Hypophosphorous acidyog ib qho xim oily kua los yog deliquescent crystal, yooj yim soluble nyob rau hauv dej kub, ethanol, ether, soluble nyob rau hauv dej txias, muaj zog txo tus neeg sawv cev. Hypophosphite feem ntau yog npaj los ntawm sodium hypophosphite los ntawm ion exchange resin kho, adsorption, desorption, pom, evaporation thiab concentration. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov kab mob bactericidal, tus neeg sawv cev muaj zog rau lub paj hlwb, tus neeg saib xyuas kev kho mob rau cov hlau nto, thiab cov catalyst thiab hypophosphite rau kev tsim khoom. Thaum rhuab mus rau 130 ° C, nws yog decomposed rau hauv orthophosphoric acid thiab phosphine. Lub concentration ntawm hypophosphoric acid yog heev txwv vim yog cov tshuaj lom phosphine gas uas tsim los ntawm decomposition ntawm hypophosphoric acid.
Hypophosphorous acid yog siv raws li:
1. Nyob rau hauv cov organic chemistry, hypophosphoric acid yuav txo tau cov aromatic diazonium ntsev Ar-N2 ntxiv rau aromatic hydrocarbon Ar-H. Los ntawm kev sib txuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no nrog nitration ntawm aromatics, txo cov nitro pawg thiab diazotization cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, ib pawg amino tuaj yeem nkag mus rau lub nplhaib uas muaj ntxhiab ua ntej, thiab qee cov pab pawg tuaj yeem nkag mus rau qee txoj haujlwm ntawm lub nplhaib aromatic los ntawm kev tsim txiaj ntawm cov nyhuv hauv zos. ntawm cov amino pawg. Tom qab ntawd cov amino pawg raug tshem tawm los ntawm diazotization-txo.
2. Sodium hypophosphite hydrate yog siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev txo qis hauv kev lag luam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau electroless npib tsib xee plating ntawm hlau, tsis yog hlau thiab yas. Cov txheej txheej npib tsib xee feem ntau yog amorphous lossis xim hlau npib tsib xee uas muaj txog 10 feem pua phosphorus. Thaum rhuab, Ni3P tuaj yeem tsim tau los txhim kho lub hardness ntawm txheej. Ntxiv nrog rau hypophosphite, cov tshuaj plating kuj muaj cov nickel chloride (los yog npib tsib xee sulfate), lactic acid (tus neeg saib xyuas kev sib koom tes), malate los yog succinate (ua kom ceev deposition) thiab txhuas ntsev (stabilizer).
3. Hypophosphoric acid tuaj yeem txo iodine rau hydroiodic acid, thiab hydroiodic acid tuaj yeem txo ephedrine lossis pseudoephedrine rau methamphetamine, uas tseem hu ua methamphetamine. Yog li ntawd, hypophosphite/hypophosphite tau teev nyob rau hauv thawj qeb ntawm cov tshuaj precursor los ntawm Lub Tuam Txhab Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Kev Ncaj Ncees ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, thiab nws qhov kev yuav khoom thiab kev siv yog tswj nruj heev. Cov kev faib tawm thiab ntau cov npe ntawm cov tshuaj ua ntej hauv Suav teb tsis suav nrog hypophosphite thiab hypophosphite, tab sis "ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, racemic ephedrine, norephedrine, methylephedrine, ephedrine extract, ephedrine extract hmoov thiab lwm yam ephedrine tshuaj" tau teev tseg. Cov no tau muab faib ua thawj qeb ntawm cov tshuaj precursor thiab raug tswj nruj heev.
