Afoxolaner Thiab Milbemycin Oxime tiv thaiv cov kab mob uas tsis muaj zog

Parasite kuj ua rau ib qho teeb meem loj tshaj plaws hauv cov kws kho tsiaj niaj hnub no. Raws li cov tshuaj deworming ib txwm ua tsis tau zoo tiv thaiv cov kab mob sib kis, cov kws kho tsiaj thiab cov tswv tsiaj tau hloov mus rau cov kev daws teeb meem tshiab.Afoxolaner thiab milbemycin oxime chewable ntsiav tshuajsawv cev rau txoj kev tshawb fawb txog kev tswj hwm cov kab mob resistant nyob rau hauv dev, combining dual mechanisms ntawm kev txiav txim uas tsom ntau yam kab mob tsis zoo ib txhij.

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm resistant fleas, zuam, thiab cov kab mob kab mob tau tsim kev xav tau sai rau cov tshuaj daws teeb meem uas ua haujlwm los ntawm txoj hauv kev tshiab. Cov lus qhia dav dav no tshawb txog seb cov khoom xyaw nquag no daws cov kab mob sib kis nyuaj li cas thiab vim li cas lawv cov kev sib xyaw ua ke muaj qhov zoo sib xws hauv cov txheej txheem tswj kab mob niaj hnub no.

Thaum cov txheej txheem kev kho mob siv ntau dhau, cov kab mob resistant tshwm sim. Qhov no cia cov neeg uas muaj kev hloov caj ces uas tiv thaiv lawv nyob. Cov ciaj sia no muaj menyuam yaus, ua rau nws nyuaj thiab nyuaj kom tshem tawm tag nrho pawg. Siv afoxolaner thiab milbemycin oxime chewable ntsiav tshuaj ua ke daws qhov teeb meem no los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib txhawb thiab ua rau nws tsis tshua muaj kev tiv thaiv.

Nkag siab txog kev txhim kho kev tiv thaiv nyob rau sab nraud Parasites

Cov kab mob sab nraud xws li hma thiab zuam yog qhov zoo heev ntawm kev mus ncig cov tshuaj lom neeg. Cov neeg uas tau raug organophosphates, pyrethroids, thiab carbamates tau ntev tau tsim txoj hauv kev biochemical uas tuaj yeem tshem tau cov tshuaj no. Afoxolaner ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev tsom mus rau gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-gated chloride channels nyob rau hauv lub paj hlwb ntawm arthropods. Qhov no isoxazoline molecule khi rau cov channel no muaj zog heev nyob rau hauv invertebrates tab sis tsis nyob rau hauv tib neeg, teem tawm uncontrolled neural excitation nyob rau hauv cov cab uas nws lub hom phiaj.

Cov neeg fleas uas tiv taus cov tshuaj tua kab laus tseem tuaj yeem raug tua los ntawm afoxolaner vim nws lub hom phiaj sib txawv molecular. Cov tshuaj nres qhov ntws ntawm chloride ions nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas lwm cov chav kawm tshuaj 'tiv thaiv mechanisms tsis tiv thaiv. Cov kev tshawb fawb hauv thaj teb tau pom tias fipronil thiab permethrin-raws li cov khoom lag luam ib txwm tua cov neeg fleas uas tsis tshua raug rau lawv ua ntej.

Internal Parasite Resistance thiab Macrocyclic Lactone Alternatives

Heartworms thiab gastrointestinal nematodes muaj ob qho tib si ua rau cov kab mob anthelmintics. Hauv qee qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb, cov kab mob hookworms thiab roundworms tau dhau los ua qhov tsis zoo rau benzothiazole. Milbemycin oxime yog ib qho macrocyclic lactone uas tsom rau glutamate-gated chloride channels hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab cov leeg hlwb. Qhov no txawv ntawm benzimidazole binding qhov chaw ntawm tubulin proteins uas nws kuj lub hom phiaj.

