Qhov kub kub ib txwm muaj rau cov khoom lag luam yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rau kev lag luam uas cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom tseem ceeb no.Iodine, halogen nrog tus lej atomic 53, nthuav tawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb uas ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig hauv ntau daim ntawv thov. Qhov ib txwm kub kub ntawm nws yog kwv yees li 184.3 degrees Celsius (363.7 degrees Fahrenheit) ntawm tus qauv atmospheric siab. Qhov kub kub kub no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev lag luam xws li kws tshuaj, polymers, thiab cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb, qhov chaw tswj qhov kub thiab txias yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov txheej txheem cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom. Kev nkag siab txog cov cuab yeej no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, purification, thiab synthesis txoj hauv kev lag luam. Lub boiling point ntawm nws kuj plays ib tug tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv nws siv raws li ib tug tshuaj tua kab mob, catalyst, thiab intermediate nyob rau hauv cov organic synthesis tshuaj.
Peb muabiodine, thov saib mus rau lub vev xaib txuas ntxiv no kom cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws thiab cov ntaub ntawv.
Khoom:https://www.bloomteechz.com/chemical-reagent/laboratory-reagent/iodine-Qhia-casо{{{{4.html
Yam cuam tshuam rau iodine lub boiling point
Siab thiab iodine lub boiling taw tes
Lub boiling taw tes ntawm nws yog feem ntau txiav txim siab los ntawm siab, thiab nws tuaj yeem sib txawv ntau nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej sib txawv. Ntawm cov qauv cua ntawm cov qauv siab (1 atm lossis 101.35 kpa), cov khoom muaj qhov cub npau npau ntawm 184.3 degree. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub siab yog hloov, xws li nyob rau hauv lub tshuab distillation, lub boiling point tsawg zuj zus. Qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm qhov siab thiab npau npau yog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem distillation. Hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev distillation, qhov txo qis hauv siab txo qis qis qhov npau npau ntawm cov khoom lag luam, tso cai rau vaporize ntawm qhov kub qis dua. Cov cuab yeej no tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws hauv kev lag luam zoo li cov tshuaj thiab tshuaj tshwj xeeb, qhov twg meej ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb. Los ntawm kev txo qis lub rhaub taw los ntawm nqus tsev distillation,tshuaj aisaudaistuaj yeem sib cais los ntawm kev sib xyaw lossis siv los tshem tawm cov impurities los ntawm lwm cov chaw sib txuas. Cov qauv no tsis yog tsuas yog txuag hluav taws xob los ntawm kev zam kev xav tau qhov kub siab tab sis kuj txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rhiab thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Yog li ntawd, lub peev xwm los tswj hwm iodine lub boiling taw tes nyob rau hauv cov kev mob siab sib txawv yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem.
Lub purity ntawm cov khoom lag luam ua si lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab nws lub qhov cub npau npau. Thaum iodine muaj cov impurities, cov tshuaj txawv teb chaws tuaj yeem ua rau cov qauv kub, yog nce lossis txo qis ntawm cov hom thiab kev nkag siab ntawm cov paug. Hauv chaw muaj kev muaj, xws li kev tsim cov polymers lossis cov tshuaj lom neeg, muaj cov tshuaj tsis sib xws thiab cuam tshuam qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom kawg. Yog li ntawd, kom ntseeg tau tias nws yog qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov tseem ceeb kom tswj cov ntsiab lus npau suav thiab ruaj khov, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tswj cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg. Txhawm rau ua kom tiav cov kev ua kom huv ntawm iodine, ntau txoj kev ua kom huv si yog siv ntau. Sublimation, nyob rau hauv cov khoom twg yog rhuab thiab tom qab ntawd condensed rov qab rau hauv daim ntawv foos, yog ib qho txheej txheem uas tau tshem tawm impurities. Lwm txoj hauv kev yog recrystallization, uas cuam tshuam nrog yaj nws nyob rau hauv cov kuab tshuaj uas haum thiab tom qab ntawd recrystallizing nws kom cais cov iodine ntshiab los ntawm cov paug.
Cov txheej txheem purification no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov iodine siv hauv cov ntawv thov kev lag luam muaj qhov ua kom ntseeg tau thiab raug kub hnyiab, ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab sib xws ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab cov khoom lag luam zoo.
Yuav ua li cas iodine lub boiling taw tes ntsig txog nws cov qauv molecular?
Intermolecular Forces hauv Iodine
Cov qauv molecular ntawm cov khoom lag luam ua si lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab nws lub point boiling. Cov khoom muaj nyob rau ntawm lub teb chaws diatomic (i₂) hauv nws daim ntawv tseem ceeb. Cov lwg me me no tau tuav ua ke los ntawm cov yuam kev tsis muaj zog, feem ntau london dispersion rog. Lub zog ntawm cov rog no ncaj qha cuam tshuam nrog qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom atoms thiab cov xov tooj hluav taws uas lawv muaj. Raws li qhov loj tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau polarizable ntawm lub halogen ntsiab lus, cov khoom lag luam uas cov kev sib txuas lus zoo dua li cov counterparts zoo li chlorine lossis fluorine. Qhov no nce intermolecular nyiam ua rautshuaj aisaudais'sNtau dua npau npau lub ntsiab lus txheeb ze rau lwm lub halogens.
