Tetrabutylammonium Bromide Hmoov CAS 1643-19-2

Tetrabutylammonium bromide hmoov, tseem hu ua tetrabutylammonium bromide, yog cov organic ntsev, CAS 1643-19-2, Cov mis mos molecular yog C16H36BrN. Cov khoom ntshiab yog dawb crystals los yog hmoov, nrog deliquescence, ib tug tshwj xeeb tsw, thiab zoo stability ntawm chav tsev kub thiab siab. Yooj yim rau yaj hauv dej, ethanol, ether, thiab acetone, me ntsis soluble hauv benzene. Toxic, feem ntau siv los ua ib qho nruab nrab hauv cov organic synthesis, theem hloov catalyst, thiab ion khub reagent. Nws yog siv rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov tshuaj intermediates xws li benzyltriethylammonium chloride, ethyl cinnamate, pseudoionone, thiab lwm yam, nrog rau cov synthesis ntawm cov tshuaj organic xws li tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob xws li bamacillin thiab sultamicillin. Nws kuj yog siv los ua ib qho khoom siv hauv kev sib txuas ntawm cov tshuaj teev tseg xws li tshuaj tiv thaiv ntshav qab zib dag dagelin nrog cov txheej txheem tshiab ntawm kev ua. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev hloov mus rau kev sib txuas ntawm tiopronin, kev txhim kho lub siab ua haujlwm thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob metabolic, tab sis kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev bromine los koom rau hauv kev sib txuas ntawm cov leeg nqaij relaxant reversal agent, Shugenglucuronium.

Tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB), raws li ib qho tseem ceeb quaternary ammonium ntsev compound, tau qhia dav daim ntawv thov nqi nyob rau hauv ntau yam xws li tshuaj synthesis, tshuaj manufacturing, ib puag ncig tiv thaiv, electrochemistry, thiab cov ntaub ntawv kev tshawb fawb vim nws cov cim tshuaj qauv (molecular formula C ₁₆ H ₆ BrNs) thiab cov organic siv lead ua kua, yooj yim zog (why crystallization). deliquescence).

Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm catalysis thiab intermediates hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov tshuaj synthesis

 

1. Theem hloov catalyst (PTC)
Kev siv classic tshaj plaws yog raws li theem hloov pauv catalyst, siv los txhawb kev hloov pauv thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv ob-theem tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob (xws li dej organic theem). Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txiav txim yog tias quaternary ammonium cation (C ₄ H ₉) ₄ N ⁺) tuaj yeem ua ke nrog cov anions hauv cov theem aqueous (xws li OH ⁻, Br ⁻) los tsim cov ion khub thiab hloov mus rau theem organic, yog li rhuav tshem cov theem sib cais ntawm cov reactants hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib txawv thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Cov ntawv thov raug:
Pseudo violet ketone synthesis:Tetrabutylammonium bromide hmoovraws li ib tug catalyst tuaj yeem txhawb cov condensation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm citral thiab acetone nyob rau hauv lub synthesis ntawm pseudo violet ketone, nrog ib tug yield nce ntau tshaj 85%, deb tshaj li cov txheej txheem ib txwm 60%.

 

Cinnamic acid decarboxylation thiab bromination: TBAB yog ua ke nrog 2-iodoylbenzoic acid (IBX) kom ua tau zoo decarboxylation thiab bromination ntawm cinnamic acid nyob rau hauv ib tug tov hnyav ntawm acetonitrile thiab dej, nrog ib tug yield ntawm 92% thiab me me cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tej yam kev mob (60 degree, atmospheric siab).
Synthesis ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob: TBAB yog siv los catalyze cov synthesis ntawm - lactam tshuaj tua kab mob xws li ampicillin thiab sultamicillin, los ntawm kev txhawb kev tsim cov carbon nitrogen bonds, shortening cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub sij hawm, thiab txhim kho cov khoom purity.

2. Alkylation thiab Acylation Reactions
Lub quaternary ammonium ntsev qauv ntawm TBAB ua rau nws zoo tagnrho catalyst rau alkylation thiab acylation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Piv txwv li:
N-alkylation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: Tetrabutylammonium bromide tuaj yeem ua rau N-alkylation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm 3-indole nrog bromoalkane los tsim N-alkylindole derivatives, uas muaj nuj nqis tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim tshuaj.

 

Alkylation ntawm enolates: TBAB reacts nrog enolates los tsim cov khoom ruaj khov alkylated, uas yog siv rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov tshuaj steroid thiab cov khoom ntuj tsim.

