Shaanxi BLOOM Tech Co., Ltd. yog ib qho ntawm cov tuam ntxhab thiab cov muag khoom ntawm nicotinamide riboside capsules hauv Suav teb. Txais tos rau cov lag luam wholesale bulk zoo nicotinamide riboside capsules rau muag ntawm no los ntawm peb lub hoobkas. Kev pabcuam zoo thiab tus nqi tsim nyog muaj.
Nicotinamide riboside capsulesyog ib qho kev noj haus ntxiv uas feem ntau tsim los ntawm nicotinamide riboside (NR) ua cov khoom xyaw nquag. Nws derivative ntawm vitamin B3 tuaj yeem hloov mus rau hauv NAD ⁺ - coenzyme tam sim no nyob rau hauv txhua lub hlwb uas ua haujlwm ua ib qho tseem ceeb coenzyme rau mitochondrial respiratory saw thiab txhawb ATP (lub zog txiaj) synthesis. Ua kom PARP (poly ADP ribose polymerase) enzyme los kho DNA puas. Nws tswj cov noob qhia thiab kev sib npaug ntawm metabolic los ntawm SIRT1-7 deacetylase tsev neeg. Nws tseem tuaj yeem tswj hwm lub xeev redox ntawm cov hlwb, txo cov dawb radical puas, thiab maj mam txo cov qib ntawm NAD ⁺ hauv tib neeg lub cev tom qab hnub nyoog 30 xyoo, uas cuam tshuam nrog cov kab mob metabolic, neurodegenerative disorders, thiab kev laus sai. Kev txhawb nqa NR yog suav tias yuav thim qhov kev hloov pauv no.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, peb lub tuam txhab tsis yog tsuas yog muab cov hmoov ntshiab, tab sis kuj muaj cov ntsiav tshuaj thiab tshuaj txhaj. Yog tias xav tau, thov koj xav tiv tauj peb txhua lub sijhawm.
Peb cov khoom
Lub plab microbiota nyob ntawm txoj kev rau kev hloov pauv ntawm Nicotinamide Riboside rau NAD +
Nicotinamide Riboside (NR), raws li ib tug tshiab precursor ntawm NAD ⁺, tau dhau los ua ib qho kev tshawb fawb hotspot nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm anti- laus, metabolic noj qab haus huv, thiab neuroprotection vim nws muaj peev xwm mus nce NAD ⁺ theem nyob rau hauv lub cev. Cov kev cai ib txwm saib yog li ntawdnicotinamide riboside tsiav tshuajNws yog absorbed los ntawm qhov ncauj thiab metabolized nyob rau hauv lub siab los tsim nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), uas yog ces ntxiv synthesized rau hauv NAD ⁺. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau pom tias lub plab microbiota ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev hloov pauv ntawm NR rau NAD ⁺, nrog cov txheej txheem metabolic uas cuam tshuam nrog cov kab mob microbial enzyme, hla hom metabolite pauv, thiab host microbiota co metabolic networks.
Kev sib raug zoo ntawm plab microbiota thiab NAD ⁺ metabolism
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev ntawm NAD ⁺ thiab hnub nyoog- cuam tshuam txog kev poob qis
NAD ⁺ yog ib qho tseem ceeb coenzyme koom nrog hauv cellular zog metabolism, kho DNA, tswj epigenetic, thiab redox tshuav nyiaj li cas. Raws li lub hnub nyoog nce, NAD ⁺ qib txo qis, ua rau mitochondrial tsis ua haujlwm, genomic instability, thiab muaj zog cov lus teb, uas ua rau cov kab mob metabolic, neurodegenerative ntshawv siab, thiab ceev aging. Ntxiv rau NAD ⁺ precursors (xws li NR, NMN, nicotinamide) tau pom tias thim rov qab NAD ⁺ deficiency, tab sis cov bioavailability thiab metabolic txoj kev ntawm cov precursors sib txawv.
Kev tswj cov nyhuv ntawm plab microbiota ntawm tus tswv NAD ⁺ metabolism
Lub plab microbiota cuam tshuam rau tus tswv tsev NAD ⁺ qib hauv cov hauv qab no:
Kev sib txuas ncaj qha ntawm NAD ⁺ precursors: Qee cov zej zog microbial, xws li lactobacilli thiab bifidobacteria, tuaj yeem siv cov khoom noj khoom haus los ua ke NR lossis NMN, uas nkag mus rau hauv lub tswv yim ncig los ntawm mucosal teeb meem.
