P-phenylenediamine hmoov, tseem hu ua Ulsi D, yog cov organic compound nrog cov tshuaj noj tshuaj c6h8n2. Nws yog ib qho dawb rau lub teeb liab doog uas yog me ntsis soluble hauv dej thiab soluble hauv ethanol, ether, benzene, thiab acetone. Vim tias muaj ob pawg amino nyob rau hauv nws cov qauv molecular, nws tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom siv hydrogen nrog dej thiab muaj qee yam kev hygroscopicity. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yuav oxidized thiab tig tsaus xim av thaum raug huab cua. P-phenylenediamine yog cov duab uas muaj ntxhiab tsw zoo, uas tuaj yeem siv los npaj cov ntaub ntawv organic los ntawm kev yees duab. Qhov no yog vim hais tias lub tshuab hluav taws xob π hauv lub nplhaib Benzene tuaj yeem nqus tau lub zog qis ultraviolet teeb los ntawm cov conjugation, yog li tsim duab yees duab. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim tshaj plaws cov tub sab thiab siv dav hauv nruab nrab, uas tuaj yeem siv los npaj azo dyes, polymers, cov roj hmab los tiv thaiv cov neeg sawv cev, thiab cov khoom siv thaij duab. Tsis tas li ntawd, p-phenylenediamine kuj yog cov siv uas nquag siv tshuaj ntsuam rau kev sim hlau thiab tooj liab.
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Tshuaj Cov Qauv |
C6H8N2 |
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Muaj pes tsawg leej |
108 |
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Molecular hnyav |
108 |
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m/z |
108 (100.0%), 109 (6.5%) |
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Kev Ntsuam Xyuas |
C, 66.64; H, 7.46; N, 25.90 |
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P-phenylenediamine hmoov, tseem hu ua p-phenylenediamine, yog dawb rau lub teeb liab doog ntawm chav tsev kub thiab siab. Nws hloov paj liab liab lossis xim av tsaus nti thaum raug huab cua thiab tsis muaj qhov tob hauv dej, tab sis soluble hauv cov organic cov kuab tshuaj. P-phenylenediamine belongs rau chav kawm ntawm Aniline Derivatives, uas muaj qhov tseem ceeb alkalinity thiab tuaj yeem hnov cov tshuaj hydrochloric acids fydrochloride ntsev. Vim yog cov kev ua haujlwm yooj yim
1. Khoom cua txaus thiab cov xim:
P-phenylenediamine yog ib nrab ntawm AZO disperse dyes, acid dyes, ncaj dyes thiab sulfide dyes. Ntxiv 3% hydrogen peroxide los ua cov xim dub, thiab ntxiv 5% ferric chloride kom ua rau nws xim av. Nws muaj kev muaj zog muaj zog rau Keratin hauv cov plaub hau, thiab nws cov txheej txheem oxidation yog cov txheej txheem sib xyaw xim thaum nti plaub hau. Nws tsis yog tsuas yog cov khoom siv tau zoo hauv cov plaub hau zas, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov khoom siv phom sij rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv.
Khoom cua Resin:
(1) Aramid Fiber 1414 tsim tawm los ntawm hws ntawm p-phenylenediamine thiab terephthalic fiber nrog cov khoom siv hluavtaws nrog cov khoom siv zoo thiab dav.
(2) Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm p-phenylenediammine nrog txiv neej Rosin Monooryl Chloride tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom lag luam zoo nkauj nrog kev ua yeeb yam zoo, uas tuaj yeem siv rau zaj duab xis thiab xaim kos duab. Nws yog ib hom resin nrog cov txiaj ntsig zoo.
(3) Kevlar, cov polymerensation tau los ntawm kev sib daj sib zog ntawm p-phenylenediamine thiab p-phlylenediamine thiab tam sim no siv nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv sib xyaw rau cov dav hlau dav hlau.
(4) Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm p-phenylenediamine thiab phosgene tuaj yeem tsim cov Diisocyanate (PPDI), thiab tom qab ntawd tsim polyurethane nrog siab crystallinity. Cov khoom muaj cov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws thiab tuaj yeem siv ua thermoplastic thiab castable elastomer.
(5) P-phenylenediamine reacts nrog cov ntxhiab dicarboxylic acid los tsim cov ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab polyamide thiab tom qab ntawd ua cov fiber ntau. Lawv tuaj yeem siv tau raws li kev txhawb nqa cov ntaub ntawv rau cov log tsheb thiab V-tawv, cov khoom siv kis las, cov khoom siv rau cov khoom siv muaj zog thiab cov khoom siv siab.