3. Green chemistry txheej txheem
Nrog rau cov kev cai ib puag ncig nruj zuj zus, TBAB tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov tshuaj ntsuab ntsuab vim nws cov tshuaj lom neeg tsawg, siab purity, thiab rov ua dua tshiab. Piv txwv li:
Unsolvented bromination cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: Los ntawm kev qhia bromine vapor rau hauv TBAB khoom, tributylammonium bromide (TBABr ∝) tuaj yeem ncaj qha sib xyaw nrog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm 84%, zam qhov tsis muaj kuab paug ntawm bromine hauv cov txheej txheem bromination.
Synthesis los ntawm ion exchange method: siv gel hom muaj zog yooj yim anion pauv resin los hloov Br ⁻ hauv TBAB tov nrog OH ⁻ los tsim tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAOH). Cov resin yog txuas dua tshiab thiab rov ua dua tshiab, txo cov nqi tsim khoom.

Lub dual pab ntawm antibacterial thiab tshuaj synthesis nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm kev tsim tshuaj

 

1. Antibacterial tshuaj raw cov ntaub ntawv
TBAB nws tus kheej muaj peev xwm tua kab mob muaj zog thiab tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha los npaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob tua kab mob. Nws cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog txhawm rau rhuav tshem cov kab mob permeability ntawm cov kab mob cell membranes, ua rau kom cov ntsiab lus ntawm tes, yog li tua cov kab mob, fungi, thiab kab mob.
Daim ntawv thov scenarios:
Tshuaj tua kab mob hauv tsev kho mob: TBAB tov yog siv los tua kab mob ntawm cov cuab yeej phais thiab hauv pawg ntseeg ib puag ncig, tua cov tshuaj tua kab mob zoo - cov kab mob resistant xws li methicillin - resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
Khoom noj khoom haus ua kom tsis muaj menyuam: TBAB, raws li cov khoom seem uas tsis muaj fungicide, yog siv los ntxuav cov nqaij thiab cov khoom siv mis nyuj ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm zaub mov.

2. Intermediate rau tshuaj synthesis
TBAB plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim tshuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev lag luam biopharmaceuticals thiab tshuaj tshuaj.

 

Synthesis of daggligin: TBAB catalyzes deoxynucleophilic thiab electrophilic conversion ntawm amide los tsim - aminophosphonate intermediate, uas muab cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb rau kev synthesis ntawm daggligin, tshuaj tiv thaiv ntshav qab zib tshiab.
Kev txhim kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntshav qab zib: TBAB yog siv los ua kom muaj cov pa roj carbon nitrogen thiab carbon oxygen bonds, thiab txhawb kev tsim cov tshuaj hypoglycemic tshiab.
3. Agricultural fungicides thiab tshuaj tua kab
TBAB yog siv rau hauv kev ua liaj ua teb los tiv thaiv thiab tswj cov kab mob qoob loo thiab kab tsuag, thiab tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov qoob loo
Fungicide: TBAB tov tshuaj tsuag rau saum npoo ntawm nplooj tuaj yeem inhibit fungal spore germination, tiv thaiv thiab tswj cov kab mob qoob loo, cov hmoov nplej hmoov nplej, thiab lwm yam.
Insecticides: TBAB yog compounded nrog pyrethroid compounds los txhim kho kev sib cuag thiab plab toxicity tiv thaiv kab tsuag thiab txo kev siv tshuaj tua kab.

Kev siv tshiab ntawm kev kho dej thiab kev kho cov pa phem hauv thaj chaw tiv thaiv ib puag ncig

 

1. Adsorption thiab nag lossis daus ntawm cov hlau hnyav ions
TBAB tshem tawm cov hlau hnyav ions (xws li Pb ² ⁺, Cd ² ⁺, Hg ² ⁺) los ntawm cov dej khib nyiab los ntawm chelation, tsim insoluble oxalate lossis hydroxide precipitates:
Kev tshawb fawb hauv chav kuaj: TBAB muaj kev kho mob ntau dua 95% rau cov hmoov txhuas uas muaj cov dej khib nyiab (thawj cov ntsiab lus ntawm 100mg / L), nrog cov hmoov lead concentration qis dua 0.1mg / L (ua raws li Cov Txheej Txheem Kev Tshaj Tawm Kev Tshaj Tawm Txog Kev Tshaj Tawm).
Daim ntawv thov kev lag luam: TBAB tau ua ke nrog polyacrylamide txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhav

2. Degradation ntawm cov organic kuab paug
TBAB, raws li cov khoom siv electrolyte, txhawb kev degradation ntawm cov organic pollutants hauv electrochemical oxidation txoj kev

 

Kev kho cov dej khib nyiab: TBAB Na ₂ SO ₄ electrolysis system tuaj yeem degrade azo dyes zoo (xws li methyl txiv kab ntxwv), nrog rau COD tshem tawm ntau dua 90%.
Cov tshuaj tua kab tshem tawm: TBAB catalyzes electrochemical txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los hloov cov tshuaj tua kab organic phosphorus (xws li dichlorvos) rau hauv cov khoom tsis muaj tshuaj lom, txo cov av thiab dej paug.
3. Kev kho av thiab kev tswj hwm calcium ion
Hauv kev txhim kho cov av saline alkali, TBAB chelates Ca ² ⁺ hauv av, txo cov calcium uas sib pauv tau, thiab ua kom tsis muaj zog ntawm sodium ions ntawm cov qauv av:
Kev sim teb: Tom qab siv TBAB, cov av pH txo qis los ntawm 0.5-1.0 units, thiab cov qoob loo tshwm sim nce 15% -20%.
Mechanism kawm: TBAB cov ntaub ntawv soluble complexes nrog Ca ² ⁺, txo cov adsorption ntawm calcium ions ntawm cov av particle nto thiab txhawb sodium ion leaching.

Electrochemical thiab Materials Science: Kev Npaj thiab Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Ua Haujlwm

 

1. Electrolyte additives
TBAB, raws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntxiv, tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov roj teeb thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Lithium ion roj teeb:Tetrabutylammonium bromide hmoovntxiv rau cov electrolyte tuaj yeem inhibit lithium dendrite kev loj hlob thiab txuas ntxiv lub roj teeb lub neej.
Supercapacitors: TBAB organic solvent electrolysis system txhim kho lub zog ceev ntawm ob - txheej capacitors, nrog lub zog ceev txog li 10kW / kg.
2. Kev npaj ntawm nanomaterials
TBAB yog siv nyob rau hauv nanotechnology thiab nto kev tshawb fawb los npaj cov khoom siv tau zoo thiab ruaj khov nanocomposites:
Quantum dot synthesis: TBAB ua raws li qhov chaw ligand kom ruaj khov CdSe quantum dots, tiv thaiv kev sib sau, thiab txhim kho fluorescence quantum yield.

 

Kev hloov kho Graphene: TBAB hloov kho qhov chaw ntawm graphene los ntawm π - π kev sib cuam tshuam, txhim kho nws txoj kev sib txuas nrog cov polymers thiab txhim kho cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw.

3. Surfactants thiab emulsifiers
Lub quaternary ammonium ntsev qauv ntawm TBAB ua rau nws yog ib qho zoo heev surfactant siv rau hauv detergents, anti- cov neeg ua haujlwm zoo li qub, thiab lwm yam.
Cov mis mos detergent: TBAB txo qhov nro ntawm cov dej, txhim kho qhov muaj peev xwm tshem tawm, thiab muaj cov kab mob bactericidal.
Antistatic txheej: TBAB yog sib xyaw nrog polyvinyl cawv los npaj cov pob tshab los tiv thaiv- zaj duab xis zoo li qub rau kev ntim khoom hluav taws xob.

Lwm qhov chaw thov tshiab tshiab

 

1. Dye thiab pigment kev lag luam
TBAB yog siv los tsim azo dyes, xanthene dyes, anthraquinone dyes, thiab lwm yam., thiab ua tus tsim tawm, wool mordant, thiab tawv xim tus neeg sawv cev:
Dye synthesis: TBAB catalyzes diazotization cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los ua kom muaj siab -purity azo dyes nrog cov xim ceev ceev ntawm 4-5 qib.
Tawv dyeing: TBAB cov ntaub ntawv complexes nrog hlau ions los ua kom cov adsorption muaj peev xwm ntawm dyes ntawm tawv fibers, uas ua rau ib tug uniform thiab tag nrho cov xim.
2. Cov tshuaj chemical reagents
TBAB, raws li ib tug khub ion reagent thiab polarographic tsom xam reagent, yog siv rau chromatographic sib cais thiab electrochemical detection:

 

Ion khub chromatography: TBAB tsim nruab nrab ion khub nrog acidic los yog alkaline analytes, txhim kho chromatographic tuav lub sij hawm thiab kev sib cais efficiency.

