Yttrium hmoov CAS 7440-65-5

Yttrium hmoov, grey dub hlau nrog cov cim tshuaj y, yog thawj lub ntiaj teb cov hlau tsis tshua pom pom. CAS 7440-65-5, Molecular mis Y muaj ductility, tuaj yeem hnov ​​​​mob nrog dej kub, yooj yim soluble hauv dilute acid, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau hauv cov iav tshwj xeeb thiab alloys. Lub purity ntawm yttrium ua nyob rau hauv kev lag luam feem ntau tsis tsawg tshaj li 93.4%, thiab nws lub ntsiab impurities yog lwm yam tsawg lub ntiaj teb cov ntsiab lus, nrog rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm 3.8%, nrog rau 1.6% calcium; Hlau 0.05%; tooj liab 0.1%; Tantalum los yog tungsten 1%. Yttrium nrog purity tsis tsawg dua 99.8% kuj tuaj yeem tsim. Lub ntsiab impurities nyob rau hauv high-purity yttrium tseem tsis tshua muaj ntiaj teb ntsiab. Nws tsis ruaj tsis khov hauv huab cua, thiab nws cov hlau shavings tuaj yeem hlawv hauv huab cua siab dua 400 degree. Yttrium hlau ua yttrium nitride (YN) thaum rhuab mus rau 1000℃hauv nitrogen gas. Concentrated nitric acid thiab hydrofluoric acid tsis corrode yttrium sai, tab sis lwm cov acids muaj zog tuaj yeem corrode yttrium sai thiab tsim yttrium ntsev. Ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 200 degree, yttrium tuaj yeem tsim trihalides nrog ntau yam halogens, xws li yttrium trifluoride (YF3), yttrium trichloride (YCl3), thiab yttrium tribromide (YBr3). Cov pa roj carbon, phosphorus, selenium, silicon, thiab sulfur tuaj yeem tsim binary tebchaw nrog yttrium ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.

Yttrium hmoov, grey dub hlau nrog cov cim tshuaj y, yog thawj lub ntiaj teb cov hlau tsis tshua pom pom. CAS 7440-65-5, Molecular mis Y muaj ductility, tuaj yeem hnov ​​​​mob nrog dej kub, yooj yim soluble hauv dilute acid, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau hauv cov iav tshwj xeeb thiab alloys. Lub purity ntawm yttrium ua nyob rau hauv kev lag luam feem ntau tsis tsawg tshaj li 93.4%, thiab nws lub ntsiab impurities yog lwm yam tsawg lub ntiaj teb cov ntsiab lus, nrog rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm 3.8%, nrog rau 1.6% calcium; Hlau 0.05%; tooj liab 0.1%; Tantalum los yog tungsten 1%. Yttrium nrog purity tsis tsawg dua 99.8% kuj tuaj yeem tsim. Lub ntsiab impurities nyob rau hauv high-purity yttrium tseem tsis tshua muaj ntiaj teb ntsiab. Nws tsis ruaj tsis khov hauv huab cua, thiab nws cov hlau shavings tuaj yeem hlawv hauv huab cua siab dua 400 degree. Yttrium hlau ua yttrium nitride (YN) thaum rhuab mus rau 1000℃hauv nitrogen gas. Concentrated nitric acid thiab hydrofluoric acid tsis corrode yttrium sai, tab sis lwm cov acids muaj zog tuaj yeem corrode yttrium sai thiab tsim yttrium ntsev. Ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 200 degree, yttrium tuaj yeem tsim trihalides nrog ntau yam halogens, xws li yttrium trifluoride (YF3), yttrium trichloride (YCl3), thiab yttrium tribromide (YBr3). Cov pa roj carbon, phosphorus, selenium, silicon, thiab sulfur tuaj yeem tsim binary tebchaw nrog yttrium ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.