Cov kab mob uas tau kawm yuav ua li cas tshem tawm lossis rhuav tshem cov tshuaj benzimidazole tau raug tua los ntawm milbemycin hauv cov qauv no. Cov tshuaj ua rau cov kab mob parasite neuromuscular hlwb dhau los ua kom muaj zog, uas ua rau tuag tes tuag taw thiab tua cov kab mob los ntawm cov txheej txheem uas ua haujlwm txawm tias cov cab tau kawm los tawm tsam lwm hom tshuaj. Milbemycin A3 thiab A4 yog sib xyaw rau hauv ib txoj kev uas ua rau cov sib tov zoo tshaj plaws tiv thaiv ntau hom kab mob.

Dual-Txoj Kev Taug Kev Ua Haujlwm txo qis kev xaiv qhov siab

Thaum cov kab mob kis tau rau ob yam tshuaj tib lub sijhawm uas ua haujlwm sib txawv, lawv tsis tshua muaj peev xwm tiv taus. Nws tsis zoo li tus kab mob cab yuav muaj kev hloov pauv uas tiv thaiv nws los ntawm ob qho tib si GABA-channel inhibitors thiab glutamate- channel activators tib lub sijhawm. Qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke no tau ua haujlwm zoo rau kev tswj hwm kev tiv thaiv hauv ntau hom kev siv tshuaj, los ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob mus rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob.

Kev tsim cov formulation ua kom paub tseeb tias ob qho tib si cov khoom xyaw nquag mus txog ob qho tib si sab nraud thiab sab hauv cov kab mob thaum lub sijhawm kho mob. Qhov no muaj tseeb txawm tias afoxolaner lub hom phiaj ectoparasites thiab milbemycin lub hom phiaj endoparasites. Cov kws tshawb fawb hu qhov no "kev tua tsis tau," uas txhais tau hais tias cov kab mob cab yuav tsum tau nrog ntau dua ib qho kev hem thawj ntawm tib lub sijhawm kom muaj sia nyob.

Paub tias cov khoom xyaw nquag no ua haujlwm li cas ntawm qib molecular pab piav qhia vim li cas lawv ua haujlwm zoo ua ke los tua cov kab mob resistant. Txhua yam tshuaj siv qhov zoo ntawm qhov tsis muaj zog hauv cov txheej txheem cab uas txawv ntawm cov tsiaj hauv tsiaj.

Afoxolaner's Neurological Disruption hauv Arthropods

Afoxolaner nyiam txwv GABA-gated chloride channels, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau arthropod paj hlwb inhibitory neurotransmission. Ib txwm GABA khi rau nws cov receptor xa cov tshuaj chloride ions mus rau hauv cov neurons txhawm rau txhawm rau ua kom cov neuron. Cov txheej txheem no yog nres los ntawm afoxolaner khi rau cov channel thiab thaiv cov chloride ion ntws.

Kev tua cov hlab ntsha ntau dhau ua rau cov kab mob ua kom muaj zog, txav mus los tsis muaj zog, ua rau tuag tes tuag taw, thiab tuag. Cov tshuaj yog xaiv heev, khi rau arthropod GABA receptors 30 npaug zog dua tib neeg receptors. Txhua tus dev yug thiab hnub nyoog muaj kev nyab xeeb zoo vim qhov kev xaiv qhov profile.

Kev ntsuam xyuas Pharmacokinetic qhia tau hais tias afoxolaner nce mus txog qib ntshav siab hauv ob mus rau plaub teev ntawm kev tswj qhov ncauj. Ib ob -lub lim tiam ib nrab- lub neej kuj zoo ib yam. Qhov no ntev - cov ntaub so ntswg ruaj khov ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv siab txaus los rhuav tshem cov kab mob tshiab uas tau txais los ntawm kev noj txhua hli. Qhov no ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv ntev -.

