Dab tsi yog cov txheej txheem hluavtaws ntawm hypophosphorous acid

Hypophosphorous acid(txuas:http://www.bloomtechz.com/synthetic-chemical/organic-materials/hypophosphorous-acid-solution-cas-6303-21-5.html) yog ib qho inorganic compound nrog cov mis molecular H3PO2. npe :dw,h2p. Nws yog xim tsis muaj xim rau cov kua daj me ntsis. Nws yog qhov ruaj khov ntawm chav tsev kub, tab sis nws yooj yim decomposed nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm tshav kub, lub teeb thiab cua. Nws kuj tau yooj yim oxidized los ntawm oxidizing cov neeg ua hauj, yog li nws yuav tsum tau muab cia rau hauv airtight ntim nrog me ntsis raug rau oxygen li sai tau. Hypophosphorous acid kuj tseem ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev ua liaj ua teb, kev lag luam zaub mov, kev kho dej thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. Zuag qhia tag nrho, hypophosphorous acid yog cov khoom siv ntau yam thiab siv tau dav, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau ntau qhov kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam. Yog li ntawd, cov txheej txheem synthesis ntawm cov khoom no tau dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau cov kws tshawb fawb tshawb fawb. Los ntawm kev siv zog ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Shaanxi Chuzhan Chemical Co., Ltd. thiab kev siv cov ntaub ntawv, cov txheej txheem synthesis ntawm hypophosphorous acid (hypophosphorous acid) feem ntau muaj xws li cov hauv qab no, thiab txhua txoj kev thiab nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mechanism yuav piav qhia meej:

1. Hydrolysis txoj kev ntawm phosphate ester:

Qhov no yog ib txoj hauv kev rau cov synthesis ntawm hypophosphorous acid, uas tau los ntawm hydrolysis ntawm phosphate esters. Cov kauj ruam tshwj xeeb yog raws li hauv qab no:

(1) Hloov cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: Ua ntej, phosphate ester yog reacted nrog cawv los yog phenols los ua ib tug phosphate ester compound.

R-OH ntxiv rau PCl₃→ R-OPCl₂ plus HCl

(2) Hydrolysis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: Tom qab ntawd, nyob rau hauv alkaline tej yam kev mob, cov phosphate compound reacts nrog dej los tsim hypophosphorous acid thiab coj cov cawv los yog phenol.

R-OPCl₂plus 2 H₂O → H₃PO₂ntxiv 2HCl ntxiv rau R-OH

Kev sim cov kauj ruam ua haujlwm:

a. Dissolving phosphate ester: Ntxiv qhov tsim nyog ntawm phosphate ester rau hauv cov hlab ntsha qhuav.

b. Ntxiv cov catalyst (yeem): Raws li kev xav tau, koj tuaj yeem ntxiv me me ntawm cawv thiab phosphoric acid acid-base catalyst, thiab do zoo.

c. Ntxiv dej: Maj mam ntxiv cov dej distilled rau hauv cov hlab ntsha.

d. Kho pH: Yog tias tsim nyog, kho cov pH ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom tsim nyog thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov kua qaub los yog alkaline tuaj yeem siv rau kev txias.

e. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: nqa tawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias (chav kub lossis cua sov). Nyob ntawm phosphate ester, lub sijhawm tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav txawv.

f. Thaum kawg ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: Tsis txhob nplawm tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav, thiab cia cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sawv ntsug rau ib lub sij hawm kom ntseeg tau tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav.

g. Cov khoom sib cais: Cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv tau raug kho kom zoo, xws li kev pom lossis kev rho tawm, cais cov cawv thiab phosphoric acid.

h. Ntxuav thiab ziab: Ntxuav thiab qhuav cov khoom nrog txoj kev tsim nyog tshem tawm impurities.

2. Txoj kev txo phosphoric anhydride:

Txoj kev no synthesizes hypophosphorous acid los ntawm kev txo phosphoric anhydride xws li triphenylphosphonic anhydride. Cov kauj ruam tshwj xeeb yog raws li hauv qab no:

(1) Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: React phosphoric anhydride nrog tus neeg sawv cev txo qis (xws li sodium phosphite, potassium phosphite, thiab lwm yam).

(R₃P=O)₂O plus H₃PO₂ → 2H₃PO₂plus (R₃P=O)

(2) Kev sib cais: Hypophosphorous acid thiab unreacted phosphoric anhydride yog sib cais los ntawm txoj kev tsim nyog xws li extraction, crystallization los yog distillation.

Kev sim cov kauj ruam ua haujlwm:

a. Dissolve phiaj phosphoric anhydride: Ntxiv qhov tsim nyog ntawm lub hom phiaj phosphoric anhydride rau hauv cov hlab ntsha qhuav.

b. Ntxiv cov kuab tshuaj: Ntxiv qhov tsim nyog ntawm cov kuab tshuaj rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab ua kom sib npaug kom yaj tag nrho cov phosphoric anhydride.

c. Ntxiv Hypophosphorous acid: Maj mam ntxiv qhov tsim nyog ntawm Hypophosphorous acid rau hauv cov hlab ntsha. Do ua tib zoo thaum sib ntxiv kom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo ib yam.

d. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: nqa tawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias (chav kub lossis cua sov). Nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej, nws yuav tsum tau ua kom sov cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.

e. Thaum kawg ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: Tsis txhob nplawm tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav, thiab txias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib tov rau hauv chav tsev kub.

f. Kev rho tawm ntawm cov khoom: Siv cov kev tsim nyog xws li kev rho tawm, pom, lossis crystallization cais cov khoom los ntawm cov kuab tshuaj.

g. Ntxuav thiab ziab: Ntxuav cov khoom nrog cov kuab tshuaj tsim nyog kom tshem tawm cov impurities, thiab ziab cov khoom los ntawm txoj kev tsim nyog (xws li lub tshuab nqus tsev ziab lossis hnyav evaporation).

