Ethyl pyruvate, tseem hu ua - Ethyl ketopropionate, ethyl 2-oxopropionate, molecular mis C5H8O3. Cov kua tsis muaj xim, me ntsis soluble hauv dej, miscible nrog ethanol thiab ether, tuaj yeem siv rau cov khoom noj xws li caramel, brandy, nplej wine, rum, chocolate, thiab lwm yam.
Ethyl pyruvate, uas nws cov mis molecular yog ch3cocooc2h5, tseem hu ua ethyl 2-oxo propionate, yog cov xim tsis muaj pob tshab ntawm chav tsev kub, nrog cov paj tshiab thiab qab zib thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo aroma, uas tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov ntsiab lus xws li Kua, citrus, qhob noom xim kasfes, thiab lwm yam Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev organic synthetic intermediate, uas yog dav siv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj (synthetic thiamine tshuaj), tshuaj tua kab (herbicides thiab thiamine fungicides tsim los ntawm DuPont), zaub mov (siv raws li preservatives, preservatives, thiab lwm yam. ), tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab lwm yam lag luam.
Ethyl pyruvate muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm inhibiting qhov tsim ntawm tyrosinase hauv daim tawv nqaij, yog li nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev tsim ntawm epidermal melanin thiab whiten ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Nws tuaj yeem muab ntxiv rau cov cua fresheners ua cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, uas tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov ammonia thiab methyl mercaptan hauv huab cua, thiab cov ntxhiab tsw tshiab thiab ntuj. Ethyl pyruvate muaj kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj heterocyclic. Nws yog ib qho irreplaceable raw khoom thiab intermediate nyob rau hauv lub synthesis ntawm tshuaj tua kab. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv synthesis ntawm fungicides thiab herbicides. Oxazolidone derivatives synthesized los ntawm ethyl pyruvate kuj yog ib tug zoo fungicide. Hauv 5.0 × 10-4 tuaj yeem cuam tshuam thiab tua cov fungi.
Pyruvic acid yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov tryptophan, phenylalanine, proteoglycan thiab vitamin B. Nws yog cov khoom siv raw rau biosynthesis ntawm L-dopa (DOPA yog siv los kho Parkinson tus kab mob). Nws yog tus pib ntawm ethylene polymer thiab cov khoom siv raw rau kev npaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob zoo heev tau tsim los ntawm pyruvic acid. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob muaj kev xaiv zoo heev, tshem tawm cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag xws li sedge thiab Setaria, thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb heev rau cov qoob loo. Raws li kev pub noj thiab khoom noj khoom haus ntxiv, nws muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm tshiab, thiab ib qho me me ntawm nws yog siv rau kev khaws cia pub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo wine hauv Suav teb. Ethyl pyruvate muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb tsw, uas yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv essence thiab fragrances. Nws kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb raw khoom rau hluavtaws resins thiab plastics. Acetone ester cov khoom siv kuj tseem siv tau los ua cov kuab tshuaj tshwj xeeb rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab qhov kev thov rau cov ntawv thov hauv cheeb tsam no tau nce sai heev rau txawv teb chaws.
Cov txheej txheem synthesis ntawm ethyl pyruvate feem ntau suav nrog:
(1) Nrog permanganate: Oxidation txoj kev nrog poov tshuaj tooj liab sulfate raws li catalyst: saturated poov tshuaj permanganate tov, lub teeb roj av ether, ethyl lactate phosphoric acid _ Sodium hydrogen - do, txias nrog dej khov da dej, ncuav roj av ether tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv , thiab distilled nyob rau hauv lub siab txo kom tau ethyl pyruvate nrog ib tug yield ntawm txog 50 feem pua. Txoj kev no muaj tus nqi siab, tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig, kev kho tom qab kev kho mob thiab kev ua qias tuaj ib puag ncig.
(2) Hlau complex catalysis txoj kev: nyob rau hauv huab cua los yog oxygen, lub complex tsim los ntawm hlau catalysts platinum, nyiaj, vanadium thiab alumina yog siv los ua tus catalyst rau react ntawm (190- 500) C kom tau ethyl pyruvate.
(3) Bromine catalytic method: siv hydrogen peroxide thiab sodium hypochlorite ua oxidants, bromine thiab sodium bromide ua catalysts, oxidize ethyl lactate los ua ke ethyl pyruvate, nrog yield ntawm 76 feem pua - 89 feem pua. Cov txheej txheem saum toj no tau sau tseg raws li ethyl lactate oxidation method. Vim tias cov ntsiab lus kub ntawm cov ethyl lactate nyoos thiab cov khoom ethyl pyruvate yog ze heev, nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm 1 C, nws nyuaj rau kev sib cais, thiab nws yog ib qho nyuaj kom tau txais cov khoom zoo.
(4) Organometallic reagent txoj kev 4: triethoxyacetonitrile yog yaj nyob rau hauv tetrahydrofuran kua, rhuab thiab refluxed, thiab ces cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib tov yog poured rau hauv cov sib tov ntawm crushed ice thiab hydrochloric acid kom tau ib tug organic txheej, uas yog distilled nyob rau hauv txo siab kom tau ethyl. pyruvate; Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm txoj kev no yog txwv los ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv raw.
Lub Hoobkas siv pyruvic acid thiab anhydrous ethanol ua raw khoom. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm dehydrating tus neeg saib xyuas, tas li lub cev qhuav dej ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv esterification tiav; Tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, ethyl pyruvate tau los ntawm distillation nyob rau hauv ib txwm siab thiab txo siab. Qhov sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog raws li nram no:
CH3COCOH plus CH3CH2OH → CH3COV2CH3ntxiv H2O
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv esterification ntawm ethanol thiab pyruvic acid belongs rau nucleophilic ntxiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, uas yog tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv acidic tej yam kev mob thiab yog reversible. Yog li ntawd, kev hloov pauv ntawm pyruvic acid tuaj yeem txhim kho los ntawm ethanol. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv qhov kev sim, nce tus nqi pub mis ntawm ethanol, azeotropic distillation lub cev qhuav dej ntawm ternary azeotropic sib tov ntawm dej, ethanol thiab dichloromethane, nce tus nqi pub mis ntawm ethanol, thiab tsis tu ncua steaming dej tib lub sij hawm los txhim kho cov yield ntawm ethyl pyruvate. . Cov kev sim ntawm cov qauv no tsis siab, kev ua haujlwm yog yooj yim, thiab cov kev xav sab nraud tsawg dua. Nws tuaj yeem paub txog kev tsim khoom lag luam.
Kev siv tseem ceeb ntawm ethyl pyruvate yog tsom rau hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab thiab kev kho mob kev tsim khoom, uas tsis yog tshwj xeeb ze ze rau peb lub neej txhua hnub, tab sis qee qhov khoom siv niaj hnub yuav siv cov khoom siv raw no. Txhua cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg muaj nws txoj kev khaws cia thiab kev siv tshwj xeeb, yog li koj tuaj yeem siv qee lub sijhawm so los kuaj thiab nkag siab. Cov khoom siv raw koom nrog hauv kev tsim khoom tuaj yeem xaiv cov tshuaj poov tshuaj permanganate thiab magnesium sulfate. Cov kauj ruam ntawm nplawm, dripping thiab txias tuaj yeem faib tau qhov tsim nyog ntawm ethyl pyruvate. Rau cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg uas koj tsis paub, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tiv tauj lawv nrog koj lub qhov ncauj thiab qhov ntswg, vim tias lawv yuav kis tau thiab corrosive rau koj cov tawv nqaij thiab cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev, yog li koj yuav tsum nyob deb ntawm kev nyab xeeb.