Cov roj (cholesterol).yog cov sterol ntau tshaj plaws hauv lub cev. Nws tsis yog tsuas yog ib feem ntawm cell biofilm tab sis kuj yog ib tug precursor ntawm steroid hormones, bile acids thiab vitamin D. Yog li ntawd, rau feem ntau cov ntaub so ntswg, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej cov khoom ntawm nws thiab tswj nws cov metabolic tshuav nyiaj li cas.
Nws dav muaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev, txog 1/4 ntawm uas yog faib nyob rau hauv lub paj hlwb thiab paj hlwb cov ntaub so ntswg, accounting txog li 2 feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov luj ntawm lub paj hlwb. Lub siab, lub raum, txoj hnyuv, lwm yam hauv nruab nrog cev, thiab daim tawv nqaij thiab cov nqaij rog muaj ntau dua. Txhua 100 g ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg muaj li ntawm 200 mus rau 500mg, nrog rau daim siab yog cov nqaij ntau thiab tsawg. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov qog adrenal, zes qe menyuam thiab lwm cov ntaub so ntswg tuaj yeem siab li 1 feem pua - 5 feem pua, tab sis tag nrho cov nyiaj tsawg.
Lub hauv paus ntawm tib neeg sterols nyob ntawm kev sib txuas hauv lub cev thiab kev noj zaub mov. Cov zaub mov niaj hnub ntawm cov neeg zoo tib yam muaj txog 300-500mg, feem ntau yog los ntawm cov tsiaj viscera, qe qe, qab zib thiab nqaij. Cov zaub mov tsis muaj, tab sis cov nroj tsuag sterols, xws li Glutasterol, ergosterol, thiab lwm yam, tsis yooj yim absorbed los ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Kev noj ntau dhau tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nws qhov nqus ntawm nws.
Cov lus qhia muab los ntawm cov kws paub txog kev noj zaub mov kom txo tau nws suav nrog:
⒈ noj tsawg lossis tsis noj cov khoom noj uas muaj cov ntsiab lus siab, xws li tsiaj viscera thiab qe qe, thiab tswj kev noj zaub mov kom tsawg (tsawg dua 300 mg ib hnub twg). Cov ntshav feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm lub siab (70 feem pua), thiab tsuas yog ib feem me me (30 feem pua) los ntawm cov khoom noj. Yog li ntawd, tsuas yog txo kom tsawg tsis tuaj yeem kho qhov siab, tab sis kev tswj hwm kev noj zaub mov tseem yuav pab txo qis. Raws li tus qauv pom zoo los ntawm American Heart Association, cov ntaub ntawv txhua hnub yuav tsum tsawg dua 300 mg lossis tsawg dua, thaum nyob rau hauv lub qe qe yog 250 ~ 290 mg; Cov ntsiab lus ntawm 100 grams ntawm stewed npua siab yog siab li 469 mg.
2. Noj cov nqaij muaj roj tsawg thiab cov roj nqaij thiab txo cov roj saturated kom tsawg. Cov roj saturated dav muaj nyob rau hauv cov nqaij, qe thiab cov khoom noj siv mis, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub plawv rog, nqaij roj thiab viscera. Cov roj saturated tuaj yeem txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntshav qis lipoprotein (LDL-C), thiab nws cov txiaj ntsig zoo dua li nws tus kheej.
3. Noj ntau zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, fungi thiab algae, xws li konjac, agaric, kelp, Undaria pinnatifida, dos, taub dag thiab qos yaj ywm qab zib. Cov zaub mov no nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov fiber ntau thiab pab txhawb rau lawv cov excretion - thawj txoj hauv kev rau tib neeg lub cev kom tso tawm los ntawm cov kua tsib. Lub siab siv nws los tsim cov cholic acid. Cholic acid yog tawm mus rau hauv lub plab zom mov nrog cov kua tsib los koom nrog hauv kev zom cov rog. Tom qab ntawd, qee qhov cholic acid metabolites tau rov qab los rau hauv cov ntshav rau "kev siv pov tseg", thiab lwm qhov ntawm cholic acid metabolites tawm ntawm lub cev nrog quav. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev noj zaub mov fiber ntau yog kom nqus tau cov kua tsib acid metabolites ntau dua thiab tso tawm es tsis txhob rov ua dua. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, lub siab "yuav tsum" siv ntau dua los ua ke cholic acid ntxiv rau qhov poob ntawm cholic acid. Ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb tau lees paub tias kev noj zaub mov muaj fiber ntau ntxiv muaj qhov pom tseeb ntawm kev txo nws.
4. Monounsaturated fatty acids nyob rau hauv cov roj txiv roj, tshuaj yej roj, pob kws roj thiab rapeseed roj tuaj yeem txo qis lipoprotein tsawg (LDL-C). Nws tuaj yeem noj tau cov roj taum, cov txiv laum huab xeeb thiab lwm cov roj zaub txhua hnub.
5. Ntses roj thiab lecithin txo cov ntshav lipid, tab sis lawv cov khoom yog tsuas yog tsom rau kev nce triglyceride thiab qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev txo qis, uas yog me me (ntawm chav kawm, nws tseem ua haujlwm).
⒍ vitamin C, vitamin E, thiab lwm yam tshuaj tiv thaiv antioxidant tsis tuaj yeem txo qis hauv cov ntshav, tab sis pab txo qis nws cov hlab ntsha.
Ntxiv nrog rau cov hau kev saum toj no, peb kuj tuaj yeem khocov roj cholesterolnrog tshuaj. Astaxanthin, lutein, B-carotene, CoQ10, anthocyanin, Ganoderma lucidum spores, tshuaj yej polyphenols, thiab lwm yam, astaxanthin yog qhov muaj zog tshaj plaws. Cov kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam kuj tau lees paub tias thaum cov neeg tuaj yeem pab dawb noj 1.8, 3.6, 14.4 thiab 21.6mg ntawm astaxanthin txhua hnub rau 2 lub lis piam, lub sij hawm oxidation ntawm LDL tau ntev li 5.0 feem pua, 26.2 feem pua, 42.3 feem pua, 30.7 feem pua, feem; Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm atherosclerosis.