1-Phenyl-2-nitropropene, tag nrho cov feem ntau hu ua nitrostyrene los yog 1-phenyl-2-nitropropylene, yog ib tug yam ntxwv compound nrog ob peb lub hom phiaj. Nws feem ntau yog siv los ua qhov chaw tsim khoom hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke tam sim no ntawm cov tshuaj, ua liaj ua teb synthetics, polymers, thiab lwm yam. Nws yog ib qho adaptable reactant vim lub pob nitro.
1-phenyl-2-nitropropene synthesized li cas?
Cov hauv qab no yog cov txheej txheem niaj hnub rau kev sib koom ua ke 1-phenyl-2-nitropropene, txhua tus muaj lawv tus kheej cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev siv:
1.Nitration ntawm cinnamaldehyde: Cinnamaldehyde yog tsim los ntawm kev loj hlob nitric thiab sulfuric acids siv lub tswv yim no. 1-phenyl-2-nitropropene yog zoo li tus thaum lub aldehyde hydrogen atom yog supplanted los ntawm lub pob nitro. Tej zaum ntawm qhov tseeb tshaj plaws thiab kev ntseeg siab sib xyaw, nrog qhov tseem ceeb rov qab thiab yooj yim, yog qhov no.
2. Henry teb: Cov lus teb no tshwm sim thaum nitroethane thiab benzaldehyde teb raws li qhov xwm txheej. Lub nucleophilic txuas ntxiv ntawm nitroalkane thiab aldehyde ua tiav kev txhim kho ntawm 1-phenyl-2-nitropropene. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Henry yog qhov tseem ceeb rau nws qhov tseem ceeb rov qab los thiab zoo ib yam nrog ntau hom substrates.
3.Kev tshem tawm cov lus teb: Lub cev qhuav dej ntawm nitro cawv xws li 2-methyl-2-nitro-1-phenylethanol thiab 1-phenyl-2-nitropropanol tuaj yeem ua rau muaj nitrostyrene. Qhov ob daim ntawv cog lus yog tsim thaum qhov kev hloov pauv no tshwm sim hauv kev tso tawm ntawm cov dej. Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau hloov cov txheej txheem no ntxiv rau hauv 1-phenyl-2-nitropropene, yuav tsum muaj kev nce qib ntxiv.
4.Wittig cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: Los ntawm Wittig kev tshawb fawb, nitrostyrene tuaj yeem tau los ntawm kev sib txuas benzaldehyde thiab nitroalkane-inferred phosphonium ntsev. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no suav nrog kev txhim kho ntawm ylide midway, uas tom qab ntawd, teb nrog cov aldehyde kom tau txais qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntuj siv cov lus teb Wittig, uas muab kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm zoo.
5.Cross-coupling cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: Palladium rog tuaj yeem siv ob peb styrenes nrog nitroalkanes, inciting qhov zoo tagnrho nitroalkene. Txoj kev no yog yoog tau rau substrate muaj thiab cov xwm txheej tshwm sim, ua rau nws yog ib qho cuab yeej siv tau zoo hauv cov khoom siv hluavtaws.
Ntawm cov txheej txheem no, nitration ntawm cinnamaldehyde yog qhov feem ntau nthuav dav niaj hnub hauv paus rau1-phenyl-2-nitropropene. Nws yog inclined mus rau vim hais tias ntawm nws ncaj nraim, tseem ceeb rov qab, thiab kev txawj ntse. Txawm li cas los xij, kom deb li deb ntawm substrate zoo sib xws, Henry cov lus teb zoo li tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo thiab nyiam nws cov txiaj ntsig. Kev xaiv ntawm cov tswv yim sib xyaw ua ke yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov xwm txheej xws li cov lus teb, cov txiaj ntsig xav tau, thiab kev nkag mus tau ntawm cov khoom pib.
Kev siv loj ntawm 1-phenyl-2-nitropropene yog dab tsi?
Cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke 1-phenyl-2-nitropropene yog hloov tau thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv ntau thaj chaw. Feem ntau siv yog:
1.Synthesis ntawm cov tshuaj: Ntau yam tshuaj, suav nrog chlorpheniramine, brompheniramine, fluoropheniramine, thiab dexbrompheniramine, yog tsim los siv 1-phenyl-2-nitropropene. Ntau cov kws tshuaj xav tau ib qho amine, uas tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm kev rhuav tshem cov pab pawg nitro.
2.Synthesis ntawm polymers: Nws feem ntau yuav yog polymerized los yog copolymerized los piav qhia txog nitro-muaj cov yas thiab cov pos hniav. Tus nqi nitro muab cov khoom uas tsis tau pom dua ua ntej xws li txuas ntxiv kom sov tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo thiab tawg tawm ntawm lub zog txhua yam.
3. Aromatic synergy: Los ntawm kev txo1-phenyl-2-nitropropene, nitrostyrene yog tsim, uas tuaj yeem siv los ua cov ntxhiab tsw qab aldehydes thiab amines rau cov ntxhiab tsw thiab aromas.
4. Cov tshuaj tua kab sib xyaw ua ke: Cov 1-phenyl-2-nitropropene nitro bunch nyob rau hauv raws li ib tug kov rau cov lus teb uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv kev loj hlob ntawm kab tsuag, tshuaj tua kab, thiab lwm yam agrichemicals.
5. Kev sib xyaw xim xim: 1-phenyl-2-nitropropene yog tsim nyog rau cov xim ntxiv vim nws cov ntxhiab tsw qab heev.
6. Kev nce qib thiab kev tshawb nrhiav: Raws li cov khoom tsim thaiv hauv cov tshuaj, polymer, thiab cov chaw tshawb fawb nyob deb nroog, 1-phenyl-2-nitropropene yog siv dav.
Vim hais tias ntawm nws cov reactive tab sis ruaj khov nitro functional pab pawg neeg, 1-phenyl-2-nitropropene yog ntau yam raws li ib tug precursor rau industrial compounds. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm tshiab vim nws cov ntawv thov hauv kev sib txawv.
Dab tsi yuav tsum tau ceev faj thaum siv 1-phenyl-2-nitropropene?
Thaum 1-phenyl-2-nitropropene yog ib qho tseem ceeb sib xyaw nrog cov ntawv thov sib txawv, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb los lav kev tswj hwm kev nyab xeeb kom txwv cov txiaj ntsig tau txais txiaj ntsig. Xav txog kev mus nrog kev ntsuas kev ruaj ntseg:
1. Siv cov khoom siv ceev faj: Ua haujlwm hauv lub hood fume thiab hnav cov iav tiv thaiv uas tsim nyog, xws li hnab looj tes, tsom iav, daim npog ntsej muag, thiab lub tsho tiv no, thaum siv 1-phenyl-2-nitropropene. Cov kev tawm dag zog no pab tiv thaiv kev sib cuag ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab xav tau kev ncaj ncees.
2.Tsis txhob ua pa sab hauv: Cov pa taws ntawm 1-phenyl-2-nitropropene tuaj yeem tsim kev puas tsuaj yog tias nqus tau, yog li nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv qhov chaw muaj cua zoo lossis nrog lub tshuab ua pa txaus kom tsis txhob muaj pa taws. .
3. Tsis muaj kev siv: Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob nqos1-phenyl-2-nitropropenevim tias tej zaum yuav muaj teeb meem. Khaws cov khoom sib xyaw tawm ntawm tib neeg lub qhov ncauj, dej haus, thiab zaub mov.
4.Siv cov chav ua haujlwm ruaj ntseg: Yog tias 1-phenyl-2-nitropropene los rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov kws kho mob tsawg, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij txaus ntshai. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem, nws yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv cov tuav uas siv tau nrog cov khoom sib txuas thiab tsis muaj zog rau cov khoom siv.
5. Kev sib dhos hauv av thiab daim ntawv cog lus: Kev xa khoom zoo tuaj yeem tso tawm qhov tawg vim nitrostyrene, tau txais los ntawm 1-phenyl-2-nitropropene, rhiab rau stagger thiab teeb. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ruaj ntseg thiab ua kom txhua yam khoom tsim nyog.
6. Ua raws li kev tiv thaiv hluav taws kev nyab xeeb: Thaum lub sijhawm noj, 1-phenyl-2-nitropropene tuaj yeem tsim cov pa roj carbon monoxide puas thiab yog cov nplaim taws. Muaj qhov tsim nyog hluav taws kub quenchers thiab qhib cov kev kawm tawm thaum muaj kev kub ntxhov yog qhov yooj yim.
Cov kev pheej hmoo cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm nrog 1-phenyl-2-nitropropene tuaj yeem raug txo los ntawm kev ua raws li cov kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb no. Cov chaw tshawb fawb tshawb fawb muaj peev xwm siv tau qhov hloov pauv hloov tau zoo vim lawv paub txog thiab muaj peev xwm txo tau qhov kev pheej hmoo uas nws tsim.
Nyob rau hauv tag nrho,1-phenyl-2-nitropropeneyog ib qho tseem ceeb thiab feem ntau siv engineered tsim thaiv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nyob deb nroog thiab cov tshuaj. Thaum tsiv ceev faj thiab ua raws li qee qhov chaw nyab xeeb txoj hauv kev, nws yooj yim thiab reactivity muab kev siv dav dav thoob plaws ntau yam kev lag luam.
Cov ntaub ntawv
1. Meth-Cohn O, Suschitzky H. Nitration ntawm cinnamaldehyde thiab phenylacetaldehyde. Phau ntawv Journal ntawm Chemical Society C: Organic. 1971(21):{4}}.
2. Henry L. Nitroaldol condensation. Acad. Sci. Paris. 1895; 120:1265–1268.
3. Marvel CS, Olson LE. Kev npaj ntawm qee qhov tshiab divinylbenzenes. Phau ntawv Journal ntawm American Chemical Society. 1928; 50(1):{4}}.
4. Wittig G, Schöllkopf U. Über Triphenyl-phosphinmethylene als olefinbildende Reagenzien (I). Chemische Berichte. 1954; 87(9): {5}}.
5. Murahashi S, Naota T, Saito E. Ruthenium-catalyzed alkylation ntawm allylic alcohols nrog thawj cawv. Phau ntawv Journal ntawm American Chemical Society. 2000; 122(49):{5}}.
6. Lub Koom Haum Ntiaj Teb Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv. Nitrostyrene. Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj Kev Ntsuas Tshuaj Thoob Ntiaj Teb 40. Geneva: WHO Xovxwm; Xyoo 2002.
7. Sikchi SA, Hultin PG. Electron-beam pib ntawm nitrostyrene polymerization. Phau ntawv Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition. 2004; 42(7):{5}}.