Roj Hmab Antioxidant:
(1) P-phenylenediamine thiab antioxidant synthesized nrog p-phenylenedInmine raws li cov khoom raw muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo, thiab muaj ntau yam nyob hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws. Nws yog tsuas yog siv los ua antioxidant rau cov roj hmab ntuj thiab cov roj hmab hluavtaws hluavtaws hluavtaws hluav taws xob hluavtaws.
(2) p-phenylenediamine tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha rau kev tiv thaiv kev laus ntawm cov roj hmab nyoos. Ib qho piv txwv yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm p-phenylenediamine thiab organic acid cobalt ntsev rau cov roj hmab nyoos. Cov roj hmab raw yog siv los tsim cov log tsheb hlau, uas overcomptomes cov teeb meem laus los ntawm kev ntxiv cov tshuaj nplaum los txhim kho cov nplaum hlau thiab roj hmab thaum lub sijhawm khaws khoom thiab vulcanization.
(3) Lub hws ntawm p-phenylenediamine thiab furfural kuj tseem tuaj yeem txhim kho cov nplaum ntawm cov hlau hlau thiab roj hmab.
Anti laus 288 tau txais los ntawm kev hws ntawm p-phenylenediamine nrog octanol -2 lossis cov ketone. Nws yog ib tus neeg sawv cev zoo heev ozone, ua tau zoo rau kev laus los ntawm oxygen thiab deflection, thiab muaj cov nyhuv tiv thaiv kev tawg. Nws yog qhov haum rau cov roj hmab roj hmab thiab cov roj hmab hluavtaws.
(4) Kev tawm tsam cov khoom qub ntawm cov khoom lag luam roj epoxidized zaub thiab p-phenylened tu li ntawd, tab sis nws tsis txau lub siab tawv, thiab muaj cov kuab tshuaj zoo dua 4010na.
Epoxy Resin Tus Chais Tus Neeg Sawv Cev:
(1) siv p-phenylenediamine raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm epoxy resin, tab sis kev kho cov cua sov epoxy yog 50 qib siab dua li ntawm cov phenolic resin.
(2) Cov khoom lag luam ntawm p-phenylenediamine nrog n - ({} am1 {5}} Am1 {5} {}} Am1} Qhov kub hloov ntawm cov khoom kho tau yog 227 degree thiab 202 degree, feem, feem, thiab tuaj yeem siv rau cov ntawv luam tawm cov laug cam. Lub iav hloov qhov kub ntawm cov khoom kho nrog 4,4 '- diaminodiphenyl sulfone yog 144 degree.
Roj roj ntxiv cov khoom ntxiv:
(1) lub condensate ntawm p-phenylenediamine nrog dibutyl phosphate thiab dib malate, ua rau kev tawm tsam phem thiab corrosion tsis zoo nyob rau hauv lub nra thaum qhov ntau npaum li cas yog 1%. Raws li lub roj av refulsifier, lub hws cov khoom ntawm p-phenylenediammine nrog ethylene oxide thiab propylene oxide muaj kev ua tau zoo heev.
(2) Lub hws ntawm p-phenylenediamine nrog leej faj, Alkyl phenol thiab pararormalydeyde tuaj yeem siv ua cov tshuaj ntxuav roj thiab lubricating roj.
Tus neeg saib xyuas carbon Dub:
P-phenylenediamine kho cov carbon dub yog siv los ua tus tsim tawm ntawm zinc oxide raws li kev yees duab hluav taws xob papsensitive ntawv. Lub sijhawm hu tau yog 0. 3 vib nas this}. 3 seconds, Daim duab zoo ib yam yog tseeb, thiab lub Cobe zoo Cobe tuaj yeem tau txais. Cov tshuaj ntsuab dub nrog p-phenylenediamine tuaj yeem siv ua xim dub thiab muaj peev xwm txhim kho hauv cov kua mem thiab lwm yam khoom uas muaj kev ua tau zoo heev.
