DMHA, nws lub npe tshuaj1, 5-dimethylhexylamine, yog cov kua dej uas muaj qhov kub kub qis dua thiab cov ntsiab lus melting ntau dua. Nws yuav tsim dawb crystals ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Qhov ntom ntawm 078-0.79 g/cm³ yog cov organic compound nrog cov tshuaj formula C8H19N. Nws muaj ib tug pungent tsw. Nws yog cov tshuaj lipophilic uas yog miscible nrog cov kuab tshuaj polar xws li dej, ethanol, acetone thiab dimethylformamide. Lub viscosity kuj siab, txog 30-40 mPa·s. Vim nws cov viscosity siab heev, 1,5-dimethylhexylamine tej zaum yuav tsum tau ntxiv lwm cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem tsim los txo cov viscosity thiab txhim kho ntau lawm efficiency. Nws cov qauv molecular muaj yim-carbon ncaj saw nyob rau hauv uas ob carbon atoms txuas ib pawg amino thiab ob pawg methyl. Nws yog cov kua nrog pungent tsw, lipophilicity, tsawg ntom, tsis tshua muaj boiling point, nruab nrab flash point, melting point thiab viscosity, thiab tsawg nto nro. Cov khoom no ua rau 1,5-dimethylhexylamine dav siv hauv kev lag luam tshuaj thiab ntau yam kev siv.
DMHA tau siv dav hauv ntau qhov chaw. Nov yog kev siv 1,5-Dimethylhexylamine:
1. Khoom noj khoom haus kev ua kis las:
1. Nws tuaj yeem ua kom cov ntshav khiav, ua kom lub plawv dhia ua haujlwm thiab cov leeg nqaij muaj zog, ua rau tib neeg noj qab haus huv thiab muaj zog.
2. Cov tshuaj poob phaus:
Kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub cev ntawm 1,5-dimethylhexylamine kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj poob phaus. Nws pab txhawb kev rog rog thiab hlawv, nrog rau tswj kev tshaib plab thiab qab los noj mov, uas tuaj yeem pab txo qhov hnyav thiab txhim kho insulin rhiab heev.
3. Txheej thiab ntxuav cov khoom:
1. Nws siv nyob rau hauv no hais txog cov txiaj ntsig los ntawm nws qhov zoo ntawm qhov nro thiab dispersing zog, uas tso cai rau kev tu kom zoo thiab txheej txheej ntawm qhov chaw thiab txhim kho cov kav ntev thiab zoo ntawm cov txheej.
4. Hlau tu:
1,5-Dimethylhexylamine kuj tseem siv tau rau kev ntxuav hlau thiab tiv thaiv corrosion. Kev sib xyaw nrog cov tshuaj alkaline xws li sodium carbonate lossis sodium bicarbonate tuaj yeem tshem tawm oxides thiab lwm yam kab mob ntawm cov hlau.
5. Cov kuab tshuaj hauv tshuaj:
1,5-Dimethylhexylamine tuaj yeem siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj hauv tshuaj. Nws cov ntawv thov hauv daim teb no suav nrog kev tsim cov khoom siv raw, cov tshuaj hormones thiab tshuaj loog, thiab lwm yam.
Los ntawm cov lus qhia saum toj no, peb tuaj yeem paub tias 1,5-dimethylhexylamine muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv ntau yam. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias 1, 5-dimethylhexylamine yog cov khoom muaj phom sij heev hauv kev tsim tshuaj txhaum cai thiab nws yuav tsum txwv tsis pub siv. Thiab nyob rau hauv kev siv raws li txoj cai, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas nws cov koob tshuaj thiab kev ceev faj kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev siv.
Raws li kev siv thev naus laus zis ntawm dmha bulk hmoov ua ntau dua thiab paub tab, muaj ntau thiab ntau tus neeg muag khoom ntawm DMHA, ua ntau dua dmha muag. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov khoom ntawm txhua qhov chaw tsim khoom muaj qhov sib txawv purity vim muaj cov thev naus laus zis sib txawv. Yuav dmha hmoov yuav tsum paub qhov txawv.
