Shaanxi BLOOM Tech Co., Ltd. yog ib qho ntawm cov tuam ntxhab thiab cov muag khoom ntawm angiotensin ntsiav tshuaj hauv Suav teb. Txais tos rau cov lag luam wholesale bulk zoo angiotensin ntsiav tshuaj muag ntawm no los ntawm peb lub hoobkas. Kev pabcuam zoo thiab tus nqi tsim nyog muaj.
Angiotensin yog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm renin -angiotensin system (RAS). Raws li nws cov tshuaj formulation,angiotensin ntsiav tshuajua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub cev hauv kev tswj hwm cov hlab plawv homeostasis, kua dej tshuav, cov ntaub so ntswg metabolism thiab lwm yam txheej txheem physiological hauv lub cev. Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub cev feem ntau tsom mus rau peb yam: kev ua siab ntev ntawm lub paj hlwb, kev cuam tshuam hauv nruab nrab, thiab ntev - lub sij hawm cell loj hlob thiab hloov kho.
Cov dej num no koom tes thiab sib cuam tshuam nrog ib leeg los tswj lub cev kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev, thiab tseem cuam tshuam nrog kev tshwm sim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm ntau yam kab mob.
Peb Cov Khoom Muag Khoom
Angiotensin COA
Sympathetic Nervous System Activation
Lub sympathetic paj hlwb yog lub hauv paus kev tswj hwm ntawm lub cev cov lus teb kev ntxhov siab, feem ntau yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab plawv thiab cov qib metabolic. Ib qho ntawm feem ntau ncaj qha physiological functions ntawmangiotensin ntsiav tshuajyog mus qhib lub sympathetic paj hlwb. Nws txhim kho kev sib haum xeeb excitability los ntawm dual mechanisms, yog li ntxiv dag zog rau cov hlab plawv contractile cov lus teb thiab tswj arterial siab stability, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog exerting ib qho tseem ceeb compensatory nyhuv thaum arterial siab poob los yog ntshav ntim tsis txaus.
(I) Txhawb nqa Norepinephrine tso tawm los ntawm Sympathetic Nerve Terminals
Norepinephrine yog lub ntsiab neurotransmitter tso tawm los ntawm cov paj hlwb sympathetic terminals, thiab nws cov nyiaj tso tawm ncaj qha txiav txim siab txog qib ntawm kev ua siab zoo, uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab plawv. Lub active ingredient nyob rau hauv nws muaj peev xwm tshwj xeeb ua nyob rau hauv lub presynaptic membrane ntawm sympathetic paj terminals. Los ntawm kev ua kom Ang II hom 1 receptors (AT₁R) ntawm lub presynaptic daim nyias nyias, nws ua rau calcium ion influx thiab txhawb kev fusion ntawm synaptic vesicles nrog presynaptic membrane, yog li ua rau kom tso tawm norepinephrine.
(II) Inhibiting Norepinephrine Reuptake
Ntxiv nrog rau kev txhawb nqa norepinephrine tso tawm, nws tseem tuaj yeem ua kom nws lub sijhawm ua haujlwm hauv lub synaptic cleft los ntawm inhibiting norepinephrine reuptake, ntxiv dag zog rau cov nyhuv excitatory ntawm lub paj hlwb sympathetic. Nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj lub cev muaj zog, feem ntau norepinephrine tso tawm los ntawm cov paj hlwb sympathetic terminals yog rov qab mus rau cov hlab ntsha terminals los ntawm reuptake transporters ntawm lub presynaptic daim nyias nyias, li no terminating nws physiological nyhuv thiab tiv thaiv ntau sympathetic activation.
Cov ntaub ntawv qhov chaw: National Center for Biotechnology Information. Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm renin-hypertensin-aldosterone thiab sympathetic nervous systems[J]. PubMed, 1993; Suav Association ntawm Pathophysiology, Vascular Medicine Committee. Renin-hypertensin-aldosterone system[J]. Suav Journal of Pathophysiology, 2024.
