Chloramine T, tseem hu ua N-chlorotriphenylmethylhypochlorite, yog ib hom oxidant thiab chlorinating tus neeg sawv cev. Cov tsos yog dawb mus rau lub teeb daj hmoov hmoov nrog hygroscopicity. Nws qhov hnyav molecular yog 290.5, CAS 127-65-1, thiab cov mis mos molecular yog C19H16ClNO2. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim heev soluble nyob rau hauv dej, nrog ib tug solubility ntawm txog 76 g / 100 mL dej, thiab tso tawm ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm tshav kub. Nws kuj tseem yooj yim soluble hauv cov kuab tshuaj organic xws li ethanol, chloroform, thiab acetone. Nws muaj acidity tsis muaj zog thiab tuaj yeem ionize hydrogen ions hauv dej, yog li nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov kua qaub. Meanwhile, nws kuj muaj zog alkalinity thiab tuaj yeem txais hydroxide ions. Nws yog ib hom oxidant thiab chlorinating tus neeg sawv cev, dav siv hauv teb xws li tshuaj, tshuaj tua kab, dyes, thiab lwm yam.
(Cov khoom txuas: https://www.bloomtechz.com/chemical-reagent/indicator-reagent/chloramine-t-powder-cas-127-65-1.html)
Txoj Kev 1: Kev sib txuas ntawm chloramine T los ntawm aniline kuj yog ib txoj kev siv ntau. Txoj kev no feem ntau suav nrog peb kauj ruam: sulfonation, amination, thiab chlorination ntawm aniline. Cov kauj ruam tshwj xeeb yog raws li nram no:
1. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sulfonation
(1) Sib tov aniline thiab chlorosulfonic acid: Sib tov aniline thiab chlorosulfonic acid nyob rau hauv 1: 1 molar ratio thiab do tusyees nrog ib tug iav pas nrig.
(2) Kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias: Muab qhov sib tov rau ntawm lub tshuab magnetic stirrer thiab tswj qhov kub ntawm ib ncig ntawm 50 degree.
(3) Sulfonation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: Nyob rau hauv kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias, cia cov tshuaj sib tov rau li 1 teev kom txog thaum aniline hloov mus rau p-toluenesulfonyl chloride tag nrho.
(4) Kev sib cais thiab ziab: Cov roj hydrogen chloride uas tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv raug tshem tawm los ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob tig, thiab cov kua dej ntxiv tau muab cais thiab qhuav kom tau txais p-toluenesulfonyl chloride.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog raws li nram no:
C6H5NH2 + ClSO3H → C6H5NHSO3H + HCl
2. Ammonification cov tshuaj tiv thaiv
(1) Kev npaj ntawm sodium hydroxide tov: Dissolve ib tug npaum li cas ntawm sodium hydroxide nyob rau hauv ethanol los npaj ib tug sodium hydroxide tov.
(2) Muab p-toluenesulfonyl chloride tso rau hauv peb lub raj mis caj dab: Tso cov p-toluenesulfonyl chloride qhuav rau hauv peb lub raj mis uas siv lub tshuab nqus dej tas li.
(3) Kev txhaj tshuaj ammonia: Nyob rau hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke, txhaj tshuaj ammonia rau hauv peb lub raj mis caj dab.
(4) Tswj qhov kub thiab txias: Tswj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kub nyob ib ncig ntawm 80 degree thiab tswj lub siab, kom ammonia tuaj yeem ua rau tag nrho nrog p-toluenesulfonyl chloride.
(5) Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ammoniation: Nyob rau hauv kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias, tso cai rau cov sib tov kom hnov mob li ntawm 2 teev kom txog thaum p-toluenesulfonyl chloride hloov mus rau N-toluenesulfonyl dimethylamine.
(6) Kev sib cais thiab ziab: Sib cais thiab ziab cov kua reacted kom tau Np-toluenesulfonyl dimethylamine.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog raws li nram no:
C6H5NHSO3H+2NH3 + NaOH → C6H5NHSO2NHCH2CH3 + 2H2O
3. Alkaline ntsev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv
(1) Dissolve Np-toluenesulfonyldimethylamine nyob rau hauv ethanol: Dissolve ib tug npaum li cas ntawm Np-toluenesulfonyldimethylamine nyob rau hauv ethanol los ua ib tug ethanol tov ntawm Np-toluenesulfonyldimethylamine.
(2) Ntxiv cov tshuaj sodium hydroxide rau lub raj reflux: Ntxiv ib qho tshuaj sodium hydroxide rau lub raj reflux.
(3) Alkaline ntsev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: Ntxiv Np-toluenesulfonyldimethylamine ethanol tov rau lub raj reflux thiab ua alkaline ntsev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv stirring tej yam kev mob.
