Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, SDBS luv luv, yog cov hmoov dawb lossis lub teeb daj, uas yooj yim soluble hauv dej thiab yooj yim nqus dej noo thiab agglomerate. Nws ruaj khov rau alkali, dilute acid thiab dej tawv.
Tshawb nrhiav keeb kwm ntawm sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate: nyob rau xyoo 1930s, tib neeg alkylated benzene nrog cov roj av chlorinated, thiab tom qab ntawd sulfonated lub generated alkylbenzene los tsim alkylbenzene sulfonate. Qhov no yog thawj pawg ntawm cov khoom lag luam ntawm alkyl aromatic sulfonates. Lub sijhawm ntawd, feem ntau ntawm cov khoom siv hauv kev lag luam textile, thiab tom qab ntawd cov qauv hauv tsev tau tshwm sim sai sai. Tom qab Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ob, dodecylbenzene sulfonate tshwm sim, uas yog cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov roj catalytic tawg. Tetrapolypropylene yog npaj los ntawm reacting benzene nrog tetrapolypropylene li alkylation reagent thiab sulfonation.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate yog raws li nram no:
1. Hydrolysis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog qhov rov qab ntawm sulfonation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nyob rau hauv catalysis ntawm muaj zog acid, sodium dodecyl sulfate yuav co rhuab nrog dej kom tshem tawm cov sulfonyl pawg. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv electrophilic hloov ntawm h ntxiv rau kev tawm tsam lub nplhaib uas muaj ntxhiab raws li electrophilic reagent.
3R12-Ph-SO3Na plus H2O →R12-Ph plus NaHSO4(~200 degree,H2SO4)
2. Nws tuaj yeem tsim kom muaj qhov sib npaug nrog cov kua qaub muaj zog:
R12-Ph-SO3Na plus HCl⇌R12-Ph-SO3H plus NaCl
3. Cov pab pawg hydroxyl hauv sulfonyl pawg kuj tuaj yeem hloov tau los ntawm chlorine atom los ua sulfonyl chloride:
3R12-Ph-SO3Na plus PCl3 →R12-Ph-SO3H plus NaCl (~200 degree)
Synthetic sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate -- Laboratory method
Ntxiv 35ml (34.6g) ntawm Dodecylbenzene rau hauv 250ml plaub lub qhov ncauj lub raj mis nruab nrog lub stirrer, tus pas ntsuas kub, xa me nyuam rov funnel thiab reflux condenser, maj mam ntxiv 35ml ntawm 98 feem pua sulfuric acid nyob rau hauv stirring ntawm qhov kub tsis tshaj 40 degree, thiab ces nce qhov kub thiab txias. rau 60 ~ 70 degree rau 2h.
Txo qhov kub ntawm qhov sib xyaw sulfonated saum toj no mus rau 40 ~ 50 degree, maj mam ntxiv cov dej tsim nyog (kwv yees li 15ml), ncuav nws mus rau hauv qhov sib cais, sawv ntsug rau ib pliag, txheej txheej, tso cov txheej txheem qis (dej thiab inorganic ntsev), thiab khaws cov txheej sab sauv (organic theem).
Npaj 80ml ntawm 10 feem pua sodium hydroxide tov, ntxiv rau li 60 ~ 70ml ntawm 250ml plaub lub qhov ncauj lub raj mis, maj mam ntxiv cov saum toj no organic theem nyob rau hauv stirring, tswj qhov kub ntawm 40 ~ 50 degree, kho ph=7 ~ 8 nrog 10 feem pua sodium hydroxide, thiab sau tag nrho cov nyiaj ntawm 10 feem pua sodium hydroxide.
Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv saum toj no, ntxiv ib qho me me ntawm sodium chloride, lim tom qab lub nplhaib nkag mus rau qhov tseeb, thiab tau txais cov khoom siv dawb, uas yog sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate.
Daim ntawv thov Scope ntawm sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate kuj dav heev. Piv txwv li, hauv kev lag luam ntxhua khaub ncaws, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate yog cov roj daj, uas tuaj yeem tsim hexagonal lossis inclined square muaj zog flake crystals tom qab ntxuav. Nws muaj tshuaj lom me ntsis thiab tau lees paub tias yog cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg muaj kev nyab xeeb los ntawm lub koom haum thoob ntiaj teb kev nyab xeeb. Sodium Alkylbenzene Sulfonate tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab tshuaj ntxuav tais diav. Nws yog qhov loj tshaj plaws uas siv rau hauv detergents. Vim yog qhov loj-loj tsis siv neeg ntau lawm thiab tus nqi qis, Sodium Alkylbenzene Sulfonate Siv hauv cov tshuaj ntxuav tes muaj ob hom: branched saw qauv (ABS) thiab ncaj saw qauv (LAS). Cov qauv saw caj dab muaj me ntsis biodegradability thiab yuav ua rau muaj kuab paug rau ib puag ncig, thaum cov saw ncaj ncaj yog yooj yim rau biodegradable. Lub biodegradability tuaj yeem muaj ntau dua 90 feem pua thiab cov qib ntawm ib puag ncig muaj kuab paug tsawg.
Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate yog nruab nrab, rhiab heev rau dej hardness, tsis yooj yim rau oxidize, muaj zog foaming zog, siab decontamination hwj chim, yooj yim rau tov nrog ntau yam additives, uas tsis muaj nqi, mature synthesis txheej txheem thiab dav daim ntawv thov teb. Nws yog ib qho zoo heev anionic surfactant. Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj rau cov kab mob hauv cov av, cov av protein thiab cov av oily, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov av hauv cov fibers ntuj. Lub zog decontamination nce nrog qhov nce ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thiab nws cov nyhuv ntawm cov av protein ntau dua li cov uas tsis yog-ionic surfactants, nrog cov nplua nuj ua npuas ncauj. Txawm li cas los xij, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate muaj ob qhov tsis zoo. Ib qho yog tias nws muaj qhov tsis zoo rau cov dej tawv, thiab nws qhov kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo tuaj yeem txo qis nrog cov dej tawv. Yog li, cov tshuaj ntxuav tes nrog nws ua tus neeg sawv cev tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau siv nrog tus nqi tsim nyog ntawm tus neeg sawv cev chelate. Qhov thib ob, nws muaj zog degreasing zog. Nws yog khaus rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij thaum ntxuav tes. Kev xav ntawm cov khaub ncaws ntxhua tsis zoo. Nws yog tsim nyog los siv cationic surfactant ua softener rau rinsing. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, txhawm rau kom tau txais cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev ntxuav, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate feem ntau yog siv nrog cov tsis-ionic surfactants xws li fatty cawv polyoxyethylene ether (AEO). Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate feem ntau yog siv los npaj ntau hom kua, hmoov thiab granular detergents, detergents thiab detergents.