D (+) {{- trehalose dihydrateyog ib qho ruaj khov tsis txo cov dej cawv uas muaj cov piam thaj ob alpha, muaj li 1,1 {{} glycoside khi. Ameslikas extracted los ntawm Ergot Fungus hauv Rye, nws tom qab pom tau dav nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv cov tsiaj txhu, algae, thiab invertebrates nrog qib siab. Molecular Cov C12hh2O1122,, CAS 4138-23-4, nws yog ib qho molecule ntawm D (+ Treal Dihydres muaj ob lub lwg me me ntawm cov dej siv lead ua. Nws yog soluble hauv dej, glacial acetic acid, thiab kub ethohane, tab sis insoluble hauv ether thiab acetone. Thaum rhuab rau 130 degree, trehaligose poob nws cov dej khov thiab ua kom amorphous. Nyob rau hauv lub loj heev ntawm biochemistry, ua si carbohydrates ua si lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov txheej txheem sib xyaw ua ke. Ntawm lawv, qhov no zoo li dog dig tab sis nws cov khoom ntiag tug thiab cov haujlwm, tau pom muaj ntau yam kev tshawb fawb, kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus, thiab txawm tias muaj kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus.
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Tshuaj Cov Qauv |
C12H26O13 |
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Muaj pes tsawg leej |
378.14 |
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Molecular hnyav |
378.33 |
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m/z |
378.14 (100.0%), 379.14 (13.0%), 380.14 (2.7%) |
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Kev Ntsuam Xyuas |
C, 38.10; H, 6.93; O, 54.98 |
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D (+) {{- trehalose dihydrate,}- d {}} glucopyrans uas dhau los ntawm ob qho alpha-{2}}, tsis txo cov khoom siv rho tawm 1-glycosidic bonds. Nws cov mis molecular feem ntau yog C12h2H2o, nrog txoj kev sib txawv ntawm 342.30 (qee cov ntaub ntawv tseem qhia tau tias yog kev xam ntawm kev xam cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv noo nyob hauv cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv). Nws muaj cov qauv molecular ruaj khov thiab tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lwm cov biomolecules hauv cov kab mob uas kub siab, thiab lwm yam, siab tus xeeb ceem ua rau nws paub ua "qab zib lub neej".
(1) Cell membrane thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm biomolecules: nyob rau hauv xwm, ntau cov muaj sia muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev sib txuam ntawm D {{{{{{trehalose hauv lub cev. Nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov macromolecules xws li cov xov tooj ntawm tes, cov protein, thiab DNA los ntawm kev puas tsuaj, thiab yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov tsiaj txhu kom muaj kev txom nyem. Qhov kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv no ua rau d - (+ {{8} {Trehalose muaj kev cia siab thov kev cia siab hauv kev tso npe.
(2) Kev tiv thaiv cov ntshav thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob: nws tau ua tiav zoo rau cov tshuaj bioactilies xws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov ntshav, cov ntaub ntsiav tshuaj ntawm tes. Qhov no tsis tsuas txuas sijhawm sijhawm cia nyob hauv chav sov, tab sis kuj tseem tiv thaiv cov ntshav paug. Lub caij no, raws li khov -}} qhuav tiv thaiv, nws tseem dav siv hauv cov khoom lag luam roj ntsha. Piv nrog sucrose, nws tuaj yeem muab kev tiv thaiv zoo rau cov protein.
(3) Lub zog tshwj xeeb cov khoom: txawm hais tias yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub zog, nws pab tau sai sai rau cov piam thaj ua kom muaj zog thaum lub sij hawm tsis muaj zaub mov. Cov xeeb ceem no muaj peev xwm thov tus nqi nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb thiab horticulture. Los ntawm txau los yog soaking, lub drought tsis kam, txias kuj ntawm cov qoob loo tuaj yeem txhim kho.
(4) Txhim Kho Lub Cev Tsis kam: Cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau pom tias D {1} {{{{{trehals kuj muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj peev xwm kho tau tus tshuaj. Qhov kev tswj hwm kev tiv thaiv kab mob no yuav cuam tshuam nrog nws lub peev xwm los tiv thaiv cov neeg tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm cov hlwb los ntawm kev puas tsuaj.
(1) Cov qab zib thiab cov calories: uas yog lub qab zib ntuj, nws muaj qhov qab zib me me, thiab yuav tsis ua rau cov ntshav txias hauv cov ntshav qab zib. Nws yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib thiab neeg ua kom noj qab haus huv zoo.