Polarographic tsom xam: TBAB ua hauj lwm pab raws li ib tug txhawb electrolyte kom tshem tawm cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm ions thiab ua tiav siab rhiab heev ntawm cov hlau ions.
3. Ntawv pov thawj waterproofing
TBAB yog siv rau hauv cov ntawv tsim cov txheej txheem los txhim kho cov dej tsis kam thiab kev siv lub zog ntawm daim ntawv
Txheej txheej: TBAB yog sib xyaw nrog rosin nplaum los tsim cov txheej txheem dej tsis zoo, txo cov dej nqus ntawm daim ntawv kom qis dua 5%.
Glue daim ntawv thov nyhuv: TBAB txhawb nqa kev faib tawm ntawm rosin kua nplaum rau ntawm qhov chaw fiber ntau, txhim kho lub zog tensile thiab flexural zog ntawm daim ntawv.

Txoj kev npaj ntawmtetrabutylammonium bromide hmoov:

N (tri-n-butylamine): n (1-bromobutane)=1.0:1.1, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hnyav ethyl acetate 20 mL, ntxiv rau autoclave, hloov cov huab cua hauv autoclave nrog nitrogen peb zaug, thiab ntim nrog nitrogen kom txog thaum lub siab nyob rau hauv lub autoclave yog 4 MPa cov roj 10 lub sij hawm, thiab 4℃da dej. h.

Cov khoom yog raug rau lub tshuab nqus tsev distillation kom rov qab tau ethyl acetate thiab 1-bromobutane, thiab sib tov ntawm roj av ether thiab 1-bromobutane ntxiv rau disperse cov khoom tom qab distillation. Kev sib xyaw ntawm roj av ether thiab 1-bromobutane nrog qhov sib piv loj ntawm 1.0: 1.3 yog ntxiv peb zaug, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxuav thiab lim. Muab cov khoom lim dej tso rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev ziab kom qhuav kom qhov hnyav tas li, thiab tom qab ntawd cov khoom tuaj yeem tau txais, nrog rau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kwv yees li 83.93% thiab purity ntawm 98.96%.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mechanism:

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv TBAB synthesis zoo li yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thib ob, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav yog SN2 cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tributylamine muaj ib khub ntawm electrons, uas ua raws li nucleophilic reagent los tua 1-bromobutane. Thaum cov nucleophilic reagent maj mam tsim ib daim ntawv cog lus tshiab nrog cov saturated carbon atom ntawm bromobutane, cov pab pawg Br yog maj mam thawb tawm ntawm cov saturated carbon atom los ua ib qho khoom siv thiab tom qab ntawd hloov mus rau hauv cov khoom. Vim yog kev tsim cov tshuaj activated, qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov txheej txheem nce, yog li △ S0<0. The activation energy of the whole reaction is large. Increasing the reaction temperature can help the reaction to proceed faster.

Tetrabutylammonium bromide Cov Khoom Siv Tshuaj:

Xyoo 1951, Buckles thiab lwm tus tau npaj TBABr3 los ntawm kev sib cais tetrabutylammonium bromide hauv brominated carbon tetrachloride tov. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv lub sijhawm luv luv nrog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm 91%. TBABr3 kuj tuaj yeem tau los ntawm kev hla cov bromine vapor los ntawm cov khoom tetrabutylammonium bromide yam tsis muaj kuab lom thiab tiv tauj cov vapor nrog cov khoom rau ob peb teev, nrog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm 84%.

Xyoo 1987, Kajigaeshi et al. yaj tetrabutylammonium bromide nyob rau hauv aqueous tov ntawm sodium bromate thiab ntxiv hydrobromic acid rau cov tshuaj los npaj TBABr3 nrog ib tug yield ntawm 95%, uas yog yooj yim dua rau kev khiav lag luam thiab zam kev siv yooj yim bromine.

Ntsuas ib qho nyiaj ntawm quaternary ammonium ntsev thiab ntxiv rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hlab ntsha, ntxiv ib qho nyiaj ntawm dej thiab nyiaj oxide, thiab tom qab ntawd do rau 1 teev tom ntej. Nqa cov qauv rau centrifugation thiab kuaj seb lub supernatant puas tseem muaj halogen ions. Yog tias nws tseem muaj cov halogen ions, ntxiv cov nyiaj oxide kom txog thaum tsis pom cov halogen ions. Lim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab cov theem rov qab yog cov tshuaj aqueous ntawm quaternary ammonium puag. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv quaternary ammonium hauv paus hauv kev daws los ntawm oxidized los ntawm carbon dioxide hauv huab cua, pom yuav tsum tau nqa tawm hauv nitrogen.

