Mercuryyog ib qho tshwm sim feem ntau cov hlau uas muaj kev puas tsuaj loj heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum noj los yog noj. Kev ncua sij hawm txais mus rau mercury tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev vam meej loj cuam tshuam nrog rau kev puas hlwb, lub raum tsis zoo, thiab kev yug me nyuam. Nyob rau hauv lub teeb ntawm txhua yam, nws yog qhov yooj yim kom paub txog thiab tshuaj ntsuam cov qib mercury hauv ntau qhov xwm txheej. Ib lub tswv yim ncaj qha thiab ntseeg siab rau kev nkag siab txog qhov muaj mercury seethe yog los ntawm kev sivMercury Indicator Hmoov. Txawm li cas los xij, yuav ua li cas unequivocally no tsis tshua muaj hmoov ua hauj lwm?
Dab tsi yog cov ntsiab lus tom qab Mercury Indicator Powder?
Mercury marker hmoov muaj sulfur thiab xim. Cov sulfur teb nrog cov mercury fume nyob rau hauv cov huab cua, thaum lub ntxoov ntxoo muab ib tug viewable teeb liab thaum cov lus teb tshwm sim.
Tshwj xeeb, mercury muaj kev nyiam rau leej faj thiab ua kom cov mercury sulfide sai sai thaum ob qho khoom sib cuag. Mercury sulfide yog ib qho tsaus ntuj lossis lub ntiaj teb tsaus nti. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv qhov pom ntawm mercury fume, leej faj nyob rau hauv lub pointer hmoov yuav ua tsaus nti los yog xim av. Qhov ntxoov ntxoo tau lees paub tias qhov kev hloov pauv no yog outwardly nws tus kheej pom tseeb.
Ob peb xim ib txwm siv nyob rau hauv mercury marker hmoov sib txuas nrog Rose Bengal, fluorescein, thiab rhodamine B. Cov xim fluorescent no feem ntau daj-ntsuab hauv ntau yam. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lawv sib xyaw nrog cov tsaus mercuric sulfide, lub suab nrov pom tau hloov mus rau xim av lossis tsaus. Yog tsis muaj cov xim, cov leej faj tsis muaj leej twg yuav nyuaj rau pom sab nraud, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov mercury tsawg.
Cov lus teb ntawm mercury thiab sulfur yog irreversible nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej. Yog li, ntau yam kev hloov pauv txuas ntxiv mus txawm tias tom qab cov mercury fume disseminates. Qib ntawm qhov tsis pom tseeb yog nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg mercury tam sim no. Yog li ntawd, tus pointer hmoov muab ib tug ntxhib subjective kwv yees ntawm mercury qib.
Ntau hom sulfur tuaj yeem teb nrog mercury, suav nrog cov sulfur tseem ceeb thiab sulfides ntawm cov hlau hnyav xws li tooj liab, hlau, zinc, tin, thiab txhuas. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, qhov tseem ceeb sulfur feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv mercury marker hmoov. Nws muab qhov kev xav pom ntau yam hloov pauv.
Dab tsi yog Daim Ntawv Thov ntawm Mercury Indicator Powder?
Mercury qhia hmoovmuaj ntau yam kev siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam sectors:
1. Kev nyab xeeb ua haujlwm:
Cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv kev lag luam uas siv mercury, xws li mining, chloralkali ntau lawm, thiab fluorescent teeb tsim, muaj kev pheej hmoo siab rau mercury vapor raug.Mercury qhia hmoovmuab ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim los txheeb xyuas cov mercury leaks hauv cov kav dej, ntim khoom, thiab cov chaw tsim khoom. Cov hmoov tuaj yeem kis mus rau qhov chaw los yog tov nrog cov xim thiab siv rau phab ntsa. Txhua lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov mercury tso tawm yuav raug txheeb xyuas los ntawm cov cheeb tsam dub.
