Catalase hmoov CAS 9001-05-2

Creathase hmoov(CAT), molecular mis C9H10O3, CAS 9001-05-2, Nws yog ib qho enzyme uas catalyzes decomposition ntawm hydrogen peroxide rau hauv oxygen thiab dej, thiab muaj nyob rau hauv lub peroxidase system ntawm hlwb. Catalase yog ib qho cim enzyme ntawm peroxisomes, suav txog kwv yees li 40% ntawm tag nrho cov peroxisome enzymes. Catalase muaj nyob rau hauv ntau cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm tag nrho cov tsiaj paub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv siab concentrations nyob rau hauv daim siab. Catalase yog siv hauv kev lag luam khoom noj kom tshem tawm hydrogen peroxide los ntawm cov mis nyuj siv los ua cheese. Catalase kuj tseem siv rau hauv ntim khoom noj los tiv thaiv cov zaub mov los ntawm oxidized. Yuav luag tag nrho cov kab mob muaj sia muaj catalase. Nws yog dav muaj nyob rau hauv cov kab mob ua pa, feem ntau hauv chloroplasts, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum ntawm cov nroj tsuag, daim siab thiab cov qe ntshav liab ntawm cov tsiaj, thiab nws cov enzymatic kev ua ub no muab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antioxidant rau lub cev. CAT yog heme enzyme nrog cov qauv sib txawv nyob ntawm nws qhov chaw. Qib ntawm kev ua ub no txawv hauv cov koom haum sib txawv. Hydrogen peroxide decomposes sai dua nyob rau hauv daim siab tshaj nyob rau hauv cov kab mob xws li lub paj hlwb los yog lub plawv, vim muaj ntau ntau CAT nyob rau hauv daim siab.

 

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), tseem hu ua hydrogen peroxide, muaj ib tug ntau oxygen atom ({2}}) dua li dej (h2o). Qhov no cov pa oxygen atom yog heev tsis ruaj khov thiab ib txwm xav coj lwm cov pa otom txawv ntawm lwm cov lwg me los tsim O2. Peb feem ntau siv hydrogen peroxide rau kom tsis muaj menyuam thiab kev tsis taus vim tias cov kab mob raug rhuav tshem los ntawm H2O2 thiab tuag. Lub foaming thaum ntxuav tawm yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua pa oxygen. Txawm li cas los xij, hydrogen peroxide tuaj yeem nkag mus rau feem ntau cytotoxic, ua rau nws cytoToxic ntau dua li cov tshuaj pleev cell radicals (uas tsis tuaj yeem nkag rau cell licbranes). Tom qab nkag mus rau ntawm lub cell membrane, nws tuaj yeem hnov ​​cov hlau sab hauv lub xovtooj ntawm lub xov tooj los tsim cov radicals hydroxyl.Creathase hmoov(CAT) yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab mob antioxidant, tseem hu ua peroxidase, uas yog ib qho kev sib txuas enzyme nrog hlau porphyrin ua pawg thib ob.

 

Sod enzyme dismutates oxygen dawb radicals los ua hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) thiab cov pa (O2). Hydrogen peroxide tseem muaj cov tshuaj lom nyob hauv lub cev, thiab cov haujlwm ntawm catalogen thiab dej, yog li tiv thaiv cov ntshav los ntawm kev lom zem ntawm H2O2. Lub tshuab ntawm cov miv ua yeeb yam ntawm hydrogen peroxide yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm hydrogen peroxide, uas yuav tsum tau ntsib thiab sib tsoo ntawm lub chaw nquag ua kom muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwm sim. Qhov siab dua ntawm H2O2, lub nrawm dua cov decomposition tus nqi. Yuav luag txhua lub cev muaj sia muaj catalase.