(2) Cov khoom ci thiab khoom qab zib: nws cov dej noo zoo thiab ruaj khov uaD (+) {{- trehalose dihydrateTxhawb nqa dav hauv cov khoom ci, cov khoom qab zib, dej haus, thiab lwm thaj teb.
(3) Kev nqus dej thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv: Ntxiv thawj zaug ua kom muaj zog tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv cov tshuaj thiab txo cov tshuaj chim; Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv, Trehals tuaj yeem txhim kho kom ruaj khov thiab ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
3. Daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv kev lag luam tshuaj pleev ib ce
(1) moisturizing muaj nuj nqi: lub moisturizing ua haujlwm ntawm trehalose ua rau nws yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv high-} cov tshuaj pleev ib ce. Nws tuaj yeem xauv hauv cov tawv nqaij noo noo, txo qhov kev puas tsuaj sab nraud rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, thiab txhawb kev noj qab haus huv.
(2) antioxidant thiab kev kho tawv nqaij tawv: ntxiv rau moisturizing muaj nuj nqi, trehalose muaj antioxidant thiab tawv nqaij kho cov haujlwm. Cov yam ntxwv no ua rau Trehalose muaj cov kev cia siab thov kev cia siab hauv tshuaj pleev ib ce xws li anti- kev laus thiab anti rhiab heev.
4. Ua liaj ua teb thiab horticultural applications
(1) Drought tsis kam, txias kuj, thiab kab mob Kuj: los ntawm kev txau lub dreath distance, txias kuj ntawm cov qoob loo. Qhov kev ntxhov siab no ua tau zoo pab cov qoob loo tswj kev loj hlob thiab tawm tsam cov chaw hnyav.
(2) Kev khaws paj tsim: Hais txog cov paj txuag, d {{1} {{{{{{trehalose kuj qhia tau ntau lub peev xwm. Los ntawm txau lossis soaking, lub sij hawm pom ntawm cov paj tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv, tswj lawv lub ci ci thiab tshiab.
5. Lwm cov ntawv thov
(1) Cov Khoom Siv Raw Tshuaj: Lawv tseem muaj siv dav hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj zoo. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv rement rau synthesizing lwm cov tebchaw, muab cov khoom siv raw rau cov khoom lag luam tshuaj zoo.
(2) txuag cov enzymes thiab mis nyuj ua los khaws cov khoom lag luam tshawb fawb thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cell, thiab lawv cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam, thiab lawv cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam, thiab lawv cov khoom tiv thaiv cor
Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev rauD (+) {{- trehalose dihydrate, mas suav nrog kev rho tawm ntuj, tshuaj lom neeg, thiab biotransformation.
Khoom Raw Khoom Siv:
Cov txheej txheem ntuj muaj kev rho tawm los ntawm cov nroj tsuag (xws li seawgan thiab cov pej xeem (xws li puab tsaig) nplua nuj nyob rau hauv trehalose. Cov ntaub ntawv raw no muaj nplua nuj nyob hauv trehalose, ua rau lawv lub hauv paus zoo tagnrho rau cov khoom siv trehalose.
Extraction txheej txheem:
Cov txheej txheem rho tawm feem ntau suav nrog cov kauj ruam xws li cov khoom siv raw, extraction, sib cais, thiab purification. Los ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab kev ua haujlwm lub cev, siab-}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}} Cov khoom siv purity tuaj yeem muab rho tawm los ntawm cov khoom siv raw.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo:
Lub ntuj kev rho tawm txoj kev muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv raw thiab cov txheej txheem sib xyaw yooj yim; Qhov tsis zoo yog tias cov zis tau txwv thiab tus nqi yog siab, ua rau nws nyuaj kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm loj {0} nplai ntau lawm.
Synthesis cov ntsiab cai:
Cov tshuaj lom hluav taws xob synthesis txoj kev ncaj qha rau cov khoom siv los ntawm kev siv tshuaj lom neeg. Cov qauv no siv cov tshuaj lom neeg rau kev hloov pauv metrates xws li cov piam thaj rau hauv trehalose.
Cov txheej txheem hluavtaws:
Cov txheej txheem synthesis feem ntau suav nrog kev xaiv substrate, kev xaiv catalyst, thiab ua kom zoo ntawm cov kev tshuaj tiv thaiv. Los ntawm kev kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab cov hom catalyst, synthesis efficiency thiab cov khoom siv tshuaj muaj peev xwm txhim kho.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo:
Qhov zoo ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg synthesis yog kev ua haujlwm siab thiab cov khoom lag luam siab; Qhov tsis zoo yog tias nws yuav qhia cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab kev nyab xeeb cov khoom. Yog li ntawd, thaum siv tshuaj synthesis los tsim cov tshuaj no, nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom tswj tau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev mob thiab cov khoom lag luam zoo.