Electron Configuration thiab boiling point
Kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob ntawm iodine atoms kuj cuam tshuam nws qhov kub thiab txias. Nrog 53 electrons, nws muaj ib tug loj electron huab uas yog yooj yim distorted, ua rau muaj zog induced dipole-induced dipole kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm molecules. Cov qauv hluav taws xob no txhawb nqa kev tsim cov ntawv cog lus ruaj khov intermolecular, uas yuav tsum tau muaj zog ntau dua rau kev tawg thaum lub sij hawm boiling. Hauv cov ntawv thov kev lag luam, xws li hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj lossis cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb, kev nkag siab txog cov kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov molecular-theem yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem uas cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom thiab kwv yees nws tus cwj pwm nyob rau hauv ntau yam mob.
Kev siv cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov kev txiav txim siab ntawm iodine lub boiling point
Lub boiling point ntawmiodineyog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis zoo nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev lag luam chemical synthesis, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev lag luam xws li kws tshuaj thiab polymers. Hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, cov tshuaj iodine feem ntau yog siv los ua cov khoom nruab nrab lossis cov khoom kawg hauv cov tshuaj formulations. Kev tswj xyuas qhov kub thiab txias, raws li cov khoom lag luam boiling point, yog qhov tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab qhov purity ntawm cov khoom tshwm sim. Piv txwv li, thaum lub sij hawm synthesis ntawm cov thyroid tshuaj, iodine lub volatility ntawm nws boiling point yog leveraged nyob rau hauv purification kauj ruam mus cais thiab refine lub compound. Qhov no tso cai rau kom meej meej tswj cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov tshuaj. Hauv kev lag luam polymer, iodine tus cwj pwm kub kub yog qhov tseem ceeb zoo ib yam thaum nws siv los ua catalyst lossis additive hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv polymerization. Kev nkag siab txog nws qhov kub hnyiab yuav pab xyuas kom meej tias nws tau muab tso rau hauv cov polymer matrix, tsis muaj kev poob ntau vim yog sublimation ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Qhov kev tswj hwm no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb rau kev tswj xyuas cov khoom xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv polymer kawg, xws li lub zog, yoog raws, thiab kav ntev. Yog li, lub peev xwm los tswj iodine lub boiling point ua kom muaj kev vam meej thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm ob qho tib si tshuaj thiab polymer manufacturing txheej txheem, pab txhawb cov khoom sib xws thiab zoo.
Lub boiling point ntawm iodine kuj muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj rau kev nyab xeeb thiab kev tuav hauv kev lag luam. Thaum qhov kub thiab txias nyob ze nws qhov kub kub, cov khoom vapor siab nce ntau, ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv thiab ib puag ncig. Kev lag luam uas cuam tshuam nrog nws, xws li cov neeg koom nrog hauv kev kho dej lossis kev tsim tshuaj tshwj xeeb, yuav tsum siv cov kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb kom tsis txhob raug cov khoom vapors. Qhov no suav nrog cov tshuab ua pa kom zoo, cov khoom siv kaw, thiab cov iav tiv thaiv tus kheej tsim los tiv thaiv qhov kub siab tshaj. iodine lub boiling point. Ib qho ntxiv, kev thauj khoom thiab kev thauj mus los ntawm nws yuav tsum muaj peev xwm rau nws lub peev xwm rau kev kub siab ntawm nws qhov cub npau npau, yuav tsum muaj tshwj xeeb muaj cov kev daws teeb meem.
Nyob rau hauv xaus, nkag siab qhov ib txwm boiling point ntawmiodinethiab nws cov khoom muaj feem xyuam yog qhov tseem ceeb rau ntau yam kev lag luam uas siv cov khoom siv ntau yam no. Los ntawm kev tsim tshuaj mus rau kev tsim tshuaj tshwj xeeb, qhov kub ntawm cov khoom cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem tsim, kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb, thiab cov khoom zoo. Yog xav paub ntxiv txog cov khoom thiab nws daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv industrial chemistry, thov hu rau peb ntawmSales@bloomtechz.comCov. Peb pab neeg ntawm Bloom Tech tau npaj txhij los pab koj nrog koj cov lus qhia txog iodine-ntsig txog kev sib txuam nrog kev koom tes nrog koj cov txheej txheem.
Ntawv Sawv cev
1. Greenwood, NN thiab Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry ntawm lub ntsiab (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann.
2. Lide, DR (ed.) (2005). CRC Phau Ntawv ntawm Chemistry thiab Physics (86th ed.). CRC Xovxwm.
3. Stwertka, A. (2002). Phau Ntawv Qhia Txog Cov Ntsiab Lus (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.
4. Atkins, PW thiab DE PAMA, J. (2006). Chemistry lub cev (8th ed.). Oxford University Xovxwm.