2. Kev saib xyuas ib puag ncig:
Mercury emissions paug cov av thiab cov dej nyob ze ntawm cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, hlau refineries, landfills, thiab lwm qhov chaw. Nws tuaj yeem ua daim ntawv qhia kev sib kis ntawm cov kab mob mercury no los ntawm kev tawg cov hmoov nyob ib puag ncig. Cov pab pawg tsiaj qus kuj tseem siv nws los txheeb xyuas cov kab mob mercury hauv cov chaw nyob ntawm cov tsiaj txhu.
3. Kev kuaj cua hauv tsev:
Mercury vapor tuaj yeem tso tawm los ntawm cov ntsuas kub tawg, cov ntsuas kub, cov teeb fluorescent, thiab cov xim qub qub. Kev noj cov pa paug hauv tsev yog qhov phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov menyuam yaus. Cov tsev neeg tuaj yeem tshuaj xyuas lawv lub tsev rau cov tshuaj mercury los ntawm kev tso cov hmoov ntsuas ntawm cov peev txheej. Txhua yam mercury yuav tshwm sim los ntawm cov hmoov hloov xim.
4. Kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg siv khoom:
Mercury qee zaum siv rau pej xeem thiab kev coj noj coj ua hauv ntau haiv neeg. Cov neeg tuaj koom yuav tsis paub txog qhov txaus ntshai. Nws cia lawv sim kom muaj kab mob mercury hauv lawv lub tsev los ntawm cov kev coj ua no. Nws kuj tseem pab txheeb xyuas cov mercury hauv cov tshuaj ntsuab lossis tshuaj ntsuab uas yuav tsis sau lawv cov khoom xyaw tag nrho.
5. Kev tshawb nrhiav forensic:
Cov tub ceev xwm tshawb xyuas tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov kua mercury ntawm qhov chaw ua txhaum cai, xws li thaum muaj tshuaj lom mercury lossis kev thauj cov hlau tsis raug cai. Nws yuav tig tsaus ntuj txawm tias me me. Qhov no pab rov tsim cov xwm txheej.
6. Mercury spill cleanup:
Thaum cov hlau mercury tau nchuav rau hauv tsev lossis chaw ua haujlwm, nws tawg mus rau hauv cov hlaws me me uas tawg dav. Nws sprinkle pab nrhiav tau tag nrho cov nyuaj-rau-nrhiav hlaws dai kom huv si huv si thiab pov tseg. Nws xyuas kom meej tias tsis muaj hnab tshos ntawm cov kab mob sib kis.
7. Kev kawm txuj ci:
Cov tub ntxhais kawm hauv cov chav kawm chemistry tuaj yeem ua qhov kev sim yooj yim los kawm txog mercury cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg thiab kev phom sij. Qhov pom kev hloov xim muab kev ua qauv qhia zoo heev. Cov tub ntxhais kawm kuj tuaj yeem tsim cov duab kos los ntawm cov xim pleev xim xim rau hauv daim ntawv thiab tso cai rau mercury vapor los tsim cov qauv.
Cov Powder Yuav Ua Li Cas Pom Cov Cuam Tshuam Tsawg?
Nws yog qhov rhiab heev thiab tuaj yeem pom cov qib mercury tsawg li 0.003 mg/m3 hauv huab cua. Qhov siab rhiab heev no los ntawm ob yam:
1. High deg cheeb tsam:
Cov hmoov nplej muaj cov qauv ntxeem tau thiab thaj chaw loj ntawm ib chav tsev loj. Qhov no tso cai rau ntau tus sulfur kom raug rau ib qho mercury vapor, ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem tshwm sim txawm tias qhov qis qis.
2. Catalysts:
Ntau ntawm lawv muaj cov catalysts xws li tooj liab, tin, hlau, lossis zinc sulfides. Cov no txhim khu cov kinetics ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mercury-sulfur, ua kom cov xim hloov. Catalysts pab kom pom cov koob tshuaj tsawg heev hauv vib nas this es tsis yog feeb.
