Hydroquinone hmoov, tseem hu ua hydroquinone, yog cov organic compound tsim los ntawm cov chaw hloov ntawm ob para hydrogens ntawm benzene nrog hydroxyl pawg. Nws cov mis mis yog c6h6o2. Nws yog ib qho koob dawb zoo li cov siv lead ua uas hloov xim rau thaum lub teeb thiab muaj ntxhiab tsw tshwj xeeb. Yooj yim rau yaj hauv dej kub, soluble hauv dej txias, ethanol, thiab ether, me ntsis soluble hauv benzene. Mas siv rau kev tsim cov xim dub thiab dawb, anrathraquinone dyes, roj hmab tiv thaiv cov neeg sawv cev, cov roj hmab, thiab cov tshuaj tua kab mob antioxidants. Siv los ua tus tsim tawm duab. Hydroquinone thiab nws alkylates tau siv dav ua polymerization inibitors hauv cov txheej txheem monomer cia thiab tsheb thauj khoom, nrog cov kev siv tsheb thauj khoom ntau ntxiv rau li 200pprm. Hauv kev ua teb kev ua tiav, ntxiv cov dej cua sov thiab cua sov uas muaj cua sov-lub voj sov thiab cua txias zog tuaj yeem muaj cov hlau corrosion insibition rau ntawm cov hlau ntawm cov dej sab. Hydroquinone yog siv los ua deoxidizer rau dej boiler. Nws yog ntxiv rau cov dej deoxidized boiler kom tshem tawm cov pa oxygen. Kev txiav txim siab phosphorus, magnesium, niobium, tooj liab, silicon, thiab arsenic los ntawm photometry. Kev txiav txim siab ntawm iridium los ntawm polarography thiab volumetric txoj kev. Beductive cov neeg sawv cev rau Heteropolyacids thiab tooj liab thiab kub.
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Tshuaj Cov Qauv |
C6H6O2 |
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Muaj pes tsawg leej |
110 |
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Molecular hnyav |
110 |
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m/z |
110 (100.0%), 111 (6.5%) |
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Kev Ntsuam Xyuas |
C, 65.45; H, 5.49; O, 29.06 |
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Hydroquinone hmoov, tseem hu ua hydroquinone, yog cov organic compound tsim los ntawm hloov ob para hydrogens ntawm benzene nrog hydroxyl pawg. Nws cov mis nyuj yog c6h6o2 thiab nws zoo li hmoov dawb crystalline. Raws li cov tshuaj lom neeg ntau heev, hydroquinone muaj ntau yam kev tiv thaiv hauv ntau yam tshuaj engineering, thiab ib puag ncig kev lag luam rau cov kev lag luam zoo ib txwm muaj rau cov kev lag luam qib high-tech.
Tus Tsim Duab Duab
1. Mechanism ntawm Kev Ua
Hydroquinone yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov dub thiab dawb tsim tawm, thiab nws txoj kev txhim kho yog raws li kev txo. Hauv kev daws teeb meem alkaline, hydroquinone yog siv los ua kev txhim kho kom txo cov nyiaj rov qab (xws li cov nyiaj bromide) tsim tawm thaum lub sijhawm ua duab ntawm nws yog xim hlau. Cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem tswj qhov ceev thiab sib piv ntawm cov duab, thiab yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm cov duab ua yeeb yaj kiab thiab cov ntawv kev tsim qauv.
2. Kev ua haujlwm zoo
Cov duab zoo: tus nqi txo qis ntawm hydroquinone yog ib nrab, thiab ib zaug ua kom muaj kev nce qib sai, uas haum rau kev txhim kho cov duab siab sib piv.
Kev ruaj khov: hauv qab cov xwm txheej thiab cov xwm txheej tsaus, tus tsim tawm hydroquinone tuaj yeem khaws cia rau lub sijhawm ntev, thiab nws txoj kev ruaj khov yog qhov zoo dua li lwm cov neeg tsim khoom.
