L-carnitine L-tartrate hmoov(lclt), lub npe tshuaj tag nrho yog L-carnitine l-tartrate. Nws yog ib daim ntawv ruaj khov ntawm L-carnitine. L-carnitine l-tartrate muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo. Nws tsis yooj yim rau nqus dej noo thiab nyob ruaj khov hauv cov dej ntub. Nws yog dawb crystalline hmoov nrog ib tug qab ntxiag acidic tsw. Nws tsis muaj kev phiv rau tib neeg lub cev. Nws yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau cov neeg koom tes nrog aerobic ce kom txo tau rog, thiab cov nyhuv yog pom tseeb. Carnitine tartrate hmoov kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev lag luam tshuaj los txhawb cov plaub hau kev loj hlob. Nws yog feem ntau siv rau hauv cov khoom kho mob thiab kev noj qab haus huv, khoom noj khoom haus additives, thiab lwm yam. Tam sim no, muaj ntau qhov kev thov hauv khw. Ntawm cov kev txiav txim yav dhau los peb tau xaus, cov lag luam tseem ceeb ntawm L-carnitine l-tartrate yog concentrated hauv Canada, UK, thiab Tebchaws Meskas.
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Tshuaj Formula |
C11H19 NPO 8 |
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Exact Mass |
293 |
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Molecular Luj |
293 |
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m/z |
293 (100.0%), 294 (11.9%), 295 (1.6%) |
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Elemental Analysis |
C, 45.05; H, 6.53; N, 4.78; O, 43.64 |
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Kev tshuaj xyuas cov qauv molecular ntawm L-carntine tartrate yog cov txheej txheem nyuaj uas muaj ntau yam sib txawv thiab cov txheej txheem kev sim. Hauv qab no yog cov lus piav qhia dav dav ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas cov qauv molecular.
Ua ntej, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los qhia meej cov mis molecular ntawm L-carntine tartrate. Cov mis mos molecular ntawm L-carntine tartrate yog C16H13O13N, uas muaj ib pawg L-carnitine (C7H15NO3) thiab ib pawg tartaric acid (C4H4O6).
Tom ntej no, cov ntaub ntawv qauv molecular ntawm L-carntine tartrate tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm cov txheej txheem kev sim sib txawv. Ntawm lawv, X-ray crystal diffraction yog ib txoj kev siv ntau. Los ntawm kev siv X-ray crystal diffraction thev naus laus zis, cov qauv siv lead ua tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los txiav txim siab peb - qauv qauv ntawm molecules.
Tom qab tau txais cov ntaub ntawv qauv molecular ntawm L-carntine tartrate, computer simulation software tuaj yeem siv los tsim thiab simulate cov qauv molecular. Los ntawm qhov kev sim no, nws tuaj yeem nkag siab ntxiv txog cov khoom thiab kev coj cwj pwm ntawm cov molecules, xws li lawv cov polarity, hydrophobicity, hydrogen bonding, thiab lwm yam.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) thev naus laus zis kuj yog ib qho kev siv tshuaj ntsuam xyuas cov qauv molecular. Los ntawm kev siv cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob sib nqus resonance, tshuaj lom neeg ib puag ncig uas cov pab pawg ua haujlwm sib txawv thiab cov atoms nyob hauv cov molecules tuaj yeem txiav txim siab, yog li inferring tus qauv thiab conformation ntawm lub molecule.
Thaum kawg, los ntawm kev suav cov tshuaj quantum, cov qauv molecular tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua ntxiv thiab tsis muaj zog xws li lub zog molecular, lub zog ntawm lub zog, thiab kev vibrational zaus yuav suav tau. Cov kev ntsuas no tuaj yeem muab piv nrog cov ntaub ntawv sim los txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov qauv molecular.
L-carnitine L-tartrate hmoovyog ib qho ntsev ruaj khov ntawm L-carntine thiab tartaric acid. Vim nws cov bioavailability siab, dej solubility, thiab stability, nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam teb xws li kev tswj kev noj qab haus huv, khoom noj khoom haus kev ua si, zaub mov kev lag luam, ua liaj ua teb yug me nyuam, tshuaj pleev ib ce, thiab industrial manufacturing.
1. Cov roj metabolism thiab tswj qhov hnyav
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog txhawb nqa kev thauj cov roj fatty acids mus rau mitochondria rau beta oxidation, yog li ua kom cov rog ua kom muaj zog. Qhov no mechanism ua rau nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom yuag poob:
Cov kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam kev txhawb nqa: Ib qho kev soj ntsuam randomized tswj cov neeg rog rog pom tau tias ntxiv 2 grams ib hnub, ua ke nrog kev siv zog nruab nrab, ua rau 3.2% txo qis hauv lub cev rog feem pua thiab 4.1 cm hauv duav ncig tom qab 8 lub lis piam, zoo dua li pawg tswj hwm.
