Tus nqi tseem ceeb ntawmphenylboronic acidnyob hauv nws cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb- tsis muaj qhov khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob Cov cuab yeej zoo li no yooj yim tau dhau los ua lub hauv paus ntawm niaj hnub niaj hnub kev soj ntsuam cov piam thaj hauv cov thev naus laus zis - nws hloov cov txheej txheem enzymatic ib txwm ua thiab ua tiav ntev - lub sijhawm ruaj khov dynamic sensing ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg kua qab zib yam tsis muaj calibration nquag. Tshaj li ntawm thaj chaw kho mob, nws tseem yog qhov muag me me "tus yuam sij molecular": hauv kev xa cov tshuaj, nws tuaj yeem tso cov tshuaj ntse hauv kev teb rau kev hloov pauv hauv cov ntshav qab zib; nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv science, nws tsim nws tus kheej- kho cov dynamic covalent tes hauj lwm; Hauv tshuaj lom neeg biology, nws yog siv rau kev ntes thiab tshuaj xyuas ntawm glycoproteins. Yog li ntawd, phenylboronic acid tsis yog tsuas yog cov tshuaj molecule xwb, tab sis kuj yog ib tug universal molecular cuab tam uas txuas chemistry, biology, thiab cov ntaub ntawv science, converting microscopic paub tus cwj pwm mus rau hauv macroscopic ntse zog.
|
Tshuaj Formula |
C6H7BO 2 |
|
Exact Mass |
122 |
|
Molecular Luj |
122 |
|
m/z |
122 (100.0%), 121 (24.8%), 123 (6.5%), 122 (1.6%) |
|
Elemental Analysis |
C, 59.10; H, 5.79; B, 8.87; O, 26.24 |
|
|
|
Mob ntshav qab zib mellitus yog ib hom kab mob metabolic uas muaj ntau yam ua rau, tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev mob hyperglycemia, nrog rau cov metabolism hauv cov piam thaj, rog thiab cov protein tshwm sim los ntawm kev tso tawm insulin thiab / lossis kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Rau cov neeg mob uas muaj ntshav qab zib insulin-tiv thaiv, yuav tsum tau siv sijhawm ntev - txhaj tshuaj insulin subcutaneous, uas ua rau kev kho mob ntev heev. Cov ntshav qabzib ntsuas tus kheej tswj cov tshuaj insulin tuaj yeem kho cov tshuaj insulin tso tawm raws li cov ntshav qabzib concentration, yog li ua kom muaj kev mob siab rau kev kho mob thiab tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm hypoglycemia. Nws yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev tswj hwm.
Nws tuaj yeem tsim ib txoj hauv kev nrog cov piam thaj, yog li nyob rau xyoo tas los no, nws tau nkag mus rau hauv cov khoom siv tshuaj raws li monomer teb rau cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav txhawm rau tswj kev tso tawm ntawm insulin autonomously. Insulin yog glycosylated thiab khi rau gel microspheres uas muaj 4% (mo1) nws. Thaum muaj cov piam thaj, glycosylated insulin poob vim nws qhov kev sib tw hloov pauv rauphenylboronic acidqhov chaw.
Lawv pom tias qhov kev hloov pauv me me ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav yuav ua rau muaj kev tso tawm sai sai ntawm insulin, thiab nws tuaj yeem ua tiav cov mem tes tso tawm nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav. Kev taw qhia ntawm cov amino pawg rau hauv phenylboronic gel tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg ntawm phenylboronic ions, nce tus naj npawb ntawm phenylboronic complexes nyob rau hauv lub cev pH, nce insulin loading, thiab teb rau cov piam thaj tso tawm mus txog 120 h.
Yuav luag tag nrho cov cell membranes muaj cov tshuaj glycosylated, xws li glycolipids lossis glycoproteins, nrog ntau tus lej ntawm hydroxyl pawg (piv txwv li, gangliosides yog ceramides nrog cov lej sib txawv ntawm cov piam thaj), yog li lawv muaj qhov sib txuas nrog nws. Cov yam ntxwv no ua rau daim ntawv thov ntawm PBA hauv cov ntaub so ntswg engineering muaj kev txhawj xeeb ntau dua. Kev khi tus cwj pwm ntawm PAPBA nrog JV acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, sialic acid) nyob rau hauv cov kev daws teeb meem sib txawv pH tau kawm.
Cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias vim C Lub 5-txoj hauj lwm amino pawg muaj ib tug ruaj khov nyhuv ntawm boron atom. Ntawm physiological pH tus nqi ntawm 7-4, qhov txuas tas li ntawm PAPBA thiab Neu5Ac yog 7 npaug ntawm PAPBA thiab qabzib.
Nws qhia tias Neu5Ac yuav yog lub ntsiab receptor hauv kev sib cuam tshuam ntawmnwsthiab biofilm. Poly (L) tau grafted nrog nws thiab polyethylene glycol (PEG), raws li Lysine (PLL) skeleton. PBA, raws li qhov chaw sib txuas ntawm cov copolymer, tuaj yeem khi rau cis hydroxyl pawg ntawm receptors xws li glycolipids thiab glycoproteins ntawm biofilm, thaum PEG yog qhov chaw tsis muaj kev sib txuas.
Point, tuaj yeem tiv thaiv txawv teb chaws lectin thiab antibody khi. Los ntawm kev kho cov ntsiab lus ntawm PBA thiab PEG hauv copolymer, nws tuaj yeem ruaj khov rau hauv lub cell thiab tsim PEG tiv thaiv txheej sab nraud ntawm tes. Yog li, cov copolymer no tuaj yeem siv los tiv thaiv kev sib sau ntawm tes los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov qe ntshav liab tom qab hloov ntshav, thiab tseem tiv thaiv adhesion ntawm neutrophils rau vascular endothelial hlwb tom qab reperfusion.
Nws tuaj yeem koom tes nrog polyhydroxy compounds, uas ua rau nws muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv kev sib cais ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev sib cais chromatographic, kev taw qhia ntawm lawv monomer mus rau theem nyob ruaj khov muaj kev sib cais zoo ntawm polysaccharides, glycolipids, nucleotides thiab lwm yam tshuaj. Homogeneous porous hais uas muaj nws nrog ib tug particle loj li ntawm 10 um tau npaj los ntawm "multi-step micro suspension polymerization". Tus cwj pwm adsorption thiab desorption ntawm B. nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (~NAD) rau dihydroxy compounds tau tshawb xyuas siv nws ua qauv molecule.
Cov khoom tsis sib xws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov theem nyob ruaj khov ntawm affinity siab ua kua chromatography los txhim kho qhov tsis txaus thiab kev sib cais ntawm cov chromatographic kem, uas yuav tsum tau siv rau kev sib cais thiab kev txiav txim siab ntawm glycoproteins hauv plasma. Nws kuj tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv kev sib cais membrane. Qhov ua tau ntawm kev sib cais fructose los ntawm fermentation tank los ntawm kev siv cov kua membrane uas muajnwsmonomer tau kawm. Nws tau pom tias qhov kev xaiv sib cais coefficient ntawm hollow fiber membrane rau fructose / glucose tuaj yeem ncav cuag 20. Txawm hais tias qhov ruaj khov thiab ntws tus nqi ntawm daim nyias nyias yuav tsum tau txhim kho ntxiv, daim nyias nyias tseem muaj cov ntawv thov zoo.