3. Kev Ua Lag Luam
Txawm hais tias muaj koob meej ntawm cov duab digital, hydroquinone tseem muaj cov duab yeeb yaj kiab tshwj xeeb (xws li kev kho mob X-kev kho duab, thiab kev kho dua tshiab.
Roj Hmab thiab Kev Lag Luam Yas
1. Antioxidants thiab stabilizers
Roj Hmab Tiv Thaiv Cov Laus: Hydroquinone tuaj yeem ua tau zoo rau cov roj hmab oxidative thiab ncua kev laus cov log tsheb (xws li cov log tsheb thiab ntsaws ruaj ruaj. Cov kev sim tau qhia tias qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj ntxiv ua rau cov roj hmab ua kom muaj zog dua ntawm lub zog tensile ntau dua 20% hauv cov kev xeem laus nrawm.
Kev Ua Yas Ua: Ua ntej ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv polymerization, hydroquinone koom nrog synthesis cov ntaub ntawv hnyav xws li polyester thiab polyester thiab polyester. Piv txwv li, hauv polyester ntau lawm, hydroquinone tuaj yeem tswj cov qib polymerization, txhim kho cov khoom siv hluav taws kub thiab cov khoom siv tshuab.
Cov Ntawv Thov Cov Ntaub Ntawv Tshwj Xeeb
Cov khoom siv roj hmab hauv Jiangsu xeev siv cov khoom siv hydroquinone yog cov khoom siv p-phenylenediamine Tus txheej txheem no tau ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kwv yees li ntawm 61.92% los ntawm kev ua kom zoo:}}}}}}}}. 7022), yooj yim rau cov txheej txheem ntau lawm.
Cov Ntaub Ntawv Ua Lag Luam
Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb kev noj ntawm hydroquinone nyob rau hauv 2023, ROJ RAWS LI CAS RAU 312 lab rau kev ua lag luam loj
DYES THIAB POSMENTS RAUG
Qib Nruab Nrab
Hydroquinone yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv nruab nrab rau anthraquinone dyes thiab azo dyes. Piv txwv li:
Aniline Dye: synthesized los ntawm nitration thiab txo cov kev cuam tshuam, muab cov pab cuam tshuam txog hydroxyl ntawm hydroxylasone, muab qhov zas xim qaim thiab ruaj khov.
Cov xim phthalocyanine: Hydroquinone koom nrog kev tsim ntawm cov phthalocyanine ib ncig thiab cov xim ntsuab, siv dav hauv cov ntawv luam ntawv thiab cov kua zaub.
Thev naus laus zis zoo
Qhov kev ceev ntawm hydroquinone ua kom nws yooj yim koom tes nrog ntau kauj ruam synthesis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj mob me (tuaj yeem nqa ntawm chav tsev kub thiab siab), txo cov nqi ntau lawm.
Tshuaj thiab Tshuaj pleev ib ce
Antifungal cov neeg sawv cev
Mechanism ntawm kev ua: Hydroquinone ua tiav cov antifungal cuam tshuam los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm Fungal ntawm Fungal ntawm Fungranes, cuam tshuam Mricbrane kev ntseeg siab.
Cov ntaub ntawv thov kho mob: Feem ntau yog siv rau kev kho tinea manus, tinea pedis, Tina corporis, thiab candidal vaginitis. Sab nraud npaj (xws li hydroquinone cream) tuaj yeem ua ncaj qha rau ntawm lub vev xaib kom zam dhau kev phiv los ntawm kev noj tshuaj.
Anti mob ntshav thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob antioxidant
Anti Incoquining effect: Hydroquinone tuaj yeem inhibit tuaj yeem inhibit tuaj yeem inhibit synthesis ntawm incostaglandins (xws li prostaglandins (xws li prostaglandins) thiab txo cov tsos mob tshwm sim xws li mob caj dab thiab mob caj dab thiab txoj kev mob caj dab.
Antioxidrant nyhuv: tshem tawm dawb radicals thiab ncua kev laus tawv nqaij. Kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov tshuaj pleev ib ce muaj cov tshuaj hydroquinone tuaj yeem txo UV ntxias lipid peroxidation kev phiv tshuaj.
