Gonadorelinyog peptide hormone tsim los ntawm 10 amino acid residues, nrog rau cov mis molecular ntawm C53H74N16O13 thiab tus txheeb ze molecular hnyav ntawm 1218.36. Nws yog cov hmoov dawb los yog yuav luag dawb, yuav luag tsis muaj ntxhiab thiab tsis qab. Soluble nyob rau hauv dilute acid thiab alkaline daws, tab sis insoluble nyob rau hauv organic solvents thiab dej. Yuav luag insoluble hauv dej ntshiab, tab sis soluble hauv acidic los yog alkaline daws. Nws muaj crystallinity siab thiab tuaj yeem crystallize rau hauv ntau hom, suav nrog rab koob zoo li, daim ntawv zoo li, thiab lwm yam. Cov qauv molecular muaj 10 amino acid residues, suav nrog 5 L-amino acid residues thiab 5 D-amino acid residues. Cov amino acid residues yog txuas los ntawm peptide bonds los tsim polypeptide chains. Hauv cov qauv molecular, kev hloov pauv ntawm D-amino acid residues thiab L-amino acid residues tsim cov qauv sib luag. Raws li peptide hormone, nws muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov. Raws li cov xwm txheej tsim nyog, nws tsis yooj yim rau cov tshuaj lom neeg xws li hydrolysis thiab oxidation. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv qee qhov xwm txheej, xws li cov kua qaub muaj zog, cov hauv paus, lossis qhov kub siab, Gonadorelin tuaj yeem hloov pauv qee yam tshuaj, xws li kev sib tsoo ntawm cov saw hlau, kev sib txuas, thiab lwm yam.
(Cov khoom txuas: https://www.bloomtechz.com/synthetic-chemical/peptide/gonadorelin-powder-cas-34973-08-5.html )
Cov txheej txheem soj ntsuam saum toj no rau Gonadorelin feem ntau suav nrog cov kauj ruam hauv qab no thiab lawv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib npaug:
1. Npaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov tshuaj reagents: Ntxiv PSS thiab deionized dej rau hauv peb lub caj dab, thiab ntxiv EDOT nyob rau hauv cov tshuab nplawm. PSS yog sodium polystyrene sulfonate, polymer resin uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov pab pawg ua haujlwm xws li carboxyl thiab amino pawg, thiab feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem synthesis ntawm peptides. EDOT yog cov khoom siv epoxy feem ntau tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov pab pawg ua haujlwm xws li cov amino pawg.
2. Oxidizing tus neeg sawv cev ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: Ntxiv cov tshuaj aqueous ntawm oxidizing tus neeg saib xyuas, xws li sodium persulfate thiab hlau sulfate, los ntawm lub siab tsis tu ncua funnel. Sodium persulfate yog ib qho muaj zog oxidant uas tuaj yeem oxidize EDOT los tsim cov epoxy sib txuas. Hlau sulfate tuaj yeem ua tus catalyst kom nrawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation. Nyob rau ntawm lub sijhawm no, EDOT nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov hlab ntsha reacts nrog PSS los tsim cov epoxy sib txuas.
3. Khoom theem peptide synthesis: Thaum tswj cov tshuab nplawm, cov saw peptide loj hlob raug cais tawm ntawm cov cab kuj thiab txuas ntxiv mus. Cov kauj ruam no feem ntau yog ntxiv cov kuab tshuaj uas tsim nyog, peptide chain carriers, thiab lwm yam tsim nyog reagents xws li amino acids, condensation agents, thiab lwm yam.
4. Kev sib cais thiab kev ua kom huv: Kev sib cais thiab kev ua kom huv yog ua los ntawm kab chromatography kom tshem tawm EDOT, PSS, thiab lwm yam impurities. Kem chromatography yog ib qho kev sib cais thiab purification txoj kev uas ua tiav kev sib cais los ntawm kev sib txawv ntawm cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov theem nyob ruaj khov thiab txawb.
5. Kev ntsuam xyuas thiab kev soj ntsuam zoo: Thaum kawg, ua qhov kev kuaj xyuas kom zoo thiab purity kom paub meej tias Gonadorelin synthesized ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, high-performance kua chromatography, thiab lwm yam yog feem ntau yog siv rau qhov zoo thiab purity nrhiav kom tau.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib npaug yog raws li hauv qab no:
(CH3)2C(O)CH2CH (OH) CH2OH + 2Na2S2O8 → (CH3)2C(O)CH2CH (OH) CH2O2Na+ 2Na2YOG4
(CH3)2C(O)CH2CH (OH) CH2O2Na+PSS-COOH → PSS-CO-[(CH3)2C(O)CH2CH (OH) CH2OH] + NaOH
PSS-CO-[(CH3)2C(O)CH2CH (OH) CH2OH] + H2NR-NH2->PSS-CO-[(CH3)2C(O)CH2CH (OH) CH2OH]- R-NH2 + NaOH
Ntawm lawv, (CH3)2C(O)CH2CH (OH) CH2OH sawv cev rau EDOT, PSS-COOH sawv cev rau carboxyl kawg ntawm PSS, thiab H2N-R-NH2 sawv cev rau cov amino acids. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb yuav txawv nyob ntawm qhov kev sim.
Fragment ua ke txoj kev yog ib txoj kev siv tshuaj synthesis uas siv tau los ua ke cov tshuaj peptide, xws li Gonadorelin. Cov nram qab no yog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws cov kauj ruam ntawm cov fragment ua ke txoj kev thiab nws cov chemical sib npaug:
1. Synthesis ntawm fragments
Hauv txoj kev sib xyaw ua ke, thawj kauj ruam yog los tsim cov khoom sib txawv uas ua rau cov tshuaj hormones peptide. Fragments feem ntau yog synthesized siv cov khoom-theem synthesis los yog kua-theem synthesis txoj kev.
Solid Phase Synthesis yog ib txoj hauv kev uas feem ntau siv rau cov khoom sib txuas. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, cov khoom thauj khoom theem (xws li polystyrene resin) yog siv los ua kev txhawb nqa thiab qhov ntev ntawm cov saw peptide yog maj mam txuas ntxiv los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev loj hlob.
Liquid phase synthesis yog ib txoj hauv kev thaum ntxov rau fragment synthesis. Hauv cov qauv no, cov amino acids sib txawv yog siv los ua cov khoom siv raw thiab qhov ntev ntawm cov saw peptide yog maj mam txuas ntxiv los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv condensation.
Chemical Equation:
Siv cov txheej txheem kev sib txuas ntawm lub xeev ua piv txwv, piv txwv li kev sib txuas ntawm peptide saw ntu uas muaj plaub cov amino acids, cov tshuaj sib npaug hauv qab no tuaj yeem siv los sawv cev rau nws:
COOH-NH-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CO-NH-CH(CH3)-COOH → COOH-NH-CH2-CH2-CH2-CO-NH-CH (CH3) - COV + H2O
Ntawm lawv, COOH-NH-CH2-CH2-CH2-COOH sawv cev rau cov amino acid pib (xws li lysine), NH2-CH(CH3)-COOH sawv cev rau cov amino acid thib ob (xws li alanine), thiab COOH-NH-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CO-NH-CH(CH3)-COOH sawv cev rau kev sib txuas ntawm peptide saw fragment.
2. Kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom tawg
Tom qab ua tiav ntawm fragment synthesis, ib qho kev sib txuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau txuas txhua feem kom tau txais cov tshuaj peptide kawg. DCC (Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide) feem ntau yog siv los ua tus txuas los txhawb kev sib txuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Chemical Equation:
Piv txwv tias ob qhov sib xyaw peptide feem A thiab B yuav tsum tau txuas nrog, cov kab zauv hauv qab no tuaj yeem siv los sawv cev:
COOH-NH-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CO-NH-CH(CH3)-COOH + NH2-CH(CH3)-COOH → COOH-NH-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CO-NH-(CH3) - COV)2 +H2O
Ntawm lawv, COOH-NH-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CO-NH-(CH3) - COV)2 sawv cev rau peptide hormone tom qab kev sib txuas.
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias txhua kauj ruam ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub fragment ua ke txoj kev yuav tsum tau xaiv cov kuab tshuaj uas tsim nyog thiab reagents los xyuas kom meej qhov zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab purity ntawm cov khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm fragment kev twb kev txuas theem, nws yog tsim nyog los xaiv cov linkers tsim nyog thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tej yam kev mob los xyuas kom meej cov efficiency ntawm kev twb kev txuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab purity ntawm cov khoom.
Gonadorelin yog peptide hormone nrog kev siv tshuaj kho mob dav dav. Txawm li cas los xij, vim qhov nyuaj ntawm nws cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua thiab kev sib txawv ntawm tus kheej, kev siv Gonadorelin tseem ntsib cov teeb meem.
Ua ntej, txawm hais tias Gonadorelin ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhawb nqa gonadotropin secretion thiab kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev, nws txoj kev ua haujlwm tseem tsis tau nkag siab tag nrho. Yog li ntawd, kev tshawb fawb ntxiv yuav tsum tau nthuav tawm nws cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm kom nkag siab zoo dua nws cov teebmeem physiological thiab pharmacological.
Qhov thib ob, muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm tus kheej hauv kev kho mob ntawm Gonadorelin. Qee tus neeg mob yuav tsis teb zoo rau kev kho Gonadorelin, uas tej zaum yuav muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog cov xwm txheej xws li tus neeg mob lub caj ces keeb kwm yav dhau, kev ua neej nyob, thiab lwm yam kab mob. Yog li ntawd, kev tshawb fawb ntxiv yog xav tau los txiav txim siab cov kev cuam tshuam no txhawm rau txhawm rau kwv yees cov lus teb ntawm tus neeg mob zoo dua.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txheej txheem synthesis thiab ntau lawm ntawm Gonadorelin yog qhov nyuaj, thiab cov txheej txheem tsim tau zoo thiab cov txheej txheem ntau lawm yuav tsum tau tsim los txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig thiab purity. Lub caij no, vim qhov hnyav molecular me me ntawm Gonadorelin, nws qhov kev ruaj ntseg tsis zoo, thiab xav tau kev tshawb fawb ntxiv los tshawb txog yuav ua li cas txhim kho nws txoj kev ruaj ntseg.
Txawm hais tias cov kev cov nyom no, Gonadorelin tseem muaj kev cia siab rau kev loj hlob. Nrog kev nce qib ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis thiab kev sib sau ua ke ntawm kev siv tshuaj kho mob, peb tuaj yeem cia siab tias yuav ua kom muaj kev vam meej ntxiv hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev kho mob ntawm Gonadorelin yav tom ntej. Piv txwv li, los ntawm kev kawm nws cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua thiab cuam tshuam, peb tuaj yeem nkag siab zoo dua nws cov teebmeem physiological thiab pharmacological, yog li muab cov neeg mob nrog kev kho mob zoo dua. Meanwhile, los ntawm kev txhim kho synthesis thiab ntau lawm txoj kev, peb muaj peev xwm nce yield thiab purity, yog li txo cov nqi kho mob thiab txhim kho kev siv tau.