 

Nws yog dav muaj nyob rau hauv cov kab mob ua pa, feem ntau hauv chloroplasts, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum ntawm cov nroj tsuag, nrog rau hauv daim siab thiab cov qe ntshav liab ntawm cov tsiaj. Nws cov haujlwm enzymatic muab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antioxidant rau lub cev. Kev ua haujlwm lom neeg ntawm catalase yog los txhawb kev decomposition ntawm hydrogen peroxide hauv cov hlwb, kom nws tsis ntxiv cov tshuaj lom hydroxyl radicals, yog li tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov enzyme antioxidant. Nws kuj tseem ceeb heev rau kev loj hlob, kev loj hlob, thiab kev ua haujlwm metabolic ntawm tib neeg lub cev.

kuaj:

Thaum lub sij hawm txuas ntxivcatalase hmoovnrhiav pom, npuas tuaj yeem pom.
Kev kuaj xyuas catalase yog ib qho ntawm peb txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb siv los ntawm microbiologists txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov kab mob kab mob, uas suav nrog kev siv hydrogen peroxide txhawm rau kuaj pom muaj catalase. Yog tias cov kab mob muaj catalase, ntxiv cov kab mob me me rau cov tshuaj hydrogen peroxide tuaj yeem soj ntsuam qhov tsim ntawm oxygen npuas.

Yog tias cov npuas tsim tawm, cov kab mob raug suav tias yog "catalase zoo". Xws li Staphylococcus thiab Micrococcus. Yog tias tsis yog, tus kab mob raug suav tias yog "catalase negative". Xws li streptococcus thiab enterococcus. Txawm hais tias kev tshawb nrhiav catalase tsis tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas cov kab mob tshwj xeeb, thaum ua ke nrog lwm txoj hauv kev tshawb nrhiav, nws tuaj yeem pab kuaj mob zoo.
Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj cov catalase hauv cov kab mob kuj nyob ntawm cov kab mob loj hlob ntawm tes thiab kab lis kev cai nruab nrab siv.

 

Faib:

Catalase yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv ntau cov nqaij mos ntawm txhua tus neeg paub tsiaj, tshwj xeeb ntawm cov kev muaj siab hauv lub siab. Nyob rau hauv cov bomber beetle, catalase muaj qhov siv tshwj xeeb. Cov kab no muaj ob pawg ntawm cov tshuaj nchuav tawm hauv nws cov qog ua ke. Lub qog loj ntim hydroquinone thiab hydrogen peroxide, thaum cov khw muag khoom me me colalase cataligle thiab horseradish peroxidase. Thaum beetles sib xyaw ua ke los ntawm ob lub qog ua ke, lawv tso cov oxygen, uas tuaj yeem ob qho tib si oxidize hydroquinone thiab ua raws li koob tshuaj.
Catalase kuj nquag pom nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag, tab sis tsis yog nyob rau hauv fungi, txawm hais tias qee tus fungi tau pom los tsim cov enzyme hauv ib puag ncig pyl tsawg thiab thaj chaw sov.
Feem ntau ntawm cov kab mob aerobic muaj catalase. Qhov tshwj xeeb suav nrog Streptococcus, kab mob aerobic tsis muaj catalase. Qee cov kab mob anaerobic, xws li Methanosarcina barkeri, kuj muaj catalase.

Function Overview

 

Hydrogen peroxide yog cov khoom pov tseg uas tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem metabolic uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev puas tsuaj. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj, hydrogen peroxide yuav tsum tau hloov mus rau hauv lwm yam tshuaj tsis haum lossis tsis muaj tshuaj lom. Thiab catalase feem ntau yog siv los ntawm cov hlwb los ua ib qho cuab yeej los catalyze decomposition ntawm hydrogen peroxide.
Tab sis qhov tseeb lom zem tseem ceeb ntawm catalase tsis yog yooj yim: cov kws tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov noob caj noob ces uas muaj catalase tsis muaj peev xwm tseem pom cov phenotypes ib txwm, qhia tias catalase tsuas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov tsiaj hauv qee yam mob.