Central teebmeem
Nws tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog ua rau cov hlab ntsha peripheral sympathetic paj hlwb tab sis kuj hla cov ntshav - hlwb teeb meem mus rau hauv lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb, ua rau cov tub ntxhais hauv nruab nrab thaj tsam xws li hypothalamus thiab medulla oblongata kom ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev tswj hwm hauv nruab nrab, feem ntau suav nrog kev txhawb nqa qhov nqhis dej hauv nruab nrab, kev tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm siab, thiab kev tswj hwm lub cev. Cov teebmeem no koom tes nrog cov txheej txheem kev tswj hwm peripheral los koom ua ke tswj lub cev cov kua dej sib npaug thiab arterial siab homeostasis.
(I) Txhim kho qhov chaw nqhis dej thiab nce dej kom tsawg
Qhov chaw nqhis dej feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv supraoptic thiab paraventricular nuclei ntawm hypothalamus, lub luag haujlwm rau kev hnov lub cev dej metabolism. Thaum lub cev qhuav dej, qhov chaw nqhis dej tau qhib kom ua kom nqhis dej, ua rau muaj dej txaus kom ntxiv cov kua dej thiab tswj cov kua dej sib npaug. Nws ua rau qhov chaw nqhis dej los ntawm ob txoj hauv kev: ua ntej, ncaj qha hla cov ntshav- lub hlwb thaiv kev ua ntawm AT₁R hauv qhov chaw nqhis dej hypothalamic, ncaj qha ua rau nqhis dej ncaj qha -txog cov neurons thiab ua rau nqhis dej; Thib ob, indirectly xa cov teeb liab hauv nruab nrab los ntawm stimulating peripheral vascular baroreceptors synergistically qhib qhov chaw nqhis dej.
(II) Kev Cai Nruab Nrab ntawm Ntshav Siab
Muaj ib lub chaw tshwj xeeb ntawm kev tswj hwm lub siab nyob rau hauv lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb, feem ntau nyob hauv plawv plawv ntawm medulla oblongata, nrog rau vasoconstrictor center thiab vasodilator center. Qhov sib npaug ntawm ob qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm lub cev basal arterial siab theem. Cov khoom xyaw nquag hauvangiotensin ntsiav tshuajtuaj yeem ua rau lub plawv plawv medullary los txhim kho qhov excitability ntawm vasoconstrictor chaw thiab inhibit qhov kev ua ntawm vasodilator chaw, yog li ua tiav cov kev cai hauv nruab nrab ntawm kev nce ntshav siab.
(III) Kev Koom Tes Hauv Kev Cai Baroreflex
Baroreflex yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis zoo tawm tswv yim tswj mechanism rau kev tswj cov hlab ntsha siab stability. Thaum cov hlab ntsha siab nce siab, baroreceptors hauv carotid sinus thiab aortic arch tau qhib, thiab cov hlab ntsha afferent xa cov teeb liab mus rau qhov chaw, inhibiting vasoconstrictor center thiab activating lub vasodilator center kom txo cov hlab ntsha.
Thaum cov hlab ntsha siab poob qis, cov cim qhia tsis zoo los ntawm baroreceptors tsis muaj zog, thiab lub chaw ua haujlwm qhib lub vasoconstrictor center thiab inhibits vasodilator center kom nce ntshav siab. Nws koom nrog kev tswj hwm zoo ntawm arterial siab los ntawm kev hloov kho qhov rhiab heev ntawm baroreflex.
Cov ntaub ntawv qhov chaw: American Physiological Society. Hypertensin, nqhis dej, thiab Sodium Appetite [J]. Physiol. Rev, 1998; American Physiological Society. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm hypotension thiab kua dej depletion ntawm central hypertensin-induced nqhis dej thiab ntsev qab los noj mov[J].
Kev loj hlob ntawm tes thiab kev hloov kho (Long-Tsev Teeb Meem)
Ntxiv rau qhov luv luv - lub sij hawm ua kom muaj kev sib haum xeeb thiab kev tswj hwm hauv nruab nrab, kev siv lub sijhawm ntev - nws tseem ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm tes thiab kev hloov kho, feem ntau yog tsom rau lub hom phiaj hauv nruab nrog cev xws li myocardium, cov hlab ntsha thiab ob lub raum. Los ntawm kev txhawb nqa kev loj hlob thiab hypertrophy ntawm cov hlwb cuam tshuam, nws ua rau kev hloov kho cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov kabmob. Thaum tuav cov ntaub so ntswg homeostasis, qhov ntev ntev - cov nyhuv no kuj muaj feem cuam tshuam rau qhov tshwm sim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob plawv thiab lub raum, uas yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev kev ua haujlwm ntawm nws.
(I) Txhawb nqa Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy thiab Fibroblast Proliferation, Inducing Myocardial Hypertrophy
Myocardial cov ntaub so ntswg yog tsim los ntawm cardiomyocytes thiab cardiac fibroblasts, nyob rau hauv uas cardiomyocytes yog lub luag hauj lwm rau myocardial contraction thiab fibroblasts synthesize extracellular matrix kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg myocardial. Thaum nws ua rau cov ntaub so ntswg myocardial ntev, lawv tuaj yeem txhawb nqa cardiomyocyte hypertrophy thiab cardiac fibroblast proliferation los ntawm activating AT₁R, yog li inducing myocardial hypertrophy, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwm sim ntawm nws ntev - lub sij hawm cell remodeling nyhuv.
(II) Txhawb nqa Glomerular Mesangial Proliferation, Inducing Renal Injury thiab Proteinuria
Lub raum yog ib lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm lub cevangiotensin ntsiav tshuaj. Nws ntev - lub sij hawm cell loj hlob thiab kho cov nyhuv yog feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv txhawb glomerular mesangial cell proliferation, uas nyob rau hauv lem ua rau lub raum raug mob thiab proteinuria. Glomerular mesangial hlwb nyob nruab nrab ntawm glomerular capillary loops, lub luag hauj lwm rau kev txhawb nqa glomerular qauv thiab tswj glomerular pom muaj nuj nqi.
Lawv qhov kev loj hlob txawv txav ua rau cov glomerular pom daim nyias nyias thiab ua rau lub raum tsis ua haujlwm.Ang II tuaj yeem ua rau AT₁R ntawm glomerular mesangial hlwb los qhib cov kev qhia txog kev sib txuas, txhawb nqa mesangial cell proliferation, thiab txhawb cov hlwb mesangial los ua kom muaj ntau qhov ntawm extracellular matrix ntawm glomerular expansion, ua rau cov kab mob mesangial loj hlob tuaj. glomerular pom membrane.
Cov ntaub ntawv Source: PMC. Ang II-Induced Signal Transduction Mechanisms for Cardiac Hypertrophy[J]. PubMed Central, 2022; PMC. Pathophysiology ntawm Ang II-Kev Mob Ntshav Siab, Mob Ntshav Qab Zib, thiab Tsis Ua Haujlwm: Kev Pom Zoo los ntawm Macrophages[J]. Pub Med Central, 2023.
I. Chemical Synthesis ntawm Core Active Component
Tam sim no, cov kua -theem "kua- tuav txoj kev" yog siv los ua kev lag luam los ua ke hypertensin active polypeptides (kev kho mob feem ntau siv Ang II ua piv txwv).
Txoj kev no ua tau zoo thiab ua kom cov khoom purity. Lub synthesis siv cov amino acids raw khoom thiab 1,2-dichloroethane ua cov organic hnyav, maj mam txuas cov peptide saw los ntawm kev rov ua dua ntawm acylation, ntxuav, deprotection, neutralization thiab lwm yam.
Ua ntej, C-terminal amino acid benzyl ester dhau acylation nrog Boc-amino acids nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm ib tug coupling tus neeg sawv cev los ua ib tug dipeptide; Tom qab ntawd, cov -amino tiv thaiv pab pawg raug tshem tawm, thiab cov kauj ruam acylation yog rov qab mus txuas ntxiv cov amino acids uas xav tau kom txog rau thaum ua tiav octapeptide precursor tsim.