Yttrium yog lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj. Tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb hais txog scandium, yttrium thiab tag nrho cov ntsiab lus lanthanide. Vim tias lawv cov ntsiab lus tsis tshua muaj nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb crust, lawv cov oxides zoo ib yam li cov khoom ntawm haiv neeg xws li calcium oxide, yog li lawv muaj npe. Vim muaj kev faib tawm ntawm cov ntsiab lus tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb, lawv feem ntau tsis sib haum xeeb mineralization, thiab lawv cov khoom zoo sib xws, yog li nws nyuaj rau nrhiav, cais thiab txheeb xyuas lawv. Yttrium thiab cerium, lwm yam tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb, yog ob lub ntsiab lus nrog cov ntsiab lus loj hauv lub ntiaj teb, yog li lawv tau pom thawj zaug hauv lub ntiaj teb tsawg. Norway thiab Sweden ntawm Scandinavia nyob rau sab qaum teb Europe yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj minerals, yog li ob lub ntsiab lus tau pom thawj zaug hauv cheeb tsam no.

Yttrium hmoovyog ib tug mos, lustrous nyiaj dawb hloov pauv hlau teej tug mus rau pawg 3 ntawm lub sij hawm lub sij hawm thiab yog thawj lub caij nyob rau hauv lub D cheeb tsam ntawm lub thib tsib lub sij hawm. Crystal belongs rau hexagonal system. Blocked ntshiab yttrium tsim ib txheej tiv thaiv oxide (Y2O3) ntawm nws saum npoo ntawm huab cua, thiab cov txheej txheem "passivation" no ua rau nws ruaj khov. Thaum rhuab mus rau 750℃hauv chav, lub thickness ntawm txheej tiv thaiv tuaj yeem ncav cuag 10 microns. Yttrium tuaj yeem tsim cov fluorides tsis txaus ntseeg, hydroxides, thiab oxalates, nrog rau dej -soluble bromides, chlorides, iodides, nitrates, thiab sulfates. Raws li cov cuab yeej no, nws muaj cov ntawv thov hauv ntau qhov chaw.

1. Muaj

 

Yttrium muaj ntau hom kev lag luam. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua yttrium phosphor los tsim cov xim liab ntawm cov ntxaij vab tshaus hauv TV, thiab tseem siv tau los ua cov lim dej rau qee cov rays, superconductors, superalloys, thiab iav tshwj xeeb. Yttrium yog cua sov- tiv taus thiab corrosion- tiv taus, thiab tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv cladding rau roj nuclear. Yttrium tuaj yeem tsim cov chelates ruaj khov nrog ntau yam amino carboxylic acid ligands; Yttrium aluminium garnet muaj neodymium yog cov khoom siv laser zoo, yttrium hlau garnet yog cov khoom siv laser zoo, thiab yttrium hlau garnet thiab yttrium aluminium garnet yog cov khoom siv hlau nplaum tshiab.

 

Ntxiv ib qho me me ntawm yttrium (0.1% mus rau 0.2%) tuaj yeem txo cov qoob loo ntawm chromium, molybdenum, titanium, thiab zirconium, thiab txhim kho lawv cov khoom siv kho kom zoo hauv lub zog, plasticity, toughness, thiab lwm yam. [9] Ntxiv yttrium rau alloys kuj tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom siv dag zog ntawm txhuas thiab magnesium alloys, ua rau lawv tiv taus siab -kub recrystallization, txo qhov nyuaj ntawm kev ua cov txheej txheem, thiab zoo heev txhim kho lawv tsis kam mus rau siab -kub oxidation.

2. Kev kho mob

 

Yttrium 90 yog radioisotope, uas yog siv rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob xws li Edotriptide thiab Teimomab, thiab tuaj yeem kho cov qog ntshav qog ntshav, qog ntshav qog ntshav, qog nqaij hlav zes qe menyuam, mob qog noj ntshav, mob qog noj ntshav, mob qog noj ntshav, mob qog noj ntshav, thiab lwm yam. Cov tshuaj yuav txuas rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob monoclonal thiab khi rau cov qog nqaij hlav cancer, ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv DNA ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer los ntawm muaj zog beta hluav taws xob ntawm yttrium-90. Tom qab ib nrab lub neej ntawm cov hluav taws xob raug hluav taws xob, cov yam ntxwv cloning lom yuav tiv thaiv cov qog nqaij hlav DNA los ntawm kev txuas ntxiv mus sau thiab tsim tawm.

 

Feem ntau, nws raug suav hais tias yog kev kho mob zoo thiab yuav tsum muaj lub sijhawm soj ntsuam txog li 3-6 lub hlis. Txawm li cas los xij, Yttrium-90 tseem yog ib qho kev kho hluav taws xob hauv zos thiab tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau cov neeg mob uas tau kho, xws li mob siab tsis ua haujlwm.
Cov koob uas ua nrog yttrium-90 tuaj yeem ua tau zoo dua li kev txiav riam thiab tuaj yeem siv los txiav cov leeg mob hauv qaum qaum. Yttrium 90 kuj tseem siv tau rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm cov pob qij txha, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub hauv caug, rau kev kho mob rheumatoid mob caj dab.