Metabolizing party NAD ⁺ intermediates: Microbial enzymes (xws li nicotinamide ribokinase thiab NMN adenosyltransferase) tuaj yeem ua rau kev hloov pauv ntawm nicotinamide (Nam) lossis NR tawm los ntawm tus tswv tsev rau hauv NMN, uas yog tom qab ntawd nqus thiab siv los ntawm tus tswv tsev.
Kev tswj hwm tus tswv NAD ⁺ - noj cov enzymes: Microbial metabolites xws li luv saw fatty acids thiab tryptophan derivatives tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov kev ua ntawm PARP (poly ADP ribose polymerase) lossis CD38 (NAD ⁺ - glycoside hydrolase), txo {3} ⁺ noj.
Microbial dependency pov thawj ntawm NR metabolism
Cov kev sim tsiaj tau pom tias tom qab kev tswj hwm qhov ncauj ntawm NR, cov ntshav NAD ⁺ qib hauv cov kab mob tsis muaj kab mob (GF) cov nas muaj qis dua li cov nas hauv cov pa noj, thiab ntxiv nrog cov kab mob tshwj xeeb (xws li Lactobacillus acidophilus) tuaj yeem rov qab muaj peev xwm ntawm NAD ⁺ synthesis. Tsis tas li ntawd, dysbiosis ntawm microbiota (xws li kev kho tshuaj tua kab mob) tuaj yeem ua rau tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv - kev laus ntawm NR, qhia tias microbiota yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv NR metabolism.
Lub plab microbiota nyob ntawm txoj kev rau NR hloov mus rau NAD ⁺
Txoj Kev 1: Cov zej zog Microbial ncaj qha siv NR los ua ke NAD ⁺
Microbial NR uptake thiab thauj
Lub plab microbiota absorbs NR los ntawm kev thauj mus los (xws li ABC transporters) lossis passive diffusion. Piv txwv li, NrnA noob ntawm lactobacilli encodes NR transporters, uas tuaj yeem nqa NR los ntawm ib puag ncig zoo. Nws qhov kev sib raug zoo (Km ≈ 0.5 μ M) yog qhov siab dua li ntawm cov kab mob hauv plab hnyuv epithelial (Km ≈ 10 μ M), qhia tias microbiota muaj qhov zoo dua hauv NR kev sib tw nqus.
Microbial NR kinase pathway
NR feem ntau yog hloov mus rau NAD ⁺ los ntawm ob txoj hauv kev enzymatic hauv microbiota: qee qhov microbiota (xws li Bifidobacterium) nthuav qhia NRK, catalyzing phosphorylation ntawm NR rau NMN, thiab tom qab ntawd ua ke NAD ⁺ los ntawm NMN adenosyltransferase (NMNAT).
Txoj hauv kev no zoo ib yam nrog cov metabolism hauv cov tswv tsev, tab sis cov enzyme kev ua ntawm NRK hauv microbiota (Vmax ≈ 200 nmol / min / mg) yog peb npaug ntawm NRK hauv lub siab tus tswv tsev, qhia tias microbiota ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev hloov pauv sai ntawm NR.
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NamPT) pathway: A few bacterial populations (such as Escherichia coli) lack NRK, but NRK can be deamidated to nicotinamide ribosyl-5-phosphate (NaMN) through NamPT, and then synthesized into NAD ⁺ through multiple reactions. This pathway has low efficiency, but becomes the main metabolic pathway at extremely high NR concentrations (>1 mM).
Hla tus tswv siv cov kab mob NAD ⁺
NAD ⁺ synthesized los ntawm cov zej zog microbial tuaj yeem siv los ntawm cov tswv hauv ob txoj hauv kev:
Direct secretion: Qee cov kab mob hauv zej zog (xws li Lactobacillus acidophilus) encapsulate NAD ⁺ los ntawm cov txheej membrane sab nrauv (OMVs) thiab tso tawm mus rau hauv txoj hnyuv lumen. NAD ⁺ nkag mus rau hauv lub portal hlab ntsha ncig los ntawm Connexin 43 ib nrab channel ntawm plab hnyuv epithelial hlwb.
Metabolite pauv: Lub zej zog microbial degrades NAD ⁺ rau hauv NMN lossis NR, uas yog absorbed los ntawm tus tswv tsev los ntawm SLC5A8 transporter protein. Piv txwv li, tom qab ntxiv NR hauv cov nas tsis muaj menyuam, qhov tso tawm ntawm NMN hauv cov zis tau nce peb npaug, qhia txog kev koom tes ntawm cov zej zog microbial hauv kev rov ua dua tshiab.nicotinamide riboside tsiav tshuaj.
Txoj Kev 2: Microbial mediated host NR-NMN-NAD transformation
Tus tswv tsev NR nqus thiab hloov kho microbiota
Tom qab kev tswj hwm qhov ncauj ntawm NR, