Tetracaine hydrochloride, raws li cov tshuaj yeeb tshuaj loog hauv cheeb tsam tshuaj loog, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv chav kho mob. Nws cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua rau nws haum rau ntau qhov chaw kho mob niaj hnub ua rau kev kho mob tshwj xeeb, txhua qhov pom tau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Cov hauv qab no qhia txog kev sib tham hauv Tetracaine hydrocaine, kev tswj hwm qhov mob, kev kuaj mob arrhythes, thiab cov ntawv thov tshuaj ntsuam tshwj xeeb.
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Daim Ntawv Thov Kev Ua Yeeb Yam Kev Ua Yeeb Yam: Cov kev fajseeb khomob los ntawm kev phais mob niaj hnub ua rau cov txheej txheem nyuaj
Cov nyhuv tshuaj loog ntawm tetracaine hydrocaine hydrocharidide stems los ntawm nws cov kev thaiv ntawm cov hlab ntsha walnanes, uas yog li inhibiting conduction ntawm cov hlab ntshav conduction. Cov xeeb ceem no ua rau nws yog cov tshuaj tseem ceeb hauv ntau yam kev ua kom loog:
Cov kab mob epidural:Hauv MSTETRIC LAG LUAM ANALARES thiab mob plab phais enseshesia, tetracaine hydrocharide feem ntau yog txuas nrog lidocaine los tsim cov nyhuv synocaine. Cov kev siv feem ntau yog 0.15%- 0.3}}%, nrog ib koob ntawm {} mg, thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws tsis pub tshaj 80mg. Qhov kev sib xyaw no tsis tuaj yeem tsuas yog luv luv lub sijhawm ABSET tab sis kuj tau ua kom ntev ntev ntawm kev ua yeeb yam ntawm ib leeg- kev lom tshuaj lom.
Subarachnoid block:Rau kev phais xab ceg qis qis dua tshuaj loog rau ntawm 1ml, 10% cov piam thaj 1ml, thiab 3 tus kheej hydrochloride 1ML yog siv. Cov koob tshuaj ib txwm muaj 10mg, nrog rau qhov ntau tshaj plaws ntawm 15mg thiab ib qho koob ntau tshaj plaws ntawm 20mg. Cov mis no ua tiav kev tswj hwm kev ua kom loog ntawm kev tswj hwm kev tshuaj yeeb tshuaj thiab vaseoactivity.
Ateshaes Deg Deg:Rau kev tshuaj loog xav tau ntawm cov nqaij mucosal, tetracaine hydrocharide qhia cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb. Hauv ophthalmology, ib 1% isotonic tov yog siv rau kev ua yeeb yam enseshesia; nyob rau hauv otolaryngology, a 1% {{{{{}}% siv los daws qhov tsis xis nyob thaum lub endoscopic kev kuaj; Hauv kev sab nraud, nws tau thov ua ntej catheterization kom txo qis mob mob. Cov koob tshuaj ib txwm muaj feem ntau yog tswj tsis pub dhau 40mg kom paub tseeb tias kev nyab xeeb thaum lub rooj sib tham txog kev ua kom loog.
Hlab conduction thaiv:Nyob rau hauv peripheral hlab ntsha block, 0.1% {- 0.2}}% concentration ntawm tetracainide hydrocharide yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tagnrho. Qhov koob tshuaj yog {40 - 50 mg, nrog rau qhov ntau tshaj plaws ntawm 100mg. Cov txheej txheem ua tiav txheej txheem no ua tiav cov tshuaj loog tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev thaiv txoj hauv kev ncaj qha, thiab siv tau hauv kev phais mob limb thiab kev kho mob.
Kev Tswj Xyuas Qhov Mob: Ntau - qhov seem nyem nyem ntawm mob siab thiab mob ntev
Cov nyhuv analgesic ntawm tetracaine hydrocaror tsis txwv rau qhov kev phais; Nws tseem muaj dav thov hauv kev tswj hwm qhov mob:
Postoperative mob
Hauv kev phais cov tawv nqaij superficy thiab kev phais mob me me, kev txhaj tshuaj infiltration hydrocaine muaj peev xwm muab kev sib cav sib ceg rau 4-6 teev. Qhov "tiv thaiv kev sib tiv thaiv" lub tswv yim muaj peev xwm txo cov tshuaj opioids thiab txo qis ntawm cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm xeev siab thiab ntuav.
Mob Siab Mob
For small-area burns and trauma debridement operations, applying bupivacaine hydrochloride gel on the surface can quickly relieve pain. Nws liipid- Soluble cov cuab yeej pab tau cov tshuaj kom tau txig li 10-15 feeb, tswj cov nyhuv rau 2-3 teev.
Kev Mob Visceral
Colic mob tshwm sim los ntawm cov plab zom mov yog qhov qhia tshwj xeeb rau bupivacainide hydrochloride. Los ntawm inhibiting qhov kev sib kis ntawm sab hauv hlab ntsha sab hauv, ib 0.5% -1% convenation daws tau tuaj yeem daws qhov mob spastic. Cov kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam tau pom tias qhov kev kho mob no tuaj yeem txo cov neeg mob muaj mob los ntawm 60% -70%.
Neuropathic mob
Rau kev mob neuropathic xws li trigeminal neuralgia thiab sciatic hlab ntsha Ua ke nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj, ntau dua 50% ntawm cov neeg mob tuaj yeem ua tiav tus nqi ua mob ntawm ntau dua 70%.
Kev Kho Mob Arrhythmia: Electrophysiological Kev Cai hauv Cardiac phais
Daim ntawv thov ntawm tetracaine hydrochloride hauv daim teb ntawm cardiology stems los ntawm nws cov cim hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb hluav taws xob:
Kev tiv thaiv ntawm arrhythmia thaum phais
Hauv kev qhib - kev phais plawv, ib 0.5% -1% muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm lub plawv hydrocainthothmias tau los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov dej khov kho ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab txo qhov kev txaus siab ntawm myocardium. Cov ntaub ntawv kuaj mob qhia tias qhov kev ntsuas no tau txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua haujlwm hnyav ntawm kev ua haujlwm hnyav heev thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm los ntawm 15% rau hauv qab 3%.
Kev Kho Mob ntawm ventricular arhythmias
Rau malignant arrhythmias xws li torsales de sentricular tachycardia, tetracaine hydrocaror tuaj yeem siv ua qhov thib ob {}} kab tshuaj kho tshuaj. Nws cov tshuab ntawm kev nqis tes ua suav nrog lub sij hawm ua ntej cov kev ua muaj peev xwm muaj peev xwm ua tau ntev thiab inhibiting thaum ntxov thiab lig depolarization. Cov tswj hwm feem ntau yog muab los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm 1-2 mg / kg, ua raws los ntawm kev saib xyuas ntawm 1-4 mg / min.
Pab hluav taws xob tsis pab
Ua ntej ua yeeb yam ncaj qha cardioversion, daim ntawv thov hauv zos ntawm tetracaine hydrochloride thiab nce txoj kev vam meej ntawm cardioversion. Qhov no "tshuaj ua ntej ua ntej - kev kho mob" tuaj yeem txo cov zog rau cardioversion los ntawm 20% -30% thiab tseem txo cov kab mob tawv nqaij.
Raj thaiv cov txheej txheem: qhov ntsuas pom kev mob teeb liab
Daim ntawv thov ntawm tetracaine hydrochloride hauv thaj teb ntawm cov leeg thaiv pom pom tias nws tus nqi hauv cov tshuaj:
Stellate ganglion thaiv
Thaum siv los kho Raynaud tus kab mob thiab cov txheej txheem sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob ntawm Lidocaine Hydrocainide tuaj yeem ua tiav cov hlab ntsha thaiv. Cov txheej txheem no tswj hwm cov nro ntawm cov ntshav ncig ua si, ua rau tus neeg mob txhais tes thiab txo qis cov qhab nia los ntawm ntau dua 50%.
Lumbar Fascia sib txawv
Thaum lub sij hawm phais mob plab qis dua, 15-20 ml Piv nrog epidural tshuaj loog, cov txheej txheem no muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm yooj yim thiab ntau yam tshwj xeeb, thiab yog tsim nyog tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg mob nrog kev ua haujlwm tsis sib haum.
Brachial plex cheem thaiv
Rau cov kev phais kab sab sauv, ib qho kev sib txuas lus sib txuas lus yog siv los txhaj 20-30 ml ntawm 0.2% liidocaine, uas tuaj yeem ua tiav cov hauv paus ntawm C5-T1 cov hauv paus hniav. Cov txheej txheem no ua kom tiav lub cev muaj zog cov hlab ntsha block hauv qhov chaw phais thiab cov xim mos mos thaiv ntev rau 6-8 teev.
Kev Pab Saib Xyuas Tshwj Xeeb: Txhim Kho Tus Neeg Mob Siab Thiab Kev Nyab Xeeb
Tetracaine hydrochloride ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev kuaj tsis tau:
Kev kuaj Endoscopic
Ua ntej lub gastroscopy, thov kev daws teeb meem ntawm tetracaine hydrocareide rau sab xub ntiag ntawm endoscope tuaj yeem txo tus neeg mob loog hauv lub caj pas los ntawm 80% thiab xeev xeev siab txog 65%. Thaum lub sij hawm kev kos duab, kev tshuaj loog saum npoo ntawm lub qhov hluavthaa tuaj yeem ua rau lub sijhawm kuaj xyuas los ntawm 20% thiab txhim kho tus neeg mob ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig.
Bronchoscopy Kev Xeem
Siv 2% tetracaine hydrocainide rau ardosol inhalation rau kev hnoos qeev thaum 40% thiab nce tus saib xyuas cov ntshav ua rau saum toj 95%. Cov txheej txheem no yog tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg laus thiab cov neeg mob ntsws tsis zoo ntsws ntsws.
Tso zis kev ntsuam xyuas
Ua ntej cystoscopy, txhaj 5-10ml ntawm 1% Bupivacaine daws rau hauv lub nroog zis tau los ntawm 7 ntsiab lus) rau 2 tus nqi ntawm kev kuaj mob txog 98%. Rau cov txiv neej cov neeg mob, qhov kev ntsuas no tuaj yeem txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua phem rau kev ua phem.
Daim ntawv thov rau cov neeg tshwj xeeb: Kev Tsim Daim Phiaj Xwm Kev Kho Mob
Daim ntawv thov ntawm tetracaine hydrochloride nyob rau hauv cov neeg tshwj xeeb yuav tsum nruj ua raws cov cai:
Tus Neeg Mob Pediaric:Rau neonatal epidgural tshuaj loog, ib qho siab ntawm 0.1%- 0.15% yog siv, nrog cov tshuaj siv lub cev hnyav thaum0.5 - 1 mg / kg. Rau cov tshuaj loog saum npoo av hauv cov menyuam yaus, kev pom zoo 0.5% yog pom zoo, nrog ib koob tsis tshaj 2mg / kg. Cov kev hloov kho no tuaj yeem txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm nruab nrab ntawm cov hlab ntsha toxicity.
Cov neeg mob laus:Rau cov neeg mob muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 65 xyoos, cov tshuaj loog uas epidural yuav tsum tau txo los ntawm 30% {%, thiab electrocard lub tswv yim yuav tsum muaj zog. Rau cov neeg mob laus uas muaj cov kab mob sib kis, muaj tsawg (0.1%- 0.15% faib cov phiaj xwm kev tswj hwm tau, nrog ib koob tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis pub dhau 30mg.
Cov poj niam cev xeeb tub:Rau obtetric epidgural tshuaj loog, ib qho kev xav ntawm 0.1% pom zoo. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob siv tshuaj hla kev hla kev placental strawb, nws raug nquahu kom zam dhau qhov no. Thaum lub sij hawm ua haujlwm Analgesia, tus neeg mob - tswj cov ntshav tsis tu ncua, tswj cov kev pab ntshav tas li hauv kev nyab xeeb ntawm0.5 - 1}}}}.
Cov neeg mob uas muaj lub siab tsis sib xws:Rau cov neeg mob uas muaj menyuam yaus- Ghgh Cy, cov koob tshuaj Cov neeg mob no tau txo qis cov nqi tshuaj kho thiab muaj feem xyuam rau kev lom zem. Kev saib xyuas ze ntawm cov pa hluav tshuaj plasma.
Daim ntawv thov kev ceev faj thiab kev tswj kev pheej hmoo
Txawm hais tias tetracaine hydrochloride muaj daim ntawv thov chaw kuaj mob dav dav, nws cov kuab tshuaj lom tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej. Hauv kev kuaj mob, cov xim tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them rau:
Qhov siab tshaj plaws koob tshuaj rau cov neeg laus yog 100mg, thiab tag nrho cov koob tshuaj txhua hnub yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 400mg. Tshaj li cov koob tshuaj no yuav ua rau nruab nrab ntawm cov hlab ntsha toxicity, manifestus li tinnitus, vertigo, certigo, nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob plawv thiab ua pa tawm.
Kwv yees li 0.5% rau 1% ntawm cov neeg mob yuav ua tsis haum, uas muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj, ua pa nyuaj, thiab ntshav siab. Ua ntej thawj tswj hwm, cov lus nug ntxaws txog keeb kwm ntawm kev fab nyuab xeeb yuav tsum tau ua, thiab kev kuaj tawv nqaij thiab kev kuaj tawv nqaij yog tsim nyog. Thaum muaj kev fab tshuaj tsis haum, cov tshuaj yuav tsum nres tam sim ntawd thiab cawm tau ntau yam li adrenaline thiab glucocorticoids yuav tsum tau muab tswj hwm.
Kev siv cov tshuaj sulfonamide yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm Crystalluria; Kev siv nrog anti {- Cov tshuaj Arrhythmic tuaj yeem txhim kho lub plawv Inhibitory; co {{{{}} kev tswj hwm nrog daim siab enzyme inibitors yuav prolong recour cov tshuaj ib nrab {2} lub neej. Cov kev sib cuam tshuam no yuav tsum muaj kev ntsuas kev ntsuas ua ntej noj tshuaj.
Cov tsis haum rau ester cov tshuaj loog hauv zos tsis muaj zog, cov neeg mob uas muaj lub siab lossis cov neeg mob tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob siv cov khoom no. Rau cov neeg mob uas muaj cov ntshav tsis txaus ntseeg lossis poob siab, nws yuav tsum tau siv nrog kev ceev faj los tiv thaiv cov nqaij mos keeb kwm.
Tag
Tetracaine hydrochloride, uas yog cov tshuaj loog hauv cheeb tsam ntawm kev tshuaj loog hauv zos, tau muab kev pab kho kom zoo dua qub, kev txhawb nqa kom tau txais kev ntsuas tshwj xeeb. Los ntawm kev ntsuas tshuaj xyuas cov tshuaj kho mob, thiab kev saib xyuas nruj ntawm cov kev sib raug zoo, nws lub chaw kuaj mob tuaj yeem siv tau, thaum txo qis kev pheej hmoo. Nyob rau yav tom ntej, nrog kev txhim kho cov thev naus laus zis tshiab xws li nano- Cov khoom siv kho mob ntawm tetracaine hydrochloride thiab nyab xeeb} kev pab kho mob zoo dua.