Milbemycin Oxime's Paralytic Effects on Internal Parasites

Milbemycin oxime qhib glutamate{0}}gated chloride channels hauv nematode paj hlwb thiab cov leeg hlwb. Glutamate channels yog concentrated nyob rau hauv invertebrate central paj hlwb, tsis zoo li GABA raws. Milbemycin khi rau cov kab no thiab ua kom cov chloride ion txaus. Qhov no tsub lub cell membrane favourably.

Nws tiv thaiv cov kab mob parasite neurons thiab cov leeg nqaij los ntawm kev teb rau cov kev xav zoo li qub. Cov kab mob tuag tes tuag taw los ntawm qhov mob no tsis tuaj yeem nyob hauv lawv lub plab zom mov lossis cov hlab ntshav. Thaum cov kab mob tuag tes tuag taw, tus tswv tsev tua lawv lossis kis lawv nrog quav.

Milbemycin A3 (20%) thiab A4 (80%) ua cov compound. Txhua tus muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis pharmacokinetics. A3 muaj ib nrab ntawm - lub neej ntawm 1.6 hnub thiab nce siab hauv ib mus rau ob teev. A4 absorbs zoo ib yam tab sis muaj 3.3-hnub ib nrab-lub neej. Qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke no ua kom cov tshuaj ua haujlwm sai thiab tiv thaiv ntev tom qab noj tshuaj.

Molecular Selectivity thiab Kev Saib Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb

Cov khoom xyaw nquag tau zoo heev ntawm kev xaiv cov kab mob parasites raws li lub hom phiaj ntawm cov kab mob mammalian:afoxolaner thiab milbemycin oxime chewable ntsiav tshuaj. Hauv cov dev, cov ntshav- lub hlwb thaiv ua rau milbemycin oxime tawm ntawm lub hauv paus paj hlwb, yog li nws tsis tuaj yeem koom nrog glutamate receptors hauv cov tsiaj.

Hauv kev siv tshuaj kho mob, qhov kev xaiv molecular no txhais tau hais tias muaj kev nyab xeeb loj. Kev kuaj tshuaj toxicology ua tiav thaum cov tshuaj tau tsim tawm pom tias lawv muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm koob tshuaj ntau dua li qhov pom zoo rau kev siv tshuaj. Cov mis no tau raug sim rau cov menyuam dev, cov dev cev xeeb tub, thiab cov poj niam laus hauv qhov chaw tshawb fawb tswj, uas tau teeb tsa txoj cai siv rau ntau hom dev.

Kev tswj hwm kev sib koom ua ke uas siv ntau tshaj ib lub tswv yim tswj tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov kws kho tsiaj niaj hnub no. Lub tswv yim no tau qhia los ntawm ob qho - cov khoom sib xyaw, uas muab cov kws kho mob ib qho tshuaj uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog ntau yam kab mob parasite tib lub sijhawm.

Kev Pabcuam Kev Pabcuam thoob plaws Parasite Life Stages

Cov kab mob sab nraud, zoo li dev mub, yog ib qho nyuaj rau kev tshem tawm vim tias lawv muaj ob theem neeg laus uas nyob ntawm lawv cov tswv thiab cov theem pib uas nyob ib puag ncig. Cov neeg laus fleas ntawm tus dev raug tua sai sai los ntawm afoxolaner ua ntej lawv tuaj yeem tso qe. Qhov kev tua ntawm cov neeg laus no nres lub voj voog kev sib deev, yog li ib puag ncig tsis kis kab mob nrog cov qe uas yuav ua rau cov tiam tshiab.

Yuav ua li cas yoov tshaj cum raug tua yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau kev tswj tsis kam. Tsis pub dhau ob peb teev ntawm kev noj, hma raug tua los ntawm afoxolaner thiab milbemycin oxime chewable ntsiav tshuaj, ntev ua ntej lawv tuaj yeem noj cov ntshav thiab pib tso qe. Vim tias cov kab mob no tuag sai heev, lawv cov caj ces tsis tuaj yeem kis mus rau lawv cov xeeb ntxwv, uas feem ntau nyiam cov neeg tiv taus.