Nws tau raug tshaj tawm tias nws tau nkag mus rau hauv lub sensor rau kev tshawb nrhiav ntau ntawm polysaccharide thiab lwm yam hydroxyl tshuaj. Nws thiab lwm yam monomers yog siv los ua ib zaj duab xis rau saum npoo ntawm cov electrode kub. Thaum twgphenylboronic acidua ke nrog cov suab thaj hauv kev daws teeb meem, cov cuab yeej electrolyte ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab hloov pauv, ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv tam sim no, thiab qhov kev hloov pauv no muaj feem xyuam rau cov concentration ntawm cov suab thaj, uas tuaj yeem siv rau kev tshawb nrhiav ntau ntawm polysaccharides. Tsis tas li ntawd, mercaptan cov tebchaw uas muaj lawv tau muab sib xyaw thiab sib sau ua ke rau ntawm qhov chaw kub los ua tus kheej -them ua yeeb yaj kiab TGA-PBA/Au, uas tuaj yeem ua tiav kev tshawb pom siab ntawm monosaccharides.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, nws tau nkag mus rau hauv gel substrate, thiab hologram ntawm lub kaw lus tau pom: thaum cov piam thaj thiab lwm yam khoom xyaw ua ke nrog nws, cov gel nthuav tawm, ua rau cov liab hloov pauv ntawm qhov diffraction wavelength ntawm hologram. Cov cuab yeej no tuaj yeem siv los txheeb xyuas qhov concentration ntawm qabzib ntau. Lub kaw lus tuaj yeem siv tau tiag tiag - lub sijhawm saib xyuas kev loj hlob ntawm tes. Yog tias cov ntaub ntawv biocompatible siv los ua gel substrates, lawv tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv holographic rau cov piam thaj hauv cov kua hauv lub cev. Yog hais tias ib pawg fluorescent tau nkag rau hauvnws, nws txoj kev khi tus cwj pwm nrog cov piam thaj thiab lwm yam khoom yuav ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv fluorescence. Raws li cov cuab yeej no, ib txoj kev fluorescence rhiab heev tuaj yeem tsim los txhawm rau kuaj ntshav qabzib thiab lwm yam tshuaj.
Muaj ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb hauv cheeb tsam no thiab cov kev txheeb xyuas cuam tshuam. Vim tias cov ntshav qabzib concentration tseem ceeb heev rau kev kuaj mob thiab kho mob ntshav qab zib, ntau tus kws tshawb fawb tau cog lus los tsim cov txheej txheem uas tsis yog -invasive cov txheej txheem uas tuaj yeem soj ntsuam cov ntshav qabzib ntau hauv lub cev. Lub lens uas twb muaj lawm uas tau ua kom zoo rau qhov pom kev hloov kho thiab oxygen permeability yog embedded nrog dej -solublephenylboronic acidderivatives uas muaj fluorescent pawg. Lub lens ua li no tuaj yeem ntes cov piam thaj hauv cov kua muag sai thiab tsis muaj teeb meem, thiab tom qab ntawd tau txais cov ntshav qabzib concentration. Yog li, nws yog ib qho cuab yeej zoo tshaj plaws rau lub sijhawm tiag - saib xyuas cov ntshav qabzib concentration ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib.
Ib txoj kev npaj: lub ntsiab technical scheme yog: kev npaj ntawm PBA suav nrog ob kauj ruam: kev npaj ntawm Grignard cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab kev npaj ntawm nws los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub kauj ruam thib ob, tributyl borate yog siv los hloov trimethyl borate nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem qub, yog li cov khoom yield tuaj yeem ncav cuag yam tsawg 60%; Hauv cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv, tributyl borate yog hydrolyzed los ntawm acid los tsim butanol. Vim tias nws cov ntsiab lus kub kub ntau dua li tetrahydrofuran, nws tuaj yeem ua tau zoo distilled thiab sib cais, thiab tetrahydrofuran uas tau tshem tawm butanol tuaj yeem kho. Nws tuaj yeem rov qab siv tau rau kev sib txuas ntawm nws, txuag cov ntaub ntawv raw, thiab txo cov nqi ntawm cov khoom ntau dua 50%. Siv cov txheej txheem no los tsim muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom lag luam siab thiab cov nqi tsim khoom tsawg.