Sib tov cov tshuaj methanol ntawm tetrabutylammonium bromide nrog cov tshuaj methanol ntawm poov tshuaj hydroxide, thiab ua rau 0.5h. Cov sib tov tau txais tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog lim, thiab ib feem ntawm anhydrous methanol li hnyav raug tshem tawm los ntawm atmospheric distillation. Tom qab ntawd, ntxiv dej ntshiab thiab txuas ntxiv atmospheric distillation kom tshem tawm methanol thiab trin -butylamine ua los ntawm micro decomposition. Thaum kawg, cov tau txais concentrate yog pauv mus rau crystallizer, txias, crystallized thiab lim nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv ntawm quicklime absorbing ntaus ntawv. Cov khoom lim tau qhuav hauv qhov cub kom qhuav ntawm 80℃kom tau txais cov khoom siv lead ua dawb.

Gel hom muaj zog yooj yim anion txauv resin 201 × 4. Tom qab pretreatment, nws yog loaded rau hauv kem, thiab ib tug tej yam concentration ntawm tetrabutylammonium bromide tov yog npaj rau ion pauv kom tau tetrabutylammonium hydroxide aqueous kua. Cov ion txauv resin yog regenerated nrog NaOH tov thiab siv dua. Lub exchangeable ion OH - nqa los ntawm cov resin functional pab pawg neeg yog siv rau ion pauv nrog tetrabutylammonium bromide tov, Br - yog adsorbed rau ntawm resin, thiab OH - nkag mus rau hauv cov tshuaj.

Tetrabutylammonium bromide yog decomposed rau hauv 52% thiab 92% tributylamine nyob rau hauv concentrated NaOH aqueous tov ntawm 60 los yog 100℃tom qab 7 teev.

Hauv cov roj chromatography, qhov tsawg kawg nkaus kub rau kev ua tiav ntawm tetrabutylammonium bromide rau hauv ntsev hauv cov kua dej yog 300 degree.

Kev sib xyaw ntawm 2-iodoylbenzoic acid (IBX) thiab tetrabutylammonium bromide tuaj yeem siv rau decarboxylation thiab bromination ntawm cinnamic acid. Qee cov hlau halides thiab lwm cov theem hloov catalysts tuaj yeem siv ua halogenation reagents. Acetonitrile - dej (2: 1, v / v) yog cov kuab tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas muaj zog electron nqus, zoo yields tau.

Nyob rau hauv cov cua kub, N-alkylation ntawm indole tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm tetrabutylammonium bromide thiab 3-indole.

Tetrabutylammonium bromide tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog enolate los tsim cov khoom alkylation.

Txoj kev kuaj:
1. Titration:
Ua tib zoo hnyav txog 1.0 g ntawm cov qauv, yaj nws hauv 250 mL conical hwj, thiab ntxiv 50 mL dej. Ntxiv 0.05 g ntawm sodium bicarbonate thiab 0.2 mL ntawm eosin reagent tov. Titrate nrog 0.1 g / L silver nitrate tov kom txog rau thaum thawj discoloration . 1 mL 0.1 g / L silver nitrate tov yog sib npaug rau 0.03224 g tetrabutylammonium bromide.
TBAB cov ntsiab lus (%)=Volume of consumed standard solution (mL) × 0.03224 ÷ 1 g (piv txwv luj) × 100%
2. Polarography:
Cathode: poob mercury electrode
Anode: Pt hlau
Npaj 1.0 M tov (32.24 g tetrabutylammonium bromide hauv 100 mL dej), thiab ntxiv 0.2 mL ntawm 1.0 M.tetrabutylammonium bromide hmoov. Deoxidize nrog siab -purity nitrogen kom txog thaum qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tom qab tam sim no mus txog (li 5 feeb). Los ntawm kev siv cov xwm txheej uas qhov kev hloov pauv amplitude yog 50 mV nrog qhov txo qis ntawm 1 s, qhov scanning ntau yog los ntawm - 1.2 rau - 2.6 V nrog rhiab heev ntawm 0.5 µ A ntawm 0.01 V / s. Yog tias tam sim no tau pom tias muaj ntau dua 0.05 µ A, nws txhais tau tias cov khoom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau yam tsis muaj impurities.

Cim npe nrov: tetrabutylammonium bromide hmoov cas 1643-19-2, lwm tus neeg, manufacturers, hoobkas, lag luam wholesale, yuav, nqe, tej, kev muag khoom