Txawm li cas los xij, nws muaj kev txwv. Nws tsis tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus mercury vapor thiab lwm cov mercury compounds. Nws tseem tsuas yog muab qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo / tsis muaj qhov qhia thiab tsis suav cov qib mercury tseeb tshaj li qhov dav.
Ntau cov txheej txheem kuaj mob xws li txias vapor atomic absorption spectroscopy (CVAAS) thiab inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) yog xav tau rau kev ntsuas qhov tseeb ntawm mercury ntawm ultra-trace ntau lossis hauv cov qauv ib puag ncig nyuaj. Tab sis rau kev tshuaj ntsuam sai, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Cov hmoov ua li cas?
Ntau cov txheej txheem patented muaj nyob rau hauv kev tsim lawv, tab sis cov txheej txheem dav dav yog qhov yooj yim:
Qhuav elemental sulfur hmoov yog hauv av kom zoo sib xws ntawm 10-100 microns particle loj. Qhov no ua rau qhov chaw saum npoo.
Ib qho xim zoo li fluorescein lossis rhodamine B ntxiv thiab sib xyaw nrog cov leej faj. Cov xim muaj xws li 0.5-5% los ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov hmoov kawg.
Optional catalysts xws li zinc los yog tooj liab sulfide yog ntxiv ntawm 0.5-10% los ntawm qhov hnyav. Catalyst suav nrog nyob ntawm qhov xav tau siv thiab xav tau rhiab heev.
Rau kev siv sab nraum zoov, ib qho khoom siv xws li cov pos hniav arabic tuaj yeem muab tshuaj tsuag rau ntawm cov hmoov kom cov xim tsis leaching tawm hauv cov dej ntub. Tus fixer tsis cuam tshuam rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mercury.
Cov hmoov ua tiav tau ntim rau hauv cov thawv ntim cua kom tsis txhob muaj xim tsis zoo los ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide ambient sulfur-reactive gases.
Kev sib xyaw kom zoo thiab milling kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom xyaw raug faib sib npaug thaum tiv thaiv kev sib cais los ntawm qhov loj lossis qhov ntom. Qhov no ua rau cov khoom lag luam tsis sib xws.
Ntau hom Mercury Indicator Powder
Muaj qee qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm lawv tau ua kom zoo rau cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb:
Cov hmoov txheej txheem yog siv rau kev kuaj pom mercury hauv tsev. Lawv tig nruab nrab mus rau tsaus xim av.
High-sensitivity hmoov muaj ntau dua catalyst rau qib qis mercury nrhiav kom tau. Tab sis lawv cov xim hloov maj mam.
Cov hmoov sab nraud yog tsau nrog cov sealants kom lawv cov xim tsis khiav hauv qhov chaw ntub dej. Lawv tuaj yeem tiv taus nag, daus, thiab noo noo.
Quantitative hmoov calibrate cov xim hloov mus rau mercury concentrations rau ib nrab-quantitatively kwv yees theem. Tab sis xim kev nkag siab txawv ntawm cov neeg soj ntsuam.
Tube hmoov yog ntim rau hauv cov raj me me tawg tau siv rau ib zaug. Qhov no tiv thaiv kev sib kis ntawm kev sim.
Tag hmoov muaj qhov taw qhia ntawm daim npav cov cim npe rau kev nthuav tawm hauv thaj chaw tshwj xeeb. Cov xim tsim tsuas yog nyob rau saum npoo.
Adhesive hmoov yog siv rau daim kab xev strips kom yooj yim rau kev kuaj saum npoo. Tus neeg siv tsuas yog lo daim kab xev rau qhov xav tau.
Kev xaiv kom zoo ntawm cov hmoov hom txhim kho kev siv tau rau qhov xwm txheej npaj. Cov khoom siv tshaj lij feem ntau muaj ntau yam hmoov rau ntau yam xwm txheej.