Txoj hauv kev ntawm kev ua: Los ntawm kev ua kom PPAR alpha (peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha), upregulating cov lus qhia ntawm cov rog puas muaj feem xyuam rau enzymes (xws li carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1), thaum inhibiting rog synthesis noob (xws li SREBP-1c), ib tug bidirectional kev cai ntawm "txhim kho cov synthesis.
Synergistic nyhuv: Ua ke nrog caffeine, ntsuab tshuaj yej extract, thiab lwm yam khoom xyaw, nws muaj peev xwm ntxiv txhim khu lub efficiency ntawm roj oxidation. Piv txwv li, hauv qee hom tshuaj ntsiav tshuaj poob phaus, kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm L-carntine tartrate (500mg / capsule) thiab caffeine (200mg / capsule) nce qhov feem pua ntawm cov rog thaum tawm dag zog los ntawm 18%.
2. Txhim kho kev ua kis las
Raws li ib tug accelerator rau lub zog metabolism, nws daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm kev ua si yog dav validated
Endurance Enhancement: Nyob rau hauv siab - siv lub sij hawm kev cob qhia (HIIT), ntxiv nrog 1.5 grams / hnub ntawm L-carntine tartrate tuaj yeem ua kom cov pa oxygen ntau tshaj (VO ₂ max) ntawm cov neeg ncaws pob los ntawm 7.3% thiab ncua sij hawm kom qaug zog los ntawm 12%.
Ua kom cov nqaij ntshiv rov qab: Los ntawm kev txo qis qhov sib xyaw ntawm lactate hauv cov leeg nqaij tom qab kev tawm dag zog, cov leeg nqaij pob txha (VAS scale) raug txo los ntawm 30% -40%.
Kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov neeg khiav dej num marathon tau pom tias cov pab pawg tau ntxiv nrog L-carntine tartrate tom qab kev sib tw muaj cov cim kev raug mob ntawm cov leeg nqaij (xws li creatine kinase) qib rov qab los rau hauv paus hauv 24 teev, thaum pawg tswj hwm xav tau 48 teev.
Kev cob qhia kev ua kom muaj zog: Hauv kev cob qhia kev tiv thaiv, kev txhawb nqa tuaj yeem ua rau cov leeg nqaij ntawm cov piam thaj nce ntxiv, txhawb nqa glycogen synthesis, thiab nce cov leeg nqaij loj hlob ntawm 15% tom qab kev cob qhia.
3. Kev kho mob plawv
Los ntawm kev tswj cov lipid metabolism, nws muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo ntawm cov hlab plawv:
Kev txhim kho cov ntshav lipid: Ntxiv 1 gram ib hnub rau 12 lub lis piam tuaj yeem txo qis - ntom lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) qib los ntawm 12%, nce siab - ntom lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) los ntawm 8%, thiab txo triglycerides los ntawm 15%.
Kev tiv thaiv atherosclerosis: Los ntawm inhibiting qhov tsim ntawm oxidized LDL (ox LDL), endothelial cell puas raug txo. Tsiaj thwmsim qhia tias nws tuaj yeem txo qhov chaw ntawm atherosclerotic plaque los ntawm 25%.
Kev txhawb nqa lub plawv: Hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm, ntxiv dag zog tuaj yeem txhim kho myocardial zog metabolism, nce sab laug ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) los ntawm 3% -5%, thiab txo tus nqi nkag los ntawm 18%.
4. Kev txawj ntse muaj nuj nqi thiab tiv thaiv qaug zog
Nws tuaj yeem nkag mus rau cov ntshav- lub hlwb thaiv thiab txhawb lub hlwb kev noj qab haus huv los ntawm cov txheej txheem hauv qab no:
Neurotransmitter synthesis: Raws li tus neeg nqa khoom ntawm acetyl CoA, nws txhawb kev sib txuas ntawm acetylcholine, txhim kho kev nco thiab kev mloog. Kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov neeg laus tau pom tias ntxiv 500 milligrams ib hnub rau 6 lub hlis tuaj yeem nce qhov qhab nia ntawm Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) los ntawm 1.2 cov ntsiab lus.
Antioxidant tiv thaiv: tshem tawm cov dawb radicals nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg hlwb thiab txo cov deposition ntawm beta amyloid protein. Hauv Alzheimer tus kab mob tus qauv nas, nws tuaj yeem nce tus naj npawb ntawm hippocampal neurons los ntawm 15% thiab ncua kev paub tsis meej los ntawm 20%.