PBA yog cov organic compound uas muaj boron, nrog rau cov mis molecular ntawm C ₆ H ₇ BO ₂ thiab molecular hnyav ntawm 121.93. Nyob rau hauv nws cov dawb rhombohedral siv lead ua qauv, boron atoms hybridize nrog sp ² los ua ib tug planar daim duab peb sab conformation, muaj ib tug khoob p orbital, muab nws ib tug tshwj xeeb Lewis acidity. Qhov kev sib xyaw no tau ua kom pom cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv cov organic synthesis, cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb, biomedical thiab lwm yam kev lag luam, thiab nws cov khoom siv tshuaj muaj peev xwm ua tau raws li hauv qab no:
|
|
|
|
|
Lub pKa ntawm PBA yog hais txog 8.8, thiab muaj dynamic equilibrium nyob rau hauv nws cov aqueous tov: thaum pHpKa, boron atoms ua ke nrog hydroxide ions los ua sp ³ hybridization, generating tetrahedral borate anions uas nthuav tawm hydrophilicity. Qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm pH no yog lub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov khoom ntse, piv txwv li, tus kheej - sib dhos thiab disassembly ntawmphenylboronic acidmuaj cov polymers tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev kho tus nqi pH ntawm cov tshuaj.
PBA tuaj yeem tsim rov qab boronic ester bonds nrog cov tebchaw uas muaj cis dihydroxy pawg, xws li qabzib, polyvinyl cawv, catechol, thiab lwm yam. Cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj kev sib koom tes ntawm boron atom khoob orbitals nrog ib leeg khub electrons ntawm hydroxyl oxygen atoms, tsim ib tug tsib los yog rau tus tswv cuab cyclic qauv. Kev ruaj ntseg ntawm ester bonds yog tswj los ntawm pH tus nqi: nyob rau hauv alkaline tej yam kev mob, borate anions react nrog dihydroxy pawg los tsim ester ruaj khov; Nyob rau hauv acidic tej yam kev mob, ester bond cleavage tso substrates. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev sib tw dihydroxy compounds hauv lub cev tuaj yeem hloov pauv cov ntawv cog lus ester uas twb tau tsim lawm, uas tau siv los tsim cov piam thaj teb cov tshuaj insulin.
Hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb, cov dynamic covalent zog ntawm borate ester bonds endow hydrogels nrog tus kheej - kho muaj peev xwm. Piv txwv li, polyvinyl cawv hydrogel uas muaj PBA tuaj yeem hloov kho raws li qhov tshwm sim tom qab tawg, thiab nws cov cuab yeej cuab tam rov qab tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau dua 90%, muab lub tswv yim tshiab rau kev tsim cov khoom siv tawv nqaij bionic.
PBA nthuav tawm kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm cov pa oxygen reactive (ROS). Noj hydrogen peroxide ua piv txwv, nws cov txheej txheem oxidation suav nrog: ROS nucleophilic nres ntawm boron atom khoob orbitals ua rau cov hluav taws xob rov qab, tsim cov peroxide intermediates, ua raws li hydrolysis kom tshem tawm boronic acid pawg. Cov yam ntxwv no yog siv los tsim ROS cov neeg nqa tshuaj, xws li PBA hloov kho nanoparticles uas tuaj yeem txo qis hauv cov qog microenvironment (ROS concentration txog li 10 ⁻⁴ M), ua tiav qhov tso tawm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Kev sim cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau hais tias hom kab mob no muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntau dua hauv cov ntaub so ntswg (ROS concentration<10 ⁻⁷ M) than in tumor tissues.
Qhov chaw tsis muaj qhov chaw ntawm boron atoms tuaj yeem tsim kev sib koom tes nrog nitrogen- muaj cov tshuaj xws li pyridine, amines, thiab tshuaj molecules xws li doxorubicin. Qhov kev sib cuam tshuam no yog siv rau kev thauj tshuaj thiab tswj kev tso tawm kev txhim kho. Piv txwv li, PBA hloov kho mesoporous silica nanoparticles tuaj yeem ua rau doxorubicin los ntawm boron nitrogen coordination bonds, nrog rau cov tshuaj thauj khoom muaj peev xwm txog li 15 wt%, thiab cov tshuaj tso tawm tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib koom tes sib koom ua ke hauv cov kab mob acidic. Tsis tas li ntawd, PBA tsim ib qho chaw ruaj khov nrog ATP adenine bases (Kd ≈ 10 ⁻⁵ M), muab lub hauv paus molecular rau tsim ATP teb nanovalves.