Kev xav txog kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb
Nws feem ntau suav hais tias tsis muaj tshuaj lom yog tias qee qhov kev ceev faj tau ua raws li:
Tsis txhob nqus cov hmoov los yog muab tso rau hauv qhov muag. Siv kev tiv thaiv ua pa thiab hnab looj tes thaum tuav nws.
Ntxuav tes kom huv si tom qab siv thiab ua ntej noj mov. Pov tseg cov hnab looj tes siv tau zoo.
Khaws nws kaw kom deb ntawm menyuam yaus thiab tsiaj. Kev noj yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem.
Tsis txhob siv cov xim zaub mov lossis lwm yam khoom siv ua cov hmoov improvised. Ua raws li kev lag luam formulations.
Ua raws li cov chaw tsim khoom dilution/siv cov lus qhia. Kev siv ntau dhau yuav saturate ib puag ncig thiab tso cov pa roj sulfur ntau dhau.
Rov ua dua lossis pov tseg cov hmoov siv nrog cov khoom pov tseg uas tsim kev puas tsuaj hauv tsev. Tsis txhob ntxuav nws hauv cov dej.
Tsis txhob sivmercury qhia hmoovnquag tsis muaj cua txaus. Cov leej faj tuaj yeem hnov mob noo thiab oxidize los ua sulfur dioxide gas. Thaum siv tau zoo rau kev sim qee zaus, lawv muab txoj hauv kev nyab xeeb rau kev kuaj xyuas cov kab mob mercury. Tab sis lwm qhov kev kwv yees ntawm mercury vapor yuav nyiam rau kev saib xyuas tas li.
Xaus
Nws yog ib qho yooj yim, pheej yig, thiab cov cuab yeej rhiab rau kev kuaj xyuas qis qis ntawm mercury vapor hauv kev lag luam, kev ua haujlwm, forensic, ib puag ncig, thiab chaw nyob. Nws ua hauj lwm los ntawm leveraging sulfur cov tshuaj affinity rau mercury los tsim ib tug irreversible xim hloov los ntawm theoriginal pigmented hmoov mus rau ib tug dub los yog xim av khoom. Cov hmoov hloov xim txawm tias muaj cov kab mercury nqes mus rau qib 0.003 mg/m3. Kev tsim kom zoo nrog thaj chaw txhim kho thiab cov khoom siv catalytic ua kom muaj kev nkag siab zoo nrog rau qhov pom tseeb pom tseeb. Txawm li cas los xij, cov hmoov muaj kev txwv hauv qhov tshwj xeeb thiab muaj peev xwm muaj peev xwm txheeb ze rau kev ntsuas qib siab. Nrog kev ceev faj txog kev nyab xeeb, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas thawj kab hauv kev txheeb xyuas qhov chaw ntawm mercury vapor emission thiab daim ntawv qhia kev kis kab mob. Kev tsim kho tshiab tsis tu ncua hauv cov hmoov muaj pes tsawg leeg, daim ntawv, thiab kev kho txuas ntxiv mus ua kom zoo dua qhov kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm qhov venerable mercury detection method.
Cov ntaub ntawv:
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2. Kotnik, J., Horvat, M., Tessier, E., Ogrinc, N., Monperrus, M., Amouroux, D., ... & Gibičar, D. (2007). Mercury speciation nyob rau saum npoo thiab dej tob ntawm Hiav Txwv Mediterranean. Marine Chemistry, 107(1), 13-30.
3. Zhao, X., Yuan, G., Wang, Z., & Chen, C. (2013). Txhim kho qhov nqus thiab cov xim sib txawv hauv cov dye-doped sol- gel tsom iav kom pom cov mercury. Analytical Chemistry, 85(4), 2289-2295.
4. Rytuba, JJ (2003). Mercury los ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av thiab muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam ib puag ncig. Environmental geology, 43(3), 326-338.
5. Liang, L., & Gu, B. (2005). Mercury tshuaj sensors raws li cov organic thiab inorganic fluorophores. Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 381(3), 507-511.