Nplaim retardant:
Tsuas yog siv cov khoom p-phenylenediamine thiab tetrabromophthalic anhydride yog siv rau nplaim retardant ntawm tsawg polyethylene. Thaum 2 {{{{4 4}% yog ntxiv, kev sib txuas hluav taws xob yog txo los ntawm 1.24 nti / min, thiab txuas ntxiv}} nti tsis muaj nplaim taws retardant rau 0.25 nti. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov khoom lag luam p-phenylenediamine thiab dichlorophenyfmed ntawm polyimide iav rooj cuam tshuam txog kev sib txuas, uas tsis yog commensible ntawm 2000 (1093 degree) li 15 feeb.
P-phenylenediamine hmoov(PPD), nrog cov tshuaj noj tshuaj c6h8n2, yog ib qho tseem ceeb organic sib sau ua cov yeeb ncuab uas muaj ntxhiab. Nws cov qauv molecular muaj ib pawg benzene thiab ob pawg neeg amino (- NH2), uas xaus rau cov tshuaj lom neeg tshwj xeeb.
Qaug zog alkaline
Mechanism thiab kev ua tau zoo
Lub qaug zog alkalinity ntawm p-phenylenediamine tsuas yog qia los ntawm cov amino pab pawg hauv nws cov molecule. Cov nitrogen atom hauv ib pawg amino muaj ib khub hlua roj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob uas tuaj yeem lees cov protons (h ⁺), yog li nthuav tawm tsis muaj zog alkalinity.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog acid:
Raws li lub hauv paus tsis muaj zog, p-phenylenediamine tuaj yeem hnov mob nrog cov kua roj hlwb xws li cov kua qaub hauv dej los tsim cov ntsev dej. Piv txwv li:
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hydrochloric acid: tsim p-phenylenediamine hydrochloride ([C6H8N2] ⁺ cl ⁻).
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog sulfuric acid: tsim p-phlylenediamine sulfate ([C6H8N2] ⁺ ⁻).
Cov ntawv sau ua zoo muaj solubility nyob hauv dej, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv me me, thiab feem ntau tsis tas yuav tsum muaj cua sov lossis catalysis.
Diazotization cov tshuaj tiv thaiv:
Raws li cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb, p-phenylenediamine tuaj yeem yauv ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv diazotization. Piv txwv li, kho nrog nitroxyl sulfate nyob rau hauv kev sib xyaw ntawm phosphoric acid / sulfuric acid / sulfuric acid ua rau diazo compounds. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no muaj cov ntawv sau tseem ceeb hauv zas synthesis.
Daim Ntawv Thov Tseem Ceeb
Lub zog tsis muaj zog ntawm p-phenylenediamine ua rau nws muaj peev xwm muaj txiaj ntsig rau catalytic cov kev tshua thiab nruab nrab ntawm acidic tshuaj. Piv txwv li, hauv cov synthic synthesis, nws tuaj yeem ua raws li kev sib koom tes hauv paus rau hauv qee yam kev cuam tshuam.
Kev ceev
Mechanism thiab kev ua tau zoo
Qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm p-phenylenediamine feem ntau yog los ntawm nitrogen atom hauv cov amino pab pawg. AMino pab pawg tau yooj yim oxidized los ntawm cov muaj zog oxidants, ua rau cov hluav taws xob thiab kev hloov pauv tsis zoo.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog hydrogen peroxide:
Thaum lub sijhawm plaub hau zas dej, p-phenylenediamine undergoes ib tug oxidation peroxide (H2O2) los tsim cov khoom dub uas nkag rau hauv cov plaub hau plaub hau. Qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev txhim kho cov xim xim ntawm cov plaub hau zas.
Reacting nrog oxygen rau saum huab cua:
Raug rau huab cua, p-phenylenediamine yog yooj yim oxidized los ntawm oxygen, ua kom tsaus xim av benzoquinone diimide. Cov txheej txheem no yog nthawv thiab tsis xav tau sab nraud.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog manganese dioxide:
Nyob rau hauv muaj cov sulfuric acid, p-phenylenediamine undergoes ib tug oxidation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog manganese dioxide (MNO2) los tsim p-benzoquinone. Cov kev tshwm sim yog acidic ib puag ncig thiab feem ntau yuav tsum tau cua sov los txhawb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Daim Ntawv Thov Tseem Ceeb
Qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm p-phenylenediamine yog dav siv nyob rau hauv cov teb ntawm dyes, kws tshuaj, thiab lwm tus. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv zas synthesis, nws tuaj yeem ua ib qho tseem ceeb rau chromophores, tsim cov xim ntau nrog cov xim tshwj xeeb los ntawm oxidation kev tawm tsam.