1. Molecular mis thiab qauv:
Cov mis mos molecular ntawm 1,5-dimethylhexylamine yog C8H19N, thiab nws cov qauv molecular yog raws li nram no:
tshuaj muaj zog
(1) Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv acid:
1,5-Dimethylhexylamine yog ib yam khoom alkaline uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov kua qaub los tsim cov ntsev. Piv txwv li, reacting nrog hydrochloric acid los tsim hydrochloride:
(2) Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidant L
1, 5-Dimethylhexylamine tau yooj yim oxidized los ntawm oxidants los tsim cov pa roj lom. Piv txwv li, thaum reacting nrog poov tshuaj permanganate, ntau cov pa oxygen yuav raug tso tawm:
2 KMnO4 plus 16 CH3(CH2)3NH2 → 2K2CO3 plus 2 MnO2 plus 8CO2↑ 16 H2O plus 16 N2↑
(3) Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog txo tus neeg sawv cev:
1,5-Dimethylhexylamine tuaj yeem txo qis los ntawm qee cov tshuaj txo qis. Piv txwv li, n-hexylamine tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog lithium aluminium hydride:
2 LiH4plus CH3(CH2)3NH2→ (CH3(CH2)3)2NH plus 2 LiAlH3
(4) Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog halogenated hydrocarbons:
1,5-Dimethylhexylamine tuaj yeem hloov pauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog halogenated hydrocarbons. Piv txwv li, reacting nrog bromoethane tuaj yeem muab N-ethyl-N-(1, 5-dimethylhexyl)ethylamine.
(5) Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kub:
1. Piv txwv li, 1, 5-dimethylhexylamine tuaj yeem muab faib ua toluene thiab ethylene thaum rhuab mus rau 200 degree.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, 1, 5-dimethylhexylamine yog ib qho yooj yim thiab reactive, thiab nws yog ib qho yooj yim rau react nrog acids, oxidants, txo cov neeg ua hauj lwm thiab haloalkanes. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yog ib qho yooj yim los ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv decomposition thaum rhuab, yog li nws yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm.
1,5-Dimethylhexylamine yog ib qho organic compound nrog cov tshuaj formula C8H19N. Nws muaj ntau yam reactive zog, raws li tau piav qhia hauv qab no:
1. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv acid: 1,5-dimethylhexylamine tuaj yeem ua rau cov kua qaub los ua cov ntsev sib xws. Piv txwv li, 1,5-dimethylhexylamine tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog hydrochloric acid rau daim ntawv 1,5-dimethylhexylamine hydrochloride (C8H19N·HCl).
2. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog carboxylic acid: 1, 5-dimethylhexylamine tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov carboxylic acid los tsim cov amide sib xws. Piv txwv li, 1,5-dimethylhexylamine tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog acetic anhydride rau daim ntawv 1,5-dimethylhexylamine acetamide (C8H19N O2CCH3).
3. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv acid halide: 1, 5-dimethylhexylamine tuaj yeem ua rau cov kua qaub halide los tsim cov amide sib xws. Piv txwv li, 1,5-dimethylhexylamine tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog propionyl chloride rau daim ntawv 1,5-dimethylhexylamine propionamide (C8H19N O2CCH2CH3).
4. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nucleophilic reagents: 1, 5-dimethylhexylamine tuaj yeem hnov mob nrog nucleophilic reagents xws li dej bromine thiab dej iodine kom tau txais kev hloov pauv nucleophilic. Piv txwv li, 1,5-dimethylhexylamine tuaj yeem hnov mob nrog dej bromine rau daim ntawv 1,5-dibromo-2,6-dimethylheptane (C8H17Br2N).
5. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidants: 1, 5-dimethylhexylamine tuaj yeem ua rau cov oxidants thiab ua oxidants hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation. Piv txwv li, 1,5-dimethylhexylamine tuaj yeem hnov mob nrog hydrogen peroxide kom nkag mus rau oxidation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los ua heptanone (C8H16O).
6. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntxiv: 1, 5-dimethylhexylamine tuaj yeem raug cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntxiv nrog cov tshuaj tsis muaj zog xws li alkenes thiab alkynes los tsim cov khoom sib txuas. Piv txwv li, 1, 5-dimethylhexylamine tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib txuas ntxiv nrog ethylene rau daim ntawv 2-(1, 5-dimethylhexyl) octane (C10H21N).
7. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv halogen: 1, 5-dimethylhexylamine tuaj yeem ua rau halogen los tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv halogenation. Piv txwv li, 1,5-dimethylhexylamine tuaj yeem hnov mob nrog cov roj chlorine los ua 1-(1,5-dimethylhexyl)-2-chloropropane (C8H17ClN).
Hauv kev xaus, 1, 5-dimethylhexylamine muaj ntau yam khoom siv tau zoo thiab tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev sib txuas ntawm lwm cov organic tebchaw, ua cov catalyst thiab txo tus neeg sawv cev, thiab lwm yam.