3. Txoj kev txo qis ntawm oxidized phosphorous acid:

Txoj kev no synthesizes hypophosphorous acid los ntawm kev txo oxidized phosphorous acid (H5P3O10). Cov kauj ruam tshwj xeeb yog raws li hauv qab no:

(1) Kev npaj ntawm oxidized phosphorous acid: react phosphoric acid nrog ntau glacial acetic acid los tsim oxidized phosphorous acid.

H₃PO₄plus 2 CH₃COV → H₅P₃O₁₀plus 2 H₂O

(2) Txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: ua rau oxidized phosphorous acid nrog txo tus neeg sawv cev (xws li sodium phosphite, potassium phosphite, thiab lwm yam) nyob rau hauv alkaline tej yam kev mob los tsim hypophosphorous acid.

H₅P₃O₁₀plus 6 NaH₂PO₂ → 3H₃PO₂plus 6 NaHPO₃

4. Hydrothermal txoj kev:

Cov txheej txheem hydrothermal yog ib txoj kev sib txuas ua ke nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias. Cov kauj ruam tshwj xeeb yog raws li hauv qab no:

(1) Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: React phosphoric acid, phosphite los yog lwm yam phosphoric acid tebchaw nrog cov tshuaj uas tsim nyog (xws li formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, thiab lwm yam) hauv dej.

H₃PO₄plus 3 CH₂O → H3PO₂plus 3 H₂O plus CO₂

(2) Hydrothermal kev kho mob: Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib xyaw yog raug rau kev kho hydrothermal nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias, feem ntau ntawm 180-240 degree rau ob peb teev.

(3) Kev sib cais thiab purification: los ntawm kev pom, crystallization, distillation thiab lwm txoj kev, hypophosphorous acid yog sib cais thiab purified.

Kev sim cov kauj ruam ua haujlwm:

a. Pre-treatment thawv: Ua kom huv si thiab qhuav lub thawv siab kom ntseeg tau tias nws tsis muaj impurities.

b. Npaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: Ntxiv qhov tsim nyog ntawm cov kuab tshuaj (xws li dej) rau hauv cov hlab ntsha siab, thiab ntxiv cov kua qaub Hypophosphorous. Raws li qhov xav tau ntawm qhov kev sim, qhov molar ratio ntawm hnyav thiab reagent tuaj yeem hloov kho.

c. stirring thiab mixing: Pib lub stirring ntaus ntawv los yog ntxiv ib tug sib nqus do bar kom paub meej tias cov tshuaj yog tag nrho tov thiab tshem tawm.

d. Airtight thawv: nruj nreem kaw lub thawv ntim siab kom ntseeg tau tias sab hauv airtightness.

e. Cua sov thiab kub nce: Muab lub thawv ntim rau hauv cov khoom siv cua sov thiab maj mam nce qhov kub. Raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov khoom lag luam lub hom phiaj, qhov ntsuas cua sov thiab qhov ntsuas kub kawg tuaj yeem tswj tau.

f. Khaws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob: Tom qab ncav cuag qhov kub ntawm lub hom phiaj, tswj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias rau ib lub sijhawm. Lub sij hawm teb tau raug kho raws li kev xav tau ntawm kev sim.

g. Txias: Tsis txhob tso cua sov thiab cia cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom txias rau hauv chav tsev kub ib txwm muaj.

h. Qhib lub thawv: Thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qhov system txias tag, lub thawv ntim siab tuaj yeem qhib. Nco ntsoov tias txij li thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, ua tib zoo saib xyuas thaum qhib lub thawv kom tsis txhob raug mob.

i. Kev rho tawm ntawm cov khoom: Siv cov kev tsim nyog xws li pom, rho tawm, lossis crystallization cais cov khoom los ntawm kev daws.

j. Ntxuav thiab ziab: Ntxuav cov khoom nrog cov kuab tshuaj tsim nyog kom tshem tawm cov impurities, thiab ziab cov khoom los ntawm txoj kev tsim nyog xws li lub tshuab nqus tsev ziab lossis hnyav evaporation.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias thaum synthesizing Hypophosphorous acid, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb thiab siv cov cuab yeej tsim nyog thiab kev ntsuas. Qee cov txheej txheem hluavtaws yuav suav nrog qhov kub siab, siab, lossis tshuaj lom, yog li lawv yuav tsum tau saib xyuas. Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li kev thov tshwj xeeb thiab cov kev xav tau, cov txheej txheem tsim nyog tuaj yeem raug xaiv los npaj hypophosphorous acid.