3. Superconductor

 

Xyoo 1987, University of Alabama thiab University of Houston tau tsim yttrium barium tooj liab oxide (YBa2Cu3O7, tseem hu ua YBCO lossis 1-2-3) superconductors. Nws tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub ntawm 93 K, uas siab tshaj qhov kub ntawm cov kua nitrogen (77.1 K). Lwm cov superconductors yuav tsum siv cov kua helium kim dua kom txias, yog li qhov kev tshawb pom no tuaj yeem txo cov nqi.
Kev tsim kho ntawm Tuam Tshoj thib ob - tiam yttrium raws siab -kub superconducting cable project tau pib nyob rau hauv Tianjin, thiab kev txhim kho ntawm ib hom tshiab ntawm yttrium silicate Lu siv lead ua tau ua tiav; Qhov tseem ceeb tau ua tiav hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm neodymium doped lanthanum yttrium oxide laser pob tshab ceramics.

Discovery keeb kwm: nyob rau hauv 1787, Karl Arrhenius ntsib ib tug txawv txawv pob zeb dub nyob rau hauv ib tug qub chaw txua txiag zeb nyob rau hauv ytterby, nyob ze Stockholm (Sweden). Nws xav tias nws tau pom ib qho tungsten ore tshiab, thiab tom qab ntawd muab tus qauv rau Johan gadolin, uas nyob hauv Finland. Nyob rau hauv 1794, gadolin tshaj tawm tias nws muaj ib tug tshiab "av", uas tsim 38% ntawm nws qhov hnyav. Nws yog hu ua "Lub Ntiaj Teb" vim nws yog yttrium oxide, Y2O3, uas tsis tuaj yeem txo qis ntxiv tom qab cua sov nrog charcoal.

Cov hlau no nws tus kheej tau tsim los ntawm Friedrich w ö hler hauv xyoo 1828 los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm yttrium chloride nrog potassium. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj lwm cov ntsiab lus zais hauv yttrium.

Xyoo 1843, Carl mosander tau kawm yttrium oxide ntau dua thiab pom tias nws muaj peb oxides: yttrium oxide, uas yog dawb; Terbium oxide, daj; Thiab erbium oxide, uas yog sawv liab.

Kev nplua nuj ntawmyttrium hmoovnyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb lub crust yog hais txog 31 feem ntawm ib lab, nyob rau hauv qeb duas 28th ntawm tag nrho cov ntsiab lus thiab 400 lub sij hawm siab tshaj cov nyiaj. Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab lus tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb, feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv siliceous beryllium yttrium ore, dub tsis tshua muaj ntiaj teb ore, thiab phosphorite, nrog rau hauv monazite thiab fluorocarbon pov tseg ore, tab sis nws yeej tsis tshwm sim li ib lub caij. Yttrium tseem muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nuclear, thiab tag nrho cov yttrium pom nyob rau hauv qhov yog qhov ruaj khov isotope yttrium-89. Feem ntau faib rau hauv cov tebchaws xws li Tuam Tshoj, Tebchaws Meskas, Australia, Is Nrias teb, Malaysia, thiab Brazil, nrog ntau dua 40% concentrated hauv Suav teb.
Yttrium tsis tau paub txog kev siv tshuaj lom neeg, tab sis nws muaj nyob rau hauv me me hauv yuav luag tag nrho cov kab mob nyob. Yttrium feem ntau accumulates hauv daim siab, ob lub raum, spleen, ntsws, thiab pob txha. Muaj li ntawm 0.5 milligrams ntawm yttrium nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev. Hauv cov nroj tsuag noj tau, cov ntsiab lus ntawm yttrium yog li ntawm 20 mus rau 100 qhov chaw ntawm ib lab (qhov hnyav tshiab), nrog rau cov zaub qhwv muaj cov ntsiab lus siab tshaj plaws. Cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv woody cog noob yog 700 feem ntawm ib lab, uas yog lub siab tshaj plaws paub cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag.

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