 

Qee tus neeg muaj qib qis heevcreathase hmoovNyob rau hauv lawv lub cev, tab sis lawv kuj tsis qhia cov ntsiab lus pom tseeb. Qhov no yog vim tias lub ntsiab hydrogen peroxide scavenger nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj cov tsiaj me me yog peroxedoxin, tsis yog catalase.
Catalase yog feem ntau nyob hauv cov organelle hu ua peroxisomes. Peroxisomes hauv cov nroj tsuag hlwb koom nrog hauv photorespiration (siv oxygen los tsim cov pa roj carbon dioxide) thiab symbicing nitrogen fixed (N2) mus rau cov ative nitrogen atoms).
Tab sis thaum cov hlwb muaj kis los ntawm pathogens, hydrogen peroxide tuaj yeem siv los ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antimicrobial. Qee cov kab ke, xws li MyCobacterium tuberculosis, legonionella khaub thuas, thiab Campylobacter jejuni, cia lawv ciaj sia hauv tus tswv tsev lub cev.

Bleach effect:

 

Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias cov enzymes tuaj yeem txhawb kev tshuaj dawb, thiab cov ntaub plaub dej ua kom huv si muaj cov ntaub ntawv dawb paug ntawm cov ntaub plaub thiab hydrophilicity ntawm cov ntaub plaub. Qhov no yog vim tias cov enzymes txhawb kev pib kev tawm tsam sai sai Pib los ntawm lub ntsiab cai no, ua ntej muab ntaub plaub nrog kev tiv thaiv kom ua ntej kev ua kom tau zoo dua, thiab kev ua kom muaj fiber ntau dua, thiab kev ua kom muaj kev puas tsuaj fiber ntau, thiab kev ua kom muaj fiber ntau dua, thiab kev ua kom muaj fiber ntau dua, thiab kev ua kom muaj fiber ntau dua, thiab kev ua kom muaj fiber ntau dua, thiab kev ua kom muaj kev puas tsuaj fiber ntau, thiab kev ua kom muaj fiber ntau dua, thiab kev ua kom muaj fiber ntau dua, thiab kev ua kom muaj fiber ntau dua, thiab kev ua kom muaj fiber ntau dua, thiab kev ua kom muaj fiber ntau dua, thiab kev ua kom muaj fiber ntau dua, thiab kev ua kom muaj fiber ntau dua, thiab kev ua kom muaj fiber ntau dua, thiab kev ua kom muaj fiber ntau dua, thiab kev ua kom muaj fiber ntau dua, thiab kev ua kom muaj fiber ntau dua, thiab kev ua kom muaj kev puas tsuaj fiber ntau, thiab fiber ntau ua haujlwm tau zoo dua qub

 

Kov enzyme

Catalase (miv) yog ib qho enzyme scavenger, tseem hu ua Peroxidase, uas yog ib qho kev khi khi uas muaj hlau porphyrin yog pawg pab pawg. Nws tuaj yeem txhawb txoj kev txiav txim siab ntawm H2O2 rau hauv molecular oxygen thiab dej, tshem tawm hydrogen peroxide hauv lub cev, thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv hlwb los ntawm cov tshuaj lom ntawm H2O2. Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov enzymes tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev muaj xyoob ntoo. Tus txheej txheem uas miv ua ntawm hydrogen peroxide yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsis txaus siab ntawm H2O2, uas yuav tsum tau ob lub H2O2, uas yuav tsum tau sib txuas nrog cov miv ntawm lub chaw nquag ua rau muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Qhov siab dua ntawm H2O2, lub nrawm dua cov decomposition tus nqi.