Tam sim no txoj kev concentration ntawm hypophosphoric acid:
1. Nqus distillation txoj kev: Vim yog cov yam ntxwv uas hypophosphoric acid yog yooj yim heev rau decompose thaum rhuab, nws cov cua kub kub yog heev txwv thaum lub sij hawm cov txheej txheem concentration, ua rau lub general concentration kub tsis siab tshaj 80 degree C. Cov dej hauv hypophosphoric acid yog. evaporated los ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev distillation. Thaum qhov kub thiab txias yog 80 ° C, nws tsuas tuaj yeem ua kom muaj zog txog li 90wt feem pua. Vim yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev yooj yim sublimation ntawm hypophosphoric acid, yog tias lub tshuab nqus tsev siab dhau lawm, qhov concentration ntawm hypophosphoric acid los ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev distillation yuav muaj qhov poob zoo.
2. Roj-dej separator azeotropic distillation txoj kev: siv roj-dej sib cais txoj kev kom mloog zoo hypophosphoric acid, uas yuav tsum tau concentrated mus txog 95wt feem pua ntawm 80 degree C, tab sis nws yog ib qho nyuaj heev kom mloog zoo rau ntau tshaj 95wt feem pua. Nws yuav siv sij hawm ntev heev kom tau txais cov concentration siab dua, thiab lub sijhawm cua sov ntawm hypophosphoric acid ntev dua, qhov txaus ntshai dua. Ntawm lawv, azeotropic distillation yog qhov nyuaj heev rau kev mloog zoo rau ntau dua 95wt feem pua, vim tias thaum tus nqi ntawm cov organic hnyav siv rau azeotropic distillation me me, qhov ntsuas kub yuav siab, uas tsis xav tau; Thaum cov organic solvent siv rau azeotropic distillation loj, cov organic hnyav tom qab condensation thiab reflux nyob rau hauv cov roj-dej separator yuav sib tov thiab yaj ib feem ntawm cov dej rov qab mus rau lub system, uas ua rau lub azeotropic distillation txoj kev yog heev nyuaj rau. concentrate hypophosphoric acid kom siab dua tom qab nws yog concentrated rau 95wt feem pua. Qhov kev tsim kho tseem cuam tshuam nrog kev siv cov roj-dej cais cov qauv hauv azeotropic distillation.
Txoj kev npaj ntawm hypophosphoric acid:
Noj 400. 3g ntawm 50wt feem pua hypophosphoric acid thiab 250mL ntawm cyclohexane, ntxiv rau lawv rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub raj mis nruab nrog ib tug roj-dej separator thiab condenser, sau cov roj-dej separator nrog cyclohexane, tshav kub thiab do nyob rau hauv nitrogen tiv thaiv kom txog thaum nws yog azeotropic. rau 4 xuab moos, thiab tso cov dej sib cais hauv qab ntawm cov roj-dej cais cov theem hauv nruab nrab; Ntxiv cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub raj mis rau cov kua qis 212 sib cais los ntawm kev sib cais funnel 1g, cov ntsiab lus acid titrated los ntawm acid-base titration yog 94 12wt feem pua ;
Noj 94.12wt feem pua hypophosphite 200 1 g thiab 200 mL methanol ntxiv rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub raj mis nruab nrog roj-dej separator thiab condenser, uas cov roj-dej separator thiab condenser yog nruab nrog cov khoom ruaj khov silica gel desiccant, thiab roj-dej separator yog ntim nrog methanol, rhuab thiab nplawm nyob rau hauv nitrogen tiv thaiv kom txog thaum azeotropic rau 4 teev; Muab cov tshuaj tso rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub raj mis rau ntawm cov evaporator teb ntawm 60 degree C, - 0 Concentrate nyob rau hauv lub siab txo rau 4 teev ntawm 098 KPa, txias rau chav tsev kub, thiab qhov cua kom tau txais 198 9g hypophosphoric acid; Cov ntsiab lus acid poob los ntawm acid-base titration yog 99 76wt feem pua ; Cov ntsiab lus ntawm hypophosphoric acid poob los ntawm oxidation-txo txoj kev yog 99 48wt feem pua, cov ntsiab lus phosphite yog 0 22wt feem pua.