Los tiv thaiv kev qaug zog: Los ntawm kev tswj cov hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis (HPA axis), txo cov qib cortisol, thiab txo cov tsos mob ntawm cov neeg mob uas mob nkees nkees. Cov ntaub ntawv kho mob qhia tau hais tias ntxiv nrog tuaj yeem txo qhov qaug zog (FS-14) cov qhab nia los ntawm 40%.
Kev Ua Liaj Ua Teb thiab Tsiaj Tsiaj Kev Lag Luam: Kev Txhim Kho Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo los ntawm Cov Qoob Loo Kev Nyuaj Siab rau Tsiaj Ntau Lawm
1. Txhim kho cov qoob loo kev ntxhov siab
Los ntawm kev tswj cov nroj tsuag lub zog metabolism, nws kam rau siab rau kev nyuaj siab xws li drought thiab salinity tuaj yeem txhim kho.
Drought adaptation: Txau 0.1mML-carnitine L-tartrate hmoovnyob rau hauv pobkws seedlings tuaj yeem nce nplooj nplooj txheeb ze dej cov ntsiab lus los ntawm 12%, photosynthetic tus nqi los ntawm 18%, thiab ciaj sia taus nyob rau hauv drought kev nyuaj siab los ntawm 60% mus rau 85%.
Ntsev alkali kam rau ua: Siv nws rau rhizosphere ntawm cov nplej tuaj yeem txo cov permeability ntawm cov hauv paus cell daim nyias nyias, txo sodium ion txuam nrog, thiab nce nplej yield los ntawm 15% -20% hauv saline alkali av.
2. Kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov tsiaj txhu kev ua tau zoo
Raws li pub additive, nws tuaj yeem txhim kho tus tsiaj loj hlob thiab pub hloov pauv tus nqi:
Kev ua liaj ua teb nqaij qaib: Ntxiv 100mg / kg L-carntine tartrate rau broiler pub tuaj yeem nce qhov hnyav txhua hnub los ntawm 7.9%, txhim kho kev hloov pauv hloov pauv los ntawm 8.3%, thiab txo cov rog hauv plab los ntawm 12%.
Aquaculture: Ntxiv 50mg / kg rau tilapia pub tuaj yeem nce qhov kev loj hlob ntawm 15%, nce qhov feem ntawm unsaturated fatty acids hauv cov leeg los ntawm 10%, thiab txhim kho nqaij zoo.
Ruminant: Ntxiv 20g / hnub nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj mis nyuj tuaj yeem ua rau cov kua mis nce ntxiv los ntawm 8.2%, nce cov kua mis protein ntau ntxiv los ntawm 0.15 feem pua cov ntsiab lus, thiab txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm ketosis.
Peb yog tus muab L-carnitine L-tartrate.
Lus Cim: BLOOM TECH (Txij li xyoo 2008), ACHIEVE CHEM-TECH yog lub chaw pabcuam ntawm peb.
L-carnitine tartrate yog ib qho tseem ceeb compound uas tuaj yeem ua ke los ntawm ob txoj hauv kev. Cov hauv qab no yog cov txheej txheem synthesis tshwj xeeb:
Txoj Kev 1:
Kev sib npaug tshuaj lom neeg yog: C7H15TSIS MUAJ3 + C4H6O6 → C11H20TSIS MUAJ9-
Cov xub no qhia tau hais tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim L-carntine tartrate los ntawm reacting L-carntine thiab tartaric acid nyob rau hauv stirring tej yam kev mob.
Cov kauj ruam tshwj xeeb yog cov hauv qab no:
Kauj ruam 1: Ua ntej, L-Carnitine thiab Tartaric Acid yuav tsum tau reacted nyob rau hauv anhydrous methanol nyob rau hauv stirring tej yam kev mob. Thaum lub sij hawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tswj qhov kub hauv qab 60℃thiab txuas ntxiv stirring tsawg kawg yog 30 feeb kom paub meej cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txaus.
Kauj Ruam 2: Tom qab ntawd, tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav, ceev cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib tov kom txias rau hauv chav sov. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, ntau cov crystals yuav los nag, uas yog hu ua L-carntine tartrate.
Kauj ruam 3: Tom ntej no, sau cov crystals los ntawm kev pom. Thaum lub sij hawm pom, qhov kub ntawm qhov sib tov yuav tsum tau khaws cia hauv qab 30℃kom tsis txhob muaj cov khoom decomposition.