Qhov no yog ib qho ruaj khov hydrogen peroxide decomposition enzyme uas tuaj yeem decompose hydrogen peroxide rau hauv dej thiab oxygen yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam cov fibers thiab dyes. Yog li ntawd, tom qab bleaching thiab ua ntej dyeing, residual hydrogen peroxide ntawm bleached fabrics thiab nyob rau hauv dyeing tso tsheb hlau luam raug tshem tawm los ntawm H2O2 decomposition enzyme kom tsis txhob oxidation ntawm fibers thiab oxidation ntawm dyes thaum lub sij hawm dyeing. Tib lub sijhawm, nws tuaj yeem txo lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, txo cov dej siv rau kev ntxuav, thiab txo cov dej khib nyiab. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim rau yarns, tube yarns, thiab knitted fabrics. Ib yam li ntawd, cov kev ua ntawm catalase hloov nrog pH thiab kub, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws tshwm sim nyob ib ncig ntawm pH 7 thiab 30-40 degree . Ib qho kev nce hauv hydrogen peroxide concentration yuav ua rau kom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv decomposition, tab sis nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias thaum lub concentration ntau tshaj ib tug npaum li cas, lub enzyme cov nyhuv yuav tsis muaj zog, thiab ntau seem H2O2 yog detrimental rau fibers thiab dyes. Yog li tus nqi ntawm H2O2 tsis tuaj yeem nce ntxiv vim tias muaj H2O2 degrading enzyme. Thaum siv, feem ntau nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xyuam xim rau qhov sib xws ntawm H2O2 decomposing enzymes nrog feem ntau siv surfactants thiab H2O2 stabilizers. Hauv kev siv ntau lawm, pH yog 6-8, qhov kub thiab txias yog 20-55 degree, enzyme ntau npaum li cas yog 5-10 KCLU/liter, thiab lub sij hawm yog 10-20 feeb. Cov thev naus laus zis no tau maj mam lees paub thiab lees txais hauv tsev, thiab nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev txhim kho lub ci ci ntawm cov xim reactive.

Txawm hais tias tag nrho cov txheej txheem catalytic ntawm catalase tseem tsis tau nkag siab tag nrho, nws cov txheej txheem catalytic ntseeg tau muab faib ua ob kauj ruam:
H2O2 + Fe(III)-E → H2O + O=Fe(IV)-E.+)
H2O2 + O=Fe(IV)-E.+) → H2O + Fe(III)-E + O2
Ntawm lawv, "Fe() - E" sawv cev rau lub hauv paus hlau atom (Fe) ntawm pawg heme (E) khi rau lub enzyme. Fe (IV) - E (.+) yog ib tug resonant daim ntawv ntawm Fe (V) - E, nyob rau hauv uas cov hlau atom yog tsis tag oxidized rau + V valence, tab sis theej tau txais ib co "txhawb electrons" los ntawm lub heme. Yog li ntawd, lub heme nyob rau hauv qhov sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kuj yog sawv cev raws li ib tug dawb radical cation (.+)

Hydrogen Peroxide nkag mus rau hauv lub chaw nquag thiab cuam tshuam nrog asparagine seem ntawm txoj hauj lwm 144 (nws74) thiab ib tug proton hloov ntawm opygen atoms. Dawb oxygen atoms koom tes thiab ua ke los ua cov dej lwg me me thiab FE (IV) {4 4 {4 4}} o. Fe (iv) {{5 5}} O reacts nrog ob lub ntsej muag ob lub ntsej muag thib ob (iii) - e, tsim cov roj molecules thiab oxygen. Cov kev sib cais ntawm cov hlau atom nyob rau hauv lub chaw nquag yuav ua rau muaj cov kab ke phenums ntawm Tyrosine Residue (Tyrosine Saw (Tyrosine Saw) Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no feem ntau yog txiav txim siab los ntawm mie sib npaug.

Catalase hmoovKuj tseem tuaj yeem oxidize tshuaj xws li formaldehyde, formic acid, Phenol, thiab Ethanol. Cov txheej txheem oxidation no xav tau kev siv hydrogen peroxide kom tiav los ntawm cov hauv qab no:
H2O2 + H2R → 2H2O + R
Ib yam li ntawd, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb tseem tsis meej.
Ib qho hnyav hlau ion (xws li tooj liab ions hauv tooj liab sulfate) tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tsis muaj kev sib tw ntawm catalase. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj lom heev cyanide yog ib qho kev sib tw inhibitor ntawm catalase, uas tuaj yeem nruj khi rau heme hauv enzyme thiab tiv thaiv nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv catalytic.
Peb-txoj kev ua qauv ntawm cov koom haum sib xyaw hauv ib lub xeev ib qho kev sib txuas tau raug daws thiab tuaj yeem khaws tau los ntawm cov khoom muaj protein.

Cim npe nrov: creathase hmoov qhov cas 9001-05-2, cov chaw muag khoom, chaw tsim khoom, Hoobkas, yuav, nqe, loj, loj, rau muag