(4) Kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias: tswj qhov kub ntawm lub raj reflux ntawm ib ncig ntawm 80 degree kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev vam meej ntawm alkali ntsev cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
(5) Kev sib cais thiab ziab: cais thiab ziab cov kua reacted kom tau Np-toluenesulfonyl dimethylamine sodium ntsev.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog raws li nram no:
C6H5NHSO2NHCH2CH3 + NaOH → C6H5NH(OH)SO2NHCH2CH3Na
4. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv chlorination ntawm cov roj chlorine
(1) Dissolve Np-toluenesulfonyldimethylamine sodium ntsev hauv dej: Dissolve ib qho nyiaj ntawm Np-toluenesulfonyldimethylamine sodium ntsev hauv dej los tsim Np-toluenesulfonyldimethylamine sodium ntsev tov.
(2) Qhia cov roj chlorine rau hauv cov yeeb nkab reflux: Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej nplawm, qhia cov roj chlorine rau hauv cov yeeb nkab reflux.
(3) Tswj qhov kub thiab txias: Tswj qhov kub ntawm lub raj reflux ntawm ib ncig ntawm 80 degree thiab tswj lub siab, kom cov roj chlorine tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog Np-toluenesulfonyldimethylamine sodium ntsev.
(4) Chlorination cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov roj chlorine: Nyob rau hauv kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias, cia cov tshuaj sib tov rau li 1 teev kom txog thaum Np-toluenesulfonyldimethylamine sodium ntsev yog tag nrho hloov mus rau chloramine T.
(6) Kev sib cais thiab ziab: cais thiab ziab cov kua reacted kom tau chloramine T.
Txoj Kev 2: Kev sib txuas ntawm chloramine T los ntawm p-nitrophenol kuj yog ib txoj kev siv ntau. Txoj kev no feem ntau suav nrog ob kauj ruam: sulfonation thiab txo nitrophenol. Cov kauj ruam tshwj xeeb yog raws li nram no:
1. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sulfonation
(1) Sib tov p-nitrophenol thiab chlorosulfonic acid: Dissolve ib tug npaum li cas ntawm p-nitrophenol nyob rau hauv dimethylformamide (DMF), ntxiv ib tug tsim nyog tus nqi ntawm chlorosulfonic acid, thiab do tusyees nrog ib tug iav pas nrig.
(2) Kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias: Muab qhov sib tov rau ntawm lub tshuab magnetic stirrer thiab tswj qhov kub ntawm ib ncig ntawm 50 degree.
(3) Sulfonation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: Nyob rau hauv kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias, cia cov tshuaj sib tov rau li 1 teev kom txog thaum p-nitrophenol hloov mus rau p-aminobenzenesulfonyl chloride.
(4) Kev sib cais thiab ziab: Cov roj hydrogen chloride uas tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv raug tshem tawm los ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob tig, thiab cov kua dej ntxiv yog sib cais thiab qhuav kom tau txais p-aminobenzenesulfonyl chloride.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog raws li nram no:
C6H5TSIS MUAJ2 + ClSO3H → C6H5NHSO3H + HCl
2. Txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv
(1) Dissolve p-aminobenzenesulfonyl chloride nyob rau hauv dej: Dissolve ib tug npaum li cas ntawm p-aminobenzenesulfonyl chloride nyob rau hauv dej distilled los ua ib tug aqueous tov ntawm p-aminobenzenesulfonyl imine.
(2) Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txo qis: Hauv cov dej da dej cua sov, maj mam hliv cov tshuaj aqueous ntawm p-aminobenzenesulfonyl imine rau hauv lub beaker thaum txuas ntxiv stirring. Tom qab ntawd ntxiv ib qho nyiaj ntawm zinc lossis hlau hmoov rau cov tshuaj thiab txuas ntxiv stirring kom txog thaum cov khoom seem ploj.
(3) Kev sib cais thiab ziab: Sib cais thiab ziab cov kua reacted kom tau chloramine T.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog raws li nram no:
C6H5NHOSCH2COOH + Zn/Fe → C6H5NHOSCH2CH3 + Zn (OH)2/Fe (OH)2
Cov saum toj no yog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws cov kauj ruam thiab coj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov qauv rau synthesizing chloramine T los ntawm p-nitrophenol ua raw khoom. Hauv kev ua haujlwm, nws yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov xwm txheej ntawm txhua kauj ruam cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, xws li kub, siab, catalyst ntau npaum, raw khoom piv, thiab lwm yam., kom ntseeg tau tias tau txais high-purity chloramine T. Tib lub sijhawm. , nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb kom tsis txhob muaj xwm txheej.