Kev hloov dua siab tshiab:
Cov qauv biotransformation siv cov microorganisms lossis cov enzymes los ua kom muaj kev tsim cov thawj coj los ntawm cov hnab looj tes zoo li cov piam thaj. Txoj kev siv cov txheej txheem enzyme hauv cov kab mob rau cov kab mob catalytic, thiab muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua phooj ywg ib puag ncig, nyab xeeb, thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.
Txheej txheem hloov dua siab tshiab:
Cov txheej txheem hloov dua siab tshiab feem ntau suav nrog microbial cultivation, enzyme extraction, enzyme cov kev mob thiab kev hloov ua kom hloov dua siab tshiab thiab cov khoom lag luam muaj peev xwm txhim kho.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo:
Qhov zoo ntawm tus qauv biotransformation yog ntsuab, ib puag ncig phooj ywg, nyab xeeb thiab muaj txiaj ntsig; Qhov tsis zoo yog tias tus nqi ntau lawm yog qhov tseem ceeb, xav tau cov txheej txheem fermentation thiab cov txheej txheem rho tawm. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm biotechnology, biotransformation tau maj mam dhau los ua cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb thiab muaj kev cia siab thov kev cia siab.
Cov Khoom Siv Raw Khoom Siv Thiab Ua Ntej - Kev Kho Mob
Kev tsim khoom ntawmD (+) {{- trehalose dihydrateyog ua raws li liquefaction ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ua cov khoom siv tseem ceeb. Feem ntau siv yog cov khoom siv tshiab txuas dua xws li cov hmoov av hmoov av thiab cov hmoov nplej zom movie. Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab xav tau kev kho liquefaction liquefaction: nyob rau hauv cov dej kub (90 {}} Tom qab, enzymatic hydrolysis (xws li -amylatic) yog nqa tawm mus rau ntxiv demrade nws rau oligosaccharides, muab cov khoom tsim nyog subttrates, muab cov khoom tsim nyog subttrates rau cov khoom siv sib txuam txuas ntxiv.
Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom lag luam: ntau - enzyme synergistic matalysis
Cov xwm txheej ntawm Trehalose tau tiav los ntawm ntau - enzyme cascade cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tus yuam sij enzymes suav nrog:
Maltrotriose -} Raws li synthease (mtsease)
Qhov no enzyme txiav ob lub hos dej qab zib los ntawm qhov tsis - kev txo qis, sib xyaw ua ntej Oligosaccharide.
Maltotriose - based trehalose hydroxase (mthase)
Ntxiv hydrolyzes lub nrab nruab nrab kom tso tawm trehals dawb.
Starch Glucosidase (AMG)
Txhaum cov seem Oligosaccharide rau hauv cov piam thaj, ua kom muaj kev coj dawb huv ntawm Trehalose.
Cov txheej txheem txaus:
Liquefy starch tov (de tus nqi 10-15) → ntxiv rau 80-24 teev → ua kom sov li ntawm 50-24 teev →
Purification thiab crystallization: los ntawm cov khoom lag luam nyoos rau high - purity qustals
Pib ua kom huv
Ua kom muaj pa roj carbon decolorization: tshem tawm cov xim thiab cov organic impurities los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev daws teeb meem.
Ion txauv cov chromatography: los ntawm kev sib pauv cov resins (xws li h⁺ hom), tshem cov ntsev, cov protein, thiab molecule me me.
Membrane Kev Pom: Siv ultrarofiltration membranes (nrog molecular hnyav txiav {{kda tawm ntawm 10-30 kda tawm ntawm 10-30 kda) kom tshem tawm cov molecule loj.
Concentration thiab crystallization
Lub tshuab nqus evaporce concentration: mloog cov kev ua kom huv cov ntsiab lus seaweed cov ntsiab lus ntawm ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 60% (w / v).
Soj ntsuam crystallization:
Cua txias txoj kev siv cov txheej txheem, maj mam txias cov tshuaj muaj zog rau 10-15 degree, ntxiv cov me me pob zeb ntawm seaweed qab zib) kom induce crystallization.