Thaum kawg, cov pab pawg tiv thaiv raug tshem tawm ntawm hydrogenation kom tau txais cov nquag nquag Ang II polypeptide, nrog rau tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kwv yees li 78%. Tsis tas li ntawd, siab -kev ua haujlwm ua kua-theem thim rov qab-theem chromatography siv polystyrene-divinylbenzene copolymer tuaj yeem siv rau kev ua kom huv thiab desalination ntawm cov khoom nyoos kom ua tiav qhov loj - kev npaj.
II. Tablet Formulation Processing Flow
Tom qab ua kom huv si, hypertensin polypeptide yuav tsum tau muab sib xyaw nrog cov khoom tsim nyog thiab ua tiav rau hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj los ntawm kev siv tshuab thev naus laus zis kom ntseeg tau tias nws ruaj khov thiab bioavailability.
Thawj kauj ruam yog raw khoom pretreatment: siab -purity hypertensin polypeptide yog tov nrog fillers thiab binders, thiab ntub granulation yog saws los npaj cov sib tov rau hauv uniform granules. Tom qab ziab thiab sizing, lubricants yog ntxiv los xyuas kom meej granule fluidity.
Cov kauj ruam thib ob yog cov ntsiav tshuaj: cov granules tsim nyog tau muab tso rau hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj xovxwm thiab compressed rau hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub siab tsim nyog, nrog rau cov ntsiav tshuaj hnyav, hardness thiab disintegration lub sij hawm nruj me ntsis tswj kom tsis txhob overly nkig los yog tawv ntsiav tshuaj cuam tshuam rau dissolution.
Qhov thib peb kauj ruam yog kev soj ntsuam zoo: nruj soj ntsuam yog ua nyob rau hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj purity, cov ntsiab lus uniformity, disintegration tus nqi thiab lwm yam qhia, thiab cov khoom tsim nyog tau ntim. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem formulation yuav tsum nruj tswj ntawm ambient kub thiab av noo los tiv thaiv degradation ntawm polypeptide active ingredient.
Data source: PubChem. Txoj kev npaj hypertensin thiab hypertensin acetate - Patent CN-103965296-B[P]; OSD Machinery. Cómo se fabrican las tabletas: un proceso paso a paso [EB/OL].
IV. Kev Phem Tsis Zoo
hnoos qhuav (ACEI)
01
Angioedema (ACEI/ARB)
02
Hyperkalemia (ACEI/ARB)
03
Thrombotic txheej xwm nrog Ang II txhaj
04
Mesenteric / acral ischemia (Ang II)
05
Cov ntaub ntawv qhov chaw: Kev nce qib hauv kev siv perioperative ntawm Ang II.
FAQ
Qhov twg yog hypertensin tsim?
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Hypertensin yog tsim los ntawm ntau lub cev - cascade: lubdaim siabtsim lub precursorangiotensinogen, uas yog cleaved los ntawm renin (los ntawm ob lub raum) mus rau hauv inactive hypertensin I, uas yog thaum kawg hloov mus rau active Ang II feem ntau yog los ntawmhypertensin-hloov enzyme (ACE), pom hnyav heev hauv lublub ntswsthiab lub raum.
Dab tsi ua rau cov qib siab hypertensin?
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Cov qib ACE nce qib tau tshaj tawm hauv granulomatous - cov kab mob inflammatory xws li sarcoidosis thiab cov kab mob sib xyaw ua ke, nephropathies txuam nrog ntshav qab zib thiab glomerulonephritis, kab mob plawv (xws li sab laug ventricular hypertrophy), hlwb thiab myocardial infarction.
Cim npe nrov: angiotensin ntsiav tshuaj, lwm tus neeg, manufacturers, hoobkas, lag luam wholesale, yuav, nqe, tej, kev muag khoom