Cov pob crystalline L-carntine tartrate tuaj yeem ntxuav nrog dej ntshiab me me. Thaum lub sijhawm txheej txheem no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tsis txhob siv dej ntau dhau kom tsis txhob yaj cov khoom. Tom qab ntxuav, qhuav cov khoom siv crystalline hauv lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws silicone.
Kauj Ruam 4: Thaum kawg, los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov qauv, nws tau lees paub tias cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke yog L-carntine tartrate. Cov txheej txheem kev txheeb xyuas cov qauv muaj xws li infrared spectroscopy (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), thiab lwm yam.
Txoj Kev 2:
Cov kauj ruam ntxaws yog raws li nram no:
Kauj ruam 1: React tartaric acid nrog sodium hydroxide los yog carbonate nyob rau hauv ib tug aqueous tov los tsim sodium tartrate. Qhov sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog:
C4H4O6 + 2Na2CO3 + 2H2O → Na2(C4H4O6) + 2Na2CO3
Kauj Ruam 2: Tom qab ntawd, ntxiv L-carnitine tov rau cov tshuaj sodium tartrate uas tau txais, thiab hnov qab kom tau txais L-carnitine tartrate.
C7H15TSIS MUAJ3+ Na2(C4H4O6) → C7H15TSIS MUAJ3Na2(C4H4O6) + NOV
Kauj Ruam 3: Cov khoom nyoos ntawm L-carnitine tartrate tau dhau ib lossis ntau dua recrystallizations kom tau txais siab -purity L-carnitine tartrate crystals. Cov txheej txheem ntawm recrystallization yuav suav nrog cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:
Cov tshuaj sib npaug rau recrystallization tuaj yeem qhia tau tias:
C7H15TSIS MUAJ3Na2(C4H4O6)+ H2O → C7H15TSIS MUAJ3Na2(C4H4O6) + NOV
1. Dissolve cov khoom crude nyob rau hauv ib tug npaum li cas ntawm cov dej.
2. Txias cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv ib da dej dej khov kom maj mam precipitate cov muaju.
3. Lim thiab sau cov muaju, ntxuav nrog dej txias me me.
4. Qhuav cov muaju nyob rau hauv lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws silicone.
Cov saum toj no yog ob txoj kev synthesis rauL-carnitine L-tartrate hmoov, thiab cov ntsiab lus kev sim tshwj xeeb thiab cov ntsuas yuav txawv nyob ntawm seb yam xws li kev sim thiab cov khoom siv. Thaum ua cov kev sim, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm raws li qhov xwm txheej tiag tiag kom ntseeg tau qhov tseeb thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm qhov kev sim. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws raug nquahu kom ua cov kev sim uas muaj kev pheej hmoo siab - kev ua haujlwm txaus ntshai lossis nyob rau hauv cov kev sim nruj nruj raws li kev taw qhia ntawm cov kws tshaj lij.
Cov lus nug nquag
Puas yog L-carnitine tartrate yog roj hlawv?
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Ntau tus neeg tau hnov txog L-Carnitine thiab feem ntau nkag siab tias nws pab kom poob phaus, qhov kev tshawb fawb pov thawj cov txiaj ntsig ntawm L-Carnitine yog tias nws pab txo cov rog rog, nce cov leeg nqaij, thiab txo qis qaug zog.
Kuv puas tuaj yeem noj L-carnitine tartrate txhua hnub?
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Raws li NIH, cov koob tshuaj ntau npaum li ntawm 3 milligrams (mg) txog 5,000 mg txhua hnub, nrog qhov nruab nrab ntawm 14% mus rau 18% uptake rate. Hauv lwm lo lus, koj lub cev tsis tau nqus tag nrho L-carnitine hauv qhov ntxiv. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo tias kev noj tshuaj ntxiv yog suav tias feem ntau muaj kev nyab xeeb, txawm tias ntev -lub sij hawm.
Qhov twg zoo dua, L-carnitine lossis L-carnitine tartrate?
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Acetyl-L-carnitine: Daim ntawv no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau lub hlwb noj qab haus huv thiab kev ua haujlwm. Cov koob tshuaj sib txawv ntawm 500 mus rau 3,000 mg ib hnub twg. L-carnitine L-tartrate: Daim foos no zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tawm dag zog. Cov koob tshuaj sib txawv ntawm 1,000 txog 4,500 mg ib hnub twg.
Cim npe nrov: l-carnitine l-tartrate hmoov cas 36687-82-8, lwm tus neeg, manufacturers, hoobkas, lag luam wholesale, yuav, nqe, tej, kev muag khoom