Evaporation Crystallization txoj kev: evaporate cov dej tsis tu ncua ntawm 50-60℃kom txog thaum txoj kev daws qhov tseem ceeb supersaturation tus nqi, thiab ib txwm crystallize.
Crystal Hom Control: Kho cov crystallization kub, nplawm cov roj ua kom ntseeg tau tias muaj cov roj ntsha ua kom ntseeg tau tias muaj cov roj ntsha (melting point 97 degree, muaj 2 molecules ntawm cov dej crystalline).
Centrifugation Thiab Kom Qhuav
Centrifugal Coordation: Siv kab rov tav ntsug (tig ceev 3000-4000 RPM) cais cov muaju los ntawm niam cawv, nrog tus nqi rov qab txog 95%.
Fluidized Txaj Drying: Qhuav lub muaju hauv cov huab cua kub ntawm 40-50 degree, tswj kom muaj lub cev noo ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau cov dej hiav txwv tsis muaj qab hau).
Kev Ntsuam Xyuas thiab Ntim: Qib los ntawm Vibrating Screen (Mesh loj dua 200-400) thiab cov khoom kawg yog dawb crystalline hmoov nrog lub purity ntawm ntau dua los yog sib npaug ntawm 98%.
Tswjhwm Thiab Cov Qauv
Kev Kuaj Purity Purity
Kev ua kom zoo ua kua chromatography (HPLC): Siv ib qho chaw AMEE AM
Metering kho qhov muag: txiav txim siab sib hloov []} {}}} kev daws teeb meem) kom paub meej tias qhov kev coj dawb huv ntawm d- configuration.
Cov Kws Koom Tes Tswj
Cov hlau hnyav: siv atomic nqus cov lus qhia (AAS) los xyuas cov kev ua txhuas thiab cov ntsiab lus arsenic, nrog kev txwv tsawg dua lossis sib npaug nrog 1 mg / kg.
Cov kab mob me: sim tag nrho cov kab mob suav (tsawg dua lossis sib luag ntawm 1000 CFU / G) thiab pathogenic baclopoe txoj kev.
Kuaj xyuas kev ruaj khov
Kev ntsuam xyuas sai sai: qhov chaw ntawm 40℃thiab 75% av noo rau 6 lub hlis, tsawg dua lossis sib luag rau 0.5%) thiab cov ntsiab lus crystalline (ruaj khov ntawm 10-11%).
Tiam sis Innector thiab kev lag luam kev lag luam
Enzyme immobilization tshuab
Kho MTSase thiab Mthease ntawm cov nanopartictic lossis cov khoom siv uas sib tw kom ua tiav cov enzymes (caij tsheb kauj vab ntau dua los yog sib npaug), txo cov nqi ntau lawm.
NRUAM lawm
Tsim Membrane Bioreactor (MBR), Ob Phaj enzyme cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom ua tiav synthesis thiab purification ntawm seaweed qab zib, nce ntau dua kev ua haujlwm los ntawm 3 zaug.
Ntsuab Raug
Use organic solvent-water dual-phase crystallization to reduce water resource consumption; Siv Microbial Fermentation Txoj Kev Los tsim cov enzyme npaj, hloov cov tshuaj synthesis enzymes, thiab txo cov pa roj carbon monissions.
Chaw thov cov chaw thov thiab kev tsim khoom lag luam
D (+) {{- trehalose dihydrateyog siv dav hauv:
Kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus: Ua kev lag luam tsawg - Calorie Sworter (nrog 45% ntawm cov calories ntawm sucroose) thiab nws yog siv nyob rau hauv cov khoom ci, candies, thiab dej khov khov.
Biomedical: Raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv protein (xws li tshuaj tiv thaiv, tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob) thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv conding}
Cov tshuaj pleev ib ce: nws txwv tsis pub muaj dej hiav txwv ntawm daim tawv nqaij tawv stratum Corneum thiab siv nyob rau hauv high {{}}}} end end tawv nqaij tu thiab cov khoom tsom iav.
Raws li kev tshawb fawb lag luam, kev ua lag luam TreHalige loj yuav loj hlob ntawm tus nqi txhua xyoo ntawm 6.2% thiab yuav tsum tau tshaj 500 lab daus las los ntawm 2027.
Cim npe nrov: D (+) {{{{{{}} Trehalpe Cas 6138-23-4, Tuam Tshoj Chaw Tsim Tshuaj, Chaw Tsim Tshuaj, Chaw Muag Khoom, Yuav Khoom, Ntaus, Loj, Rau Muag