsim nyog (SDS) thiab ua raws li cov lus qhia los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom lossis cov neeg tswj hwm kev tswj hwm yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum siv lossis tuav cov khoom uas muaj cov khoom.
Dab tsi yog Txoj Cai Kev Txiav Txim Siab rau HEMA?
Vim muaj kev phom sij txog kev noj qab haus huv cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom sib xyaw uas peb tsim, ntau lub koom haum tswj hwm thiab cov koom haum tau tsim cov lus qhia thiab cov kev cai hais txog kev siv thiab kev tuav. Qee qhov kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj hwm suav nrog:
Cov khoom uas suav nrogHEMAyuav tsum muaj daim ntawv lo tsim nyog, thiab cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum muab cov ntaub ntawv kev nyab xeeb (SDS) uas teev cov khoom lag luam muaj peev xwm txaus ntshai nrog rau kev ceev faj txog kev nyab xeeb thiab cov txheej txheem teb thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev.
Hauv qee daim ntawv thov, xws li cov khoom siv kho mob lossis tshuaj pleev ib ce, cov khoom yuav dhau los ua cov kev txwv ntxiv thiab cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb los ntawm cov cai tswj hwm. Piv txwv yog US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) thiab European Chemicals Agency (ECHA).
Kev siv, kev ua, thiab pov tseg ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw uas peb tsim kuj tseem raug tswj hwm los ntawm ib puag ncig cov cai thiab cov qauv kev tswj hwm thiab kev tiv thaiv cov pov tseg.
Cov kev cai tshiab tshaj plaws yuav tsum paub. Cov neeg tsim khoom, chaw ua haujlwm, thiab cov neeg siv khoom yuav tsum nyob twj ywm. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem thiab cov kev cai siv tau ua raws. Li no, peb xyuas kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab muaj lub luag haujlwm siv cov khoom thiab cov khoom lag luam.
Cov ntaub ntawv:
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2. Ferracane, JL (2011). Hygroscopic thiab hydrolytic teebmeem nyob rau hauv cov hniav polymer networks. Cov ntaub ntawv kho hniav, 27(3), 211-222.
3. Larrañeta, E., & Işıklan, N. (2020). Polymers nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov lens. Hauv Polymers rau Biomedical Applications (pp. 197-224). Springer, Chaw.
4. Arica, MY, & Basan, S. (2003). Copolymer ntawm 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate: synthesis, characterization thiab biomedical applications. Kev nce qib hauv Polymer Science, 28(5), 995-1018.
5. Neelam, S., Dixit, A., & Tiwari, A. (2013). Copolymer ntawm 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate: Cov khoom thiab kev siv. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 25(11), 5995-6000.
6. Sánchez-Navarro, MM, Girón, RM, Peña, J., Vázquez, JM, Ginebra, MP, & Planell, JA (2005). Biomaterials raws li copolymers ntawm 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate thiab acrylates: txhua yam khoom thiab biocompatibility. Phau ntawv Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, 16(6), 503-508.
7. Apel, PY, & Kheirandish, S. (2015). Acrylate copolymer rau kev siv tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab kev saib xyuas tus kheej. InCosmetic Lipids thiab daim tawv nqaij Barrier (pp. 103-118). Springer, Chaw.
8. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). (2023). Kev Ua Haujlwm Kev Nyab Xeeb thiab Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Standards: Cov tshuaj lom thiab phom sij. Tau txais los ntawm https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.1000TABLEZ1
9. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). (2023). TLVs and BEIs. Tau txais los ntawm https://www.acgih.org/science/tlv-bei-resources/
10. European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). (2023). Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Tshuaj. Tau txais los ntawm https://echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals