Dab tsi yog cov txheej txheem synthesis ntawm Phenacetin Crystal?

Txoj kev synthesis ntawmPhenacetin Crystalsuav nrog cov tshuaj ua tib zoo tswj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab cov kauj ruam ua kom huv. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab ua npaws no yog tsim los ntawm acetylation ntawm p-ethoxyaniline (tseem hu ua p-phenetidine) siv acetic anhydride lossis acetyl chloride. Cov txheej txheem feem ntau pib nrog kev npaj ntawm p-phenetidine los ntawm p-nitrophenol, ua raws li kev txo qis thiab acetylation. Cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb suav nrog ethylation, txo qis ntawm pawg nitro, thiab zaum kawg acetylation kom tau txais Phenacetin. Cov khoom uas tshwm sim yog ces crystallized kom tau Phenacetin ntshiab. Txoj kev sib xyaw no yuav tsum muaj kev tswj xyuas meej ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, suav nrog qhov kub, siab, thiab reagent ratios, kom ntseeg tau tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab purity ntawm cov khoom kawg. Cov txheej txheem kuj tseem muaj cov txheej txheem ua kom huv huv xws li recrystallization kom tshem tawm cov impurities thiab ua tiav cov tshuaj-qib Phenacetin haum rau siv hauv ntau daim ntawv thov kev kho mob.

Dab tsi yog cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv kev sib txuas ntawm Phenacetin?

Ethylation ntawm p-nitrophenol

Lub synthesis ntawm Phenacetin pib nrog ethylation ntawm p-nitrophenol, ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv nws cov khoom. Hauv cov txheej txheem no, p-nitrophenol reacts nrog tus neeg sawv cev ethylating, xws li ethyl bromide lossis diethyl sulfate, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej yooj yim. Ib lub hauv paus uas siv rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog cov poov tshuaj carbonate, uas yuav pab kom deprotonate p-nitrophenol, ua rau nws muaj zog dua rau tus neeg sawv cev ethylating. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov kuab tshuaj xws li acetone los yog dimethylformamide (DMF), uas muab ib qho nruab nrab haum rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab pab rau dissolving cov reactants. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kauj ruam ethylation no yog tsim ntawm p-nitrophenetole, ib qho chaw uas cov pab pawg nitro txuas nrog ethoxy pawg (–OCH2CH3) ntawm lub nplhaib aromatic. Qhov nruab nrab no, p-nitrophenetole, ua haujlwm ua ntej rau cov kauj ruam tom ntej hauv kev sib txuas ntawmPhenacetin Crystal. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntxiv yuav ua rau cov khoom kawg, nrog rau kev sib ntxiv ntawm ib pawg amide kom ua tiav cov qauv ntawm Phenacetin. Thawj kauj ruam ntawm ethylation yog qhov tseem ceeb, vim nws teeb tsa lub hauv paus rau cov kev hloov pauv tom ntej no.

Kev txo qis ntawm p-nitrophenetole

Tom qab cov kauj ruam ethylation, cov theem tseem ceeb tom ntej hauv kev sib txuas ntawm Phenacetin yog qhov txo qis ntawm p-nitrophenetole rau p-phenetidine. Qhov kev txo qis no feem ntau ua tiav los ntawm catalytic hydrogenation lossis siv cov tshuaj txo cov neeg ua haujlwm. Hauv catalytic hydrogenation, hlau catalyst, xws li palladium ntawm carbon lossis Raney npib tsib xee, yog ua haujlwm nrog hydrogen gas (H₂). Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej no, cov pab pawg nitro (-NO₂) ntawm lub nplhaib uas muaj ntxhiab raug txo mus rau ib pawg amino (-NH₂), uas ua rau tsim p-phenetidine. Qhov no yog ib qho kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv txoj hauv kev, raws li p-phenetidine ua haujlwm tseem ceeb nruab nrab rau Phenacetin synthesis. Xwb, tshuaj txo cov neeg ua haujlwm xws li hlau hauv cov kua qaub lossis sodium dithionite tuaj yeem siv los ua kom tiav qhov kev txo qis no. Ob txoj kev zoo hloov cov pab pawg nitro mus rau ib pawg amino, ua kom muaj kev vam meej mus rau qhov kawg xav tau. Kev ua tiav ntawm kev txo qis ntawm p-nitrophenetole rau p-phenetidine teeb tsa theem rau cov kauj ruam tom ntej, qhov twg cov khoom kawg, Phenacetin, yog synthesized.

Cov reagents twg yog siv rau hauv kev npaj ntawm Phenacetin crystals?

Acetic anhydride thiab acetyl chloride

Nyob rau theem kawg ntawmPhenacetin Crystalsynthesis, acetic anhydride lossis acetyl chloride ua haujlwm tseem ceeb rau cov acetylation ntawm p-phenetidine. Cov acetylating agents no qhia txog pawg acetyl (-COCH3) rau cov amino pawg p-phenetidine, tsim cov yam ntxwv amide daim ntawv cog lus hauv Phenacetin. Acetic anhydride feem ntau nyiam vim nws qhov qis qis thiab tuav tau yooj yim dua piv rau acetyl chloride. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv feem ntau yog ua nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm lub hauv paus, xws li sodium acetate los yog triethylamine, kom neutralize cov kua qaub byproduct thiab pab txhawb cov txheej txheem acetylation. Ua tib zoo tswj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, suav nrog qhov ntsuas kub thiab reagent piv, yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom zoo tshaj tawm thiab txo cov kev cuam tshuam sab nraud.

Solvents thiab crystallization agents

Kev npaj ntawm high-purity Phenacetin crystals yog siv los ntawm ntau yam kuab tshuaj thiab crystallization agents. Cov kuab tshuaj nquag ua haujlwm hauv cov txheej txheem synthesis thiab purification muaj xws li ethanol, methanol, thiab dej. Cov kuab tshuaj no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom cov reactants, ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam, thiab pab hauv kev ua kom huv. Rau crystallization, sib tov ntawm cov kuab tshuaj yuav siv tau los ua kom pom kev siv lead ua thiab purity. Ethanol-dej sib tov yog nquag ua haujlwm rau recrystallization ntawm Phenacetin. Tsis tas li ntawd, activated charcoal yuav siv tau los ua tus neeg saib xyuas kom tshem tawm cov impurities thiab txhim kho qhov pom kev zoo ntawm cov khoom kawg. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov kuab tshuaj thiab crystallization tej yam kev mob cuam tshuam rau cov siv lead ua loj, morphology, thiab purity ntawm Phenacetin khoom.

Dab tsi yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm acetic acid hauv kev sib txuas ntawm Phenacetin?

Cov tshuaj acetylation catalyst

Acetic acid plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb thiab ntau yam hauv kev sib txuas ntawmPhenacetin Crystaltshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv acetylation. Txawm hais tias nws tsis yog thawj tus neeg sawv cev acetylating, acetic acid yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev txhawb nqa cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm p-phenetidine thiab acetylating agents xws li acetic anhydride lossis acetyl chloride. Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus no, acetic acid ua raws li ib tug catalyst los ntawm kev pab ua kom cov carbonyl pab pawg neeg ntawm acetylation tus neeg sawv cev. Qhov kev ua kom muaj zog no ua rau carbonyl carbon ntau electrophilic, uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov molecule mus rau nucleophilic nres los ntawm cov amino pawg (-NH₂) ntawm p-phenetidine. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv acetylation ua haujlwm tau zoo dua thiab nrawm dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, acetic acid ua cov kuab tshuaj hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib tov, muab qhov nruab nrab tsim nyog rau cov reactants kom yaj thiab cuam tshuam. Nws lub luag hauj lwm raws li ob qho tib si catalyst thiab hnyav pab optimize cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tej yam kev mob, kom ntseeg tau cov kev vam meej tsim ntawm Phenacetin. Lub xub ntiag ntawm acetic acid tsis tsuas yog boosts efficiency ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tab sis kuj pab txhawb rau tag nrho cov kev vam meej ntawm cov txheej txheem synthesis.

PH kev cai thiab khoom ruaj khov

Lwm lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm acetic acid hauv Phenacetin synthesis yog pH tswj thiab khoom ruaj khov. Lub xub ntiag ntawm acetic acid pab tswj qhov chaw acidic thaum lub sij hawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab cov kauj ruam tom ntej. Qhov mob acidic no tseem ceeb heev rau ntau yam. Ua ntej, nws tiv thaiv hydrolysis ntawm cov tshiab tsim amide daim ntawv cog lus nyob rau hauv Phenacetin, uas yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob. Qhov thib ob, qhov acidic ib puag ncig pab txhawb kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov khoom Phenacetin thaum lub sij hawm kev sib cais thiab purification theem. Tsis tas li ntawd, acetic acid tuaj yeem pab hauv cov txheej txheem crystallization los ntawm kev cuam tshuam cov solubility thiab nag lossis daus tus cwj pwm ntawm Phenacetin. Los ntawm kev ua tib zoo tswj cov acetic acid concentration, manufacturers tuaj yeem ua kom zoo tshaj qhov tawm los thiab purity ntawm qhov kawg Phenacetin crystals.

Xaus

Nyob rau hauv xaus, lub synthesis ntawmPhenacetin Crystalkoom nrog cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov kauj ruam ua kom huv. Los ntawm qhov pib ethylation ntawm p-nitrophenol mus rau qhov kawg acetylation thiab crystallization txheej txheem, txhua theem yuav tsum tau tswj kom meej thiab optimization kom ntseeg tau zoo Phenacetin ntau lawm. Kev siv cov reagents tshwj xeeb, cov kuab tshuaj, thiab cov catalysts, suav nrog acetic acid, plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig xav tau thiab purity. Nkag siab cov ntsiab lus tsis sib xws ntawm Phenacetin synthesis yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov kws tsim tshuaj thiab cov kws tshawb fawb ua haujlwm ntawm kev txhim kho tshuaj analgesic.

Yog xav paub ntxiv txog Phenacetin thiab lwm yam tshuaj hluavtaws, thov hu rau peb ntawmSales@bloomtechz.com.

Cov ntaub ntawv

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