Hloov Hloov Kev Ua Haujlwm
Mechanism thiab kev ua tau zoo
Amino pab pawg ntawm benzene ntiv nplhaib ntawmp-phenylenediamine hmoovyog ib pawg ua kom muaj zog ua kom muaj kev sib txuam ntawm cov kab mob hydogen ntawm lub nplhaib benzene ntawm lub beneron pub nyiaj, ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig los hloov kev hloov pauv hloov.
Nitricification tiv thaiv:
Nyob rau hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm concentrated nitric acid thiab concentrated sulfuric acid, para phenylenediamine tuaj yeem yauv ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nitro. Piv txwv li, tsim 4- nitro-p-phenylenediamine.
Sulfation |
Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov sulfuric acid, p-phenylenediamine tuaj yeem tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sulfened los ua kom muaj cov sulfonic acid raws li cov tebchaw. Piv txwv li, ua rau 4-}} sulfonic acid raws p-phenylenediamine.
Halogenation Resistion:
Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm cov chlorine (xws li chlorine thiab bromine) thiab catalysts (xws li ferric chloride), p-phenylenediamine tuaj yeem yebogenation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los tsim halogenated benzene tebchaw. Piv txwv li, ua rau 4-} chloro-phenylenediamine.
Daim Ntawv Thov Tseem Ceeb
Cov kev xav txawv txav ntawm p-phenylenediamine ib qho tseem ceeb hauv nruab nrab rau cov synthesis ntawm ntau cov duab uas muaj ntxhiab. Los ntawm kev qhia sib txawv ntawm cov chaw sib txawv, cov tebchaw nrog cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem npaj, xws li DYES, tshuaj, thiab lwm yam.
Ntau haiv neeg ntawm oxidation kev tawm tsam
Mechanism thiab kev ua tau zoo
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation ntawm p-phenylenediamine muaj ntau haiv neeg muaj ntau yam thiab tuaj yeem tsim ntau yam cov khoom siv oxidation nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej sib txawv.
Cua oxidation:
Raug rau huab cua, p-phenylenediamine yog sai oxidized los ntawm oxygen los ua cov xim av tsaus benzoquinone diimide. Qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog tshwm sim thiab tsis xav tau sab nraud.
Oxidation nyob rau hauv acidic tej yam kev mob:
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog manganese dioxide: nyob rau hauv muaj cov sulfuric acid, p-phenylenediamine undergoes oxidation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog manganese dioxide los tsim p-benzoquinone.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog sodium dichromate: nyob rau hauv muaj cov sulfuric acid, p-phenylenediamine undergoes oxidation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog sodium dichromate (na2cr2o ₇), uas tseem ua p-benzoquinone.
Oxidation nyob rau hauv lub coexistence ntawm amines tshwj xeeb:
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog aniline lossis ortho toluidine: nyob rau hauv muaj ntawm aniline lossis ortho toluidine, phenylenediamine undergoes oxidation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los ua cov xiav indamide. Tom qab npau npau, indamide ntxiv hloov mus rau hauv alkaline safranin.
Iron catalyzed oxidation:
Hauv cov dej ammonia, p-phenylenediamine yog maj mam oxidized los ntawm hlau los ua p-benzoquinone diimide. Qhov no sib xyaw no tsis ruaj khov thiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ntxiv los tsim cov kev sib txuas ua ntau yam - banderovsky cov hauv paus loj, uas yog intermediates tsim thaum cov plaub hau thiab plaub dowing.
Oxidation nyob rau hauv muaj cov methylene tebchaw:
Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm cov methylene tebchaw, p-phenylenediamine undergoes ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation los tsim kom muaj mezo methyl paus de.
Daim Ntawv Thov Tseem Ceeb
Qhov sib txawv ntawm oxidation kev ua yeeb yamp-phenylenediamine hmoovdav siv nyob rau hauv liaj teb xws li zas xim thiab yeeb tshuaj synthesis. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv zas synthesis, cov xim sib txawv xim molecules tuaj yeem npaj los ntawm kev tswj hwm cov mob oxidation. Hauv cov tshuaj synthesis, oxidation yuav siv tau los npaj cov lus teb nrog cov chaw muag tshuaj.
Cim npe nrov: P-Phenylenenuenuenuhmine Hmoov Cas 106-50-3, cov chaw muag khoom, chaw tsim khoom, chaw tsim khoom, yuav khoom, rau muag