Tiv thaiv kab mob Heartworm nyob rau hauv Endemic Regions

Hmoov tsis zoo, yoov tshaj cum hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb kis tus kab mob plawv, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus. Dirofilaria immitis, tus kab mob uas ua rau mob plawv, tuaj yeem nres ib hlis ib zaug nrog milbemycin oxime. Cov tshuaj tau tshem tawm ntawm L3 thiab L4 theem ntawm cov larvae ua ntej lawv loj hlob thiab dhau los ua cov neeg laus cov kab mob uas nyob hauv lub plawv thiab lub ntsws.

Thaum muab ib lub hlis ib zaug, nws tsim lub qhov rais tiv thaiv uas ntes cov larvae hloov tshiab ua ntej lawv loj hlob mus rau theem uas kev kho mob nyuaj dua. Txoj kev tiv thaiv no tau siv rau ntau xyoo lawm thiab tau ua tiav vim tias nws tua cov kab mob me me tsis yog cov kab mob laus. Qhov no ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev tiv thaiv kev loj hlob. Cov kev tshawb fawb thaj chaw nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas muaj kab mob plawv tau pom tias tib neeg tseem muaj kev cuam tshuam rau macrocyclic lactones thaum lawv siv raws li qhia hauv cov phiaj xwm tiv thaiv txhua hli.

Hais txog Co-Cov kab mob uas nyuaj rau kev kho mob

Polyparasitism yog lo lus rau qhov tseeb tias dev feem ntau muaj ntau tshaj ib hom kab mob parasite tib lub sijhawm. Co- kis kab mob ua rau muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv hnyav dua thiab ua rau cov phiaj xwm kho mob nyuaj dua. Ib tus dev tuaj yeem muaj dev mub uas nqa cov kab mob Dipylidium caninum, cov zuam uas nqa cov kab mob anaplasma, thiab cov kab mob plab hnyuv uas nws tau txais los ntawm ib puag ncig.

Vim tias qhov sib xyaw ua ke no ua haujlwm ntawm ntau yam kab mob, nws tsuas yog yuav tsum tau ua ib hlis ib zaug. Afoxolaner tua hma thiab zuam uas kis kab mob, thaiv lawv txoj kev. Nematodes xws li roundworms, hookworms, thiab whipworms tuaj yeem tua los ntawm milbemycin oxime. Qhov no tag nrho - ib puag ncig kev pabcuam ua rau kev ua raws cai yooj yim dua los ntawm kev txiav cov khoom sib txawv uas cov tswv xav tau los tswj.

Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev uas ob cov tshuaj no ua haujlwm ua ke dua li tsuas yog ntxiv lawv ua ke. Lawv cov kws tshuaj ua ke ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tswj hwm kev tiv thaiv thiab tswj cov kab mob feem ntau.

Pharmacokinetic Complementarity Ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv ruaj khov

Vim afoxolaner thiab milbemycin muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov nqus thiab tshem tawm, lawv tsim cov qhov rais tiv thaiv uas sib tshooj. Afoxolaner muaj ib nrab ntev - lub neej ntawm li ob lub lis piam, uas txhais tau hais tias cov ntshav plasma nyob twj ywm siab thaum lub sij hawm noj txhua hli. Milbemycin A4 muaj ib nrab ntawm - lub neej ntawm 3.3 hnub, uas txhais tau hais tias nws tseem tua cov qe qe tshiab rau lub lis piam tom qab muab.

Qhov kev tsim tshuaj pharmacokinetic no khaws kev tiv thaiv los ntawm qhov khoob uas tuaj yeem cia cov cab cab tuav. Vim tias cov nyiaj afoxolaner nyob saum cov qib kho mob rau tag nrho lub hli, dev yeej ib txwm muaj kev nyab xeeb los ntawm cov kab mob yoov thiab zuam. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhua tus kab mob plawv uas kis tau los ntawm yoov tshaj cum yuav raug tua los ntawm cov qib siab ntawm milbemycin, txawm tias thaum twg kev sib kis tshwm sim hauv lub voj voog noj.

Txo Environmental Parasite Burdens Los ntawm Kev Tiv Thaiv Pej Xeem

Ntxiv nrog rau kev tiv thaiv ib tus tsiaj, kev siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob zoo ntawm cov nplai loj txo qis tag nrho cov kab mob cab hauv thaj chaw kho mob. Tsawg dua cov qe qe nkag mus rau hauv tsev thiab mev thaum cov dev mub raug tua sai ua ntej lawv tuaj yeem tso qe. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov pej xeem qib tau muaj zog, ua rau thaj chaw huv huv thiab tsis txaus siab rau cov kab tsuag.

Kev ua lej ntawm kev hloov pauv cov kab mob pes tsawg lub sijhawm qhia tau hais tias kev ua raws li kev kho mob siab thiab tua ceev ceev tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov kab mob hauv zos. Kev tshem tawm tag nrho tsis tshwm sim ntau zaus, tab sis thaum tus kab mob parasites hauv ib cheeb tsam poob qis, kev kho mob yuav tsum tau tsawg dua, thiab cov neeg tiv taus muaj feem yuav muaj sia nyob.

Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj kho mob txhawb kev tswj kev tiv thaiv

Cov kws tshawb fawb hauv ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm lub ntiaj teb tau qhia tiasafoxolaner thiab milbemycin oxime chewable ntsiav tshuajtxuas ntxiv ua haujlwm tawm tsam cov kab mob parasite uas paub tias tiv taus lwm yam tshuaj. Veterinary chaw ua haujlwm uas hais tias cov laus tiam kev kho mob fleas tsis ua haujlwm zoo li lawv tau siv los tswj tau zoo dua thaum lawv hloov mus rau isoxazoline-raws li formulations.

Cov kev sim tshuaj ntsuam xyuas uas siv cov kab mob resistant kuj tau pom tias tus tswv tsev tseem raug mob. Tau ntau tiam neeg, cov neeg fleas uas tau xaiv los tiv thaiv pyrethroids tsis pom muaj tus ntoo khaub lig- tiv thaiv afoxolaner. Nematode isolates uas tsis rhiab rau benzimidazole tseem rhiab heev rau milbemycin oxime. Cov txiaj ntsig no txhawb lub tswv yim tias cov tshuaj nrog lub hom phiaj tshiab yuav tsum muaj peev xwm mus txog ntawm cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv uas twb muaj lawm.

Cov ntsiab lus tshiab hais txog yuav ua li cas cov tshuaj no ua haujlwm thiab yuav ua li cas lawv tuaj yeem txhim kho rau yav tom ntej cov kab mob parasite tswj tau pom los ntawm kev tshawb fawb tsis tu ncua. Cov tshuaj Molecular, kev tiv thaiv kev taug qab, thiab kev soj ntsuam daim ntawv thov kev tshawb fawb yog txhua qhov chaw ntawm kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb.

Molecular Studies ntawm Target Site Interactions

X-ray crystallography thiab cryo-electron microscopy, ob txoj kev kawm txog biology siab heev, tau pab cov kws tshawb fawb pom seb GABA- thiab glutamate-gated chloride channels tau ua li cas hauv peb qhov loj me. Cov qauv kev pom zoo no qhia tau meej npaum li cas cov molecules ntawm afoxolaner thiab milbemycin cuam tshuam nrog lawv lub hom phiaj ntawm qib atomic.

Cov kws tshawb fawb tau pom qee cov amino acid residues nyob rau hauv cov channel binding hnab tshos uas txiav txim siab npaum li cas cov tshuaj lo rau thiab khi rau tej channel. Qhov kev xaiv profile yog vim muaj kev hloov me me hauv cov seem ntawm arthropod thiab tib neeg cov channel. Kev nkag siab txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov molecular no pab cov kws tshawb fawb ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua tom ntej - cov tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua thiab xaiv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv tshwm sim.

Kev soj ntsuam cov kev pab cuam tshawb pom cov teeb liab tiv thaiv thaum ntxov

Veterinary parasitology muaj cov haujlwm saib xyuas uas ua rau lub qhov muag ntawm cov kab mob cab rau cov cim qhia ntxov ntawm kev tiv thaiv. Cov kev pabcuam no tau txais cov kab mob cab los ntawm cov dev uas tau kho thiab siv cov txheej txheem bioassays kom pom tias cov dev raug mob li cas. Cov qauv no tseem raug tshuaj ntsuam xyuas caj ces txhawm rau nrhiav cov kev hloov pauv uas ua rau lawv tiv taus lwm hom tshuaj.

Txij li thaum isoxazoline tau tshaj tawm thawj zaug, cov ntaub ntawv tau sau ntau xyoo uas tau pom tias muaj kev cuam tshuam ruaj khov rau cov profiles. Tsis muaj pov thawj ntawm kev kho mob tseem ceeb rau afoxolaner hauv cov tsiaj qus. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev tshawb fawb hauv chav kuaj pom tias kev tiv thaiv muaj peev xwm ua tau nrog kev xaiv txaus. Qhov kev soj ntsuam no tseem ceeb heev rau kev nrhiav pom cov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg uas yuav txhais tau tias cov phiaj xwm kho mob yuav tsum tau hloov pauv yav tom ntej.

Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Sib Txuas Kev Tshawb Fawb Tshawb Fawb Txhim Kho Cov Txheej Txheem

Veterinary kws tshaj lij tseem tab tom saib seb puas sib xyaw cov tshuaj sib txawv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo dua. Kev tshawb fawb thaum ntxov qhia tau hais tias ob lub tswv yim uas twb muaj nyob rau hauv afoxolaner thiab milbemycin oxime chewable ntsiav tshuaj pab ntau nrog kev tswj tsis kam. Hauv cov xwm txheej kho mob feem ntau, ntxiv cov tshuaj ntxiv ua rau cov khoom nyuaj thiab kim yam tsis muaj txiaj ntsig tiag tiag. Cov txheej txheem tam sim no zoo li yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ntsuas kev ua tau zoo, kev nyab xeeb, yooj yim ntawm kev siv, thiab kev tswj tsis kam.

Cov tshuaj tshiab tshiab yuav tsum tau siv los tiv thaiv cov kab mob parasite.Afoxolaner thiab milbemycin oxime chewable ntsiav tshuajphiaj xwm kab mob sib txawv - ciaj sia taus molecular txoj kev. Lawv cov chewable sib xyaw ua ke tso cai rau cov kws kho mob thiab cov tswv tsiaj muaj kev nyab xeeb, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los tua cov kab mob uas tawm tsam kev kho mob.

Los ntawm kev yuam cov kab mob los daws ob qhov teeb meem ib zaug, ob lub hom phiaj - cov txheej txheem txo kev kam rau siab. Pharmacokinetic optimization ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev noj txhua hli. Cov ntaub ntawv kho mob thiab cov kev tshawb fawb txuas ntxiv qhia tias qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke no yuav ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau ntau tus kab mob hauv ntau thaj chaw.

Veterinary cov kws tshaj lij tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev muaj ntau yam kev xaiv tshuab thaum cov kab mob tsis zoo tuaj. Paub tias cov tshuaj no ua haujlwm li cas ntawm cov qib molecular thiab cov pej xeem pab cov kws kho mob xaiv cov kev kho mob zoo rau txhua tus tsiaj thiab tswj xyuas kev siv tshuaj.

BLOOM TECH yog ib lub tuam txhab tsim nyog uas ua rau siab -cov khoom xyaw tsiaj zoo thiab cov tshuaj intermediates, xws liafoxolaner thiab milbemycin oxime chewable ntsiav tshuaj. Peb tau ua cov organic synthesis rau ntau tshaj 12 xyoo thiab muaj GMP- tau ntawv pov thawj cov chaw tsim khoom uas ua tau raws li cov qauv ntawm Teb Chaws Asmeskas, EU, Nyiv, thiab CFDA. Peb lav qhov zoo ib yam nrog peb theem ntawm kev tswj kom zoo: kev sim hauv lub Hoobkas, kev ruaj ntseg zoo thiab kev tswj xyuas zoo, thiab thib peb - ntawv pov thawj los ntawm cov nom tswv Suav.

Peb qhov kev sib tw muaj txiaj ntsig suav nrog tus nqi meej nrog cov txiaj ntsig tau txiaj ntsig, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm raug taug qab los ntawm peb ERP platform, thiab ntau cov ntaub ntawv los pab nrog kev lis kev cai. Peb paub tias nws tseem ceeb npaum li cas kom muaj peev xwm tso siab tau rau cov kws kho tsiaj cov khoom xyaw tshuaj vim tias peb tau txais kev pom zoo rau 24 pawg kws kho mob txawv teb chaws thiab tshawb fawb. Tsis muaj teeb meem yog tias koj xav tau cov hmoov API ntshiab, cov ntsiav tshuaj tiav hauv ntau qhov ntau npaum li cas (9.375mg+1.875mg txog 150 mg+30 mg), lossis cov qauv tsim tshwj xeeb rau kev kawm, BLOOM TECH tuaj yeem ua tau raws li koj xav tau.

Peb cov nqi qis heev yog los ntawm kev sib raug zoo nrog cov tuam txhab lag luam thoob plaws Tuam Tshoj thiab peb lub siab xav tsim kom ntev - kev sib koom tes es tsis txhob luv - lub sij hawm. Hu rau peb cov neeg ua haujlwm paub zoo los tham txog koj cov kev xav tau rau afoxolaner thiab milbemycin oxime chewable ntsiav tshuaj qhov chaw. Koj tuaj yeem xa email rau peb ntawmSales@bloomtechz.comkom tau txais cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws, kev qhia tshwj xeeb, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tswj hwm los pab koj nrog kev tsim khoom lossis kev lag luam.

1. Beugnet F, Liebenberg J, Halos L. Kev sib piv ntawm ob txoj kev kho qhov ncauj rau cov dev uas muaj afoxolaner lossis fluralaner tiv thaiv Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato thiab Dermacentor reticulatus venom. Veterinary Parasitology. 2015; 209(3-4): 142-145.

2. Shoop WL, Hartline EJ, Gould BR, et al. Kev tshawb nrhiav thiab hom kev ua ntawm afoxolaner, ib qho tshiab isoxazoline parasiticide rau dev. Veterinary Parasitology. 2014;201(3-4):179-189.

3. Prichard RK, Geary TG. Kev pom ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm moxidectin rau kev tswj cov kab mob parasitic nematodes nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm kev txhim kho anthelmintic tsis kam. International Journal for Parasitology: Tshuaj thiab Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv . 2019; 10:69-83.

4. Wolstenholme AJ, Evans CC, Jimenez PD, Moorhead AR. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm macrocyclic lactone tsis kam nyob rau hauv canine heartworm, Dirofilaria immitis. Parasitology . 2015; 142(10): 1249-1259.

5. Drag MD, Saik JE, Harriman JF, Letendre LT, Yoon SS. Kev soj ntsuam kev nyab xeeb ntawm qhov ncauj afoxolaner thiab milbemycin oxime hauv yim-lub lim tiam- cov dev qub. Veterinary Parasitology. 2017; 238:S27-S30.

6. Six RH, Becskei C, Mazalewski MM, et al. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm qhov ncauj tshiab ntawm afoxolaner, milbemycin oxime, thiab praziquantel tiv thaiv cov kab mob Ancylostoma caninum thiab Uncinaria stenocephala hauv cov dev. Veterinary Parasitology. 2016; 228:99-103.