Raws li ib qho tseem ceeb reagent hauv Suzuki coupling cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, PBA tuaj yeem tsim cov pa roj carbon zoo nrog aryl halides hauv qab palladium catalysis. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj xws li: oxidative ntxiv (Pd ⁰ → Pd ² ⁺), metalization (kev sib koom tes ntawm PBA thiab Pd ² ⁺), thiab txo kev tshem tawm (tsim muaj ntxhiab hydrocarbons). Nyob rau hauv microwave-cov kev pab cuam, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tawm los ntawm PBA nrog aryl chloride tuaj yeem ncav cuag 92%, thiab lub sijhawm tshuaj tiv thaiv luv luv rau 10 feeb. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tau dhau los ua cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau kev sib txuas cov tshuaj molecules (xws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv -cov tshuaj kho mob cancer imatinib), cov ntaub ntawv siv lead ua kua, thiab cov khoom siv polymers.
PBA muaj peev xwm xaiv tau zoo rau biomolecules uas muaj cis dihydroxy pawg. Qhov saum npoo ntawm cov qog hlwb tau nthuav tawm sialic acid (muaj cov qauv neuraminic acid dihydroxy), thiab PBA hloov kho nanoparticles tuaj yeem tsom rau cov qog nqaij hlav, nrog rau lub hom phiaj ua haujlwm 5.8 npaug siab dua li cov khoom tsis hloov pauv. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm PBA thiab cov piam thaj tau siv los txhim kho cov ntshav qabzib txuas ntxiv nrog kev kuaj pom rhiab heev ntawm 0.1 mM thiab lub sijhawm teb tsawg dua 30 vib nas this.
Cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg ntawmphenylboronic acidencompass ntau qhov ntev, nrog rau cov kua qaub- hauv paus equilibrium, dynamic covalent chemistry, redox teb, kev sib koom tes, thiab catalytic kev ua si. Cov yam ntxwv no ua rau nws yog lub platform zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim cov tshuab xa tshuaj ntse, tus kheej -cov ntaub ntawv kho mob, biosensors, thiab cov organic molecules ua haujlwm. Nrog rau kev nkag siab tob txog cov txheej txheem tshuaj ntawm boron, daim ntawv thov kev cia siab ntawm PBA hauv cov tshuaj precision, cov ntaub ntawv ib puag ncig, thiab lwm yam kev lag luam yuav nthuav dav ntxiv.
FAQ
1. Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm Phenylboronic acid yog dab tsi?
Nws yog ib qho organic boron compound, thiab nws cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb stems los ntawm cov hluav taws xob -tsis muaj qhov xwm txheej ntawm boron atom, ua rau nws rov qab khi nrog cov qauv uas muaj cis diols (xws li qab zib) lossis qee pawg nitrogen ua haujlwm. Cov cuab yeej no ua rau nws yog ib qho cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau kev paub tshuaj lom neeg thiab kev paub txog molecular.
2. Nws ua haujlwm li cas hauv kev soj ntsuam ntshav qab zib?
Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov cim ntawm cov sensors hauv feem ntau kev soj ntsuam cov piam thaj tas li (CGM). Los ntawm reversibly binding qabzib nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg kua, nws ua rau kev hloov nyob rau hauv tam sim no los yog fluorescence signals, enabling enzyme - dawb tiag - lub sij hawm ntsuas cov ntshav qabzib concentration, zam qhov tsis zoo ntawm ib txwm enzymatic txoj kev uas yog nquag mus inactivation.
3. Dhau li ntawm kev soj ntsuam ntshav qab zib, dab tsi yog lwm qhov kev txiav - ntug daim ntawv thov thaj chaw?
Xws li: 1) Kev xa tshuaj: Tsim "ntse" cov tshuaj tso tawm los ntawm kev siv nws cov rhiab heev rau cov suab thaj; 2) Reversible Covalent Chemistry: Siv rau dynamic covalent bonding thiab nws tus kheej- kho cov ntaub ntawv; 3) Glycoprotein Kev Ntsuam Xyuas thiab Kev Sib cais: Raws li nws cov peev xwm tshwj xeeb ntes rau cov qauv suab thaj.
Cim npe nrov: Phenylboronic acid CAS 98-80-6, lwm tus neeg, manufacturers, hoobkas, lag luam wholesale, yuav, nqe, tej, kev muag khoom