Tshuaj dawb
Kev ntxuav hniav dawb: Inhibits tyrosinase kev ua si thiab txo melanin ntau lawm.
Kev nyab xeeb kev nyab xeeb: Hydroquinone tau raug cais ua pawg 3 carcinogen los ntawm cov carcinogenicity rau tib neeg), thiab kev siv tsheb ntev yuav ua rau muaj mob tawv nqaij thiab exogenous xim av tus kab mob. Qee lub tebchaws tau txwv nws siv raws li cov tshuaj pleev ib ce.
Dej Kho thiab Hlau Corrosion Inhibition
Tus inhitor
Nyob rau hauv lub kaw-voj txias system, hydroquinone tuaj yeem tsim zaj duab xis tiv nrog cov hlau saum npoo los tiv thaiv corrosion. Cov kev sim tau qhia tias ntxiv 200ppm hydroquinone tuaj yeem txo cov roj corrosion corrosion ntawm cov hlau hlau los ntawm 60%.
Boiler Dej Deagidizer
Thaum lub sij hawm preheating thiab deoxyenation txheej txheem ntawm boiler dej, hydroquinone reacts nrog yaj oxygen los tsim cov teb ruaj khov, tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv oxygen. Nws deoxyenation efficiency yog superior rau ib txwm sodium sulfite, thiab nws tsis muaj tshuaj lom.
Tshuaj ntsuam xyuas tshuaj thiab ib puag ncig cov ntawv thov
Kev tshawb nrhiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv
Hydroquinone siv rau cov phosphorus ntawm phosphorus, magnesium, niobium thiab lwm cov ntsiab lus, nrog rau kev txiav txim siab polarographic thiab Volumetric txiav txim siab ntawm Iridium. Nws txoj kev nrawm ua rau nws siv cov reagent rau heteropolyacid tsom xam.
Kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig kev tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv thov
2, {{5- di-ter-butyl-hydroquinone (xws li antioxidant siv rau cov roj ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig (xws li cov roj muaj txiaj ntsig
Nthuav mus rau hauv cov teb tawm
Ua Si Ua Kua Polymer Polymer
Hydroquinone hmoov, raws li monomer, koom nrog synthesis ntawm cov synthesis ntawm cov khoom siv leadoelectronic thiab yog siv rau cov khoom siv high-end zaub.
Cog ntau lawm txhawb nqa
Kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov khoom siv hydroquinone muaj peev xwm tswj cov cog qoob loo loj hlob thiab txhim kho kev ntxhov siab tiv thaiv. Piv txwv li, hauv paj qoob loo, hydroquinone kev kho tau tuaj yeem ua ntej lub paj los ntawm {{}} hnub.
1 cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj:
1.1 Reppe Street:
Reppe txoj kev yog txoj kev npaj ntxov, thiab cov txheej txheem kev tawm tsam yog kwv yees li nram no, nyob rau hauv ru thiab rh catalalts. At 100-300 degree and 100-350 MPa, acetylene reacts with carbon monoxide to produce 1,4-dihydroxybenzene. Cov txheej txheem yooj yim, tab sis cov catalyst tseem yuav kim thiab nyuaj rau rov qab tau.
1.2 txoj kev aniline oxidation:
Aniline Oxidation yog ib qho txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg synthesis, uas muaj keeb kwm ntawm ze li 80 xyoo. Tam sim no, qee qhov chaw tsim khoom hauv Suav teb tseem siv cov txheej txheem no los tsim 1, 4-}} dihydrzybenzene. Cov txheej txheem kev tawm tsam ntawm hom no yog raws li hauv qab no: Kauj Ruam 1. Hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm p-benzoquinone los ntawm manganese dichxide lossis sodium dichromate; Kauj Ruam 2, muab p-benzoquinone nyob rau hauv acidic tej yam kev mob. Nws yog txo rau 1, 4-} dihydrzybenzene nrog cov hmoov hlau; Kauj ruam 3. Cov khoom tiav tau txais los ntawm kev lim dej, crystallization thiab decolorization. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj raws li nram no:
Txoj kev paub tab, yooj yim los tswj, thiab nws yog qhov kev rov qab muaj kuab paug, thiab cov khoom siv tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, thiab cov cuab yeej siv ntau lawm.
1.4 phenol thiab acetone txoj kev:
Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm ntawm 1, {1}}}}}}} (bishydroric ntawm hydrochloric acid, Pheeping Refeunded los tsim Bisphenol a; Kauj Ruam 2: Bisphenol A yog decomposed rau hauv phenol thiab p-isopropylphenol nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim ntawm kev ua haujlwm yooj yim; Kauj ruam 3: P-Isopropyylphenol yog oxidized rau 1, 4- Dihydrzybenzene thiab acetone.
1.5 Benzene thiab Propylene Qauv:
Cov txheej txheem yog kwv yees li nram no: Benzene yog alkylated nrog propylene los tsim p-cumene thiab m-cumene. P-cumene tau sib cais thiab oxidized rau diisoprandylzene oxide, uas yog catalytic decomposed rau hauv 1, {}}} i}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}} i}}} {.
2. Kev tu thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig:
Nrog kev txhim kho ntawm kev lag luam. Qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig kuj tau nce siab dua thiab siab dua. Tus txheej txheem ib puag ncig zoo ib puag ncig sib tw cov txheej txheem zoo nkauj thiab maj mam txav ntawm kev loj hlob paub tab.
2.1 Phenol Hydroxylation - hydrogen peroxide hysebylation:
Txoj cai tau tsim los ntawm xyoo 1970 thiab tam sim no muaj kev lag luam. Cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv yog raws li hauv qab no: nyob rau hauv muaj catalyst, phenol reacts nrog hydrogen peroxide los tsim 1, {{}} dihydrzybenzene; Crude 1, {4-}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}} Thaum kawg, 1, {{4-} Dihydrzybenzene yog tau los ntawm kev sib nrauj, decolorization thiab recrystallization. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj raws li nram no:
2.2 phenolHydroquinone hmoovTxoj kev - Peroxy acid, peroxy ketone oxidation txoj kev:
Hom qauv no, tseem hu ua UBE txoj kev, yuav siv daim ntawv thov kev vam meej ntawm El Ben ueb lub tuam txhab ua thawj tus piv txwv. Cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv yog raws li hauv qab no: sulfuric acid, muaj qee tus nqi ntawm cov khoom lag luam hydrogenynzes thiab thaum kawg cov khoom yog tau txais los ntawm kev sib cais thiab kev ua kom huv. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj raws li nram no:
Hydroquinone lotion:
Hydroquinone yog oxidized los ntawm aniline rau p-benzoquinone, thiab tom qab ntawd txo cov xim tsis muaj kob lossis dawb siv lead ua hmoov. Hydroquinone yog ib qho tshuaj decolorization hauv hydolorization, uas tuaj yeem kho cov kab mob xim xim. Hydroquinone muaj curative nyhuv, tab sis nws ruaj ruaj yog tsis zoo. Lub Hydroquinone lotion tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub Peb Hlis 1999, uas tau dhau qhov tsis zoo uas hydroquinone cream nyuaj rau kev saib xyuas ntawm chloAmasma tau pom.
Cov ntaub ntawv kuaj mob:
56 Cov neeg mob nrog melasma, suav nrog 9 tus txiv neej thiab 47 tus pojniam, tau ua tiav cov ntaub ntawv; Lub hnub nyoog nruab nrab yog 28 xyoo, txij li 21 txog 47 xyoo; Cov chav kawm yog 2 lub lis piam mus rau 10 xyoo, nrog qhov nruab nrab ntawm 45 xyoos. Txhua tus ntawm lawv yog sab nrauv ntawm Dermatology Department. Lawv tau muab faib ua pawg kho mob los ua pab pawg (30 tus neeg) thiab pawg tswjfwm (26 tus neeg). Tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm ob pawg.
Cim npe nrov: Hydroquinone Hmoov Cas 123-31-9, cov chaw muag khoom, chaw tsim khoom, Hoobkas, lag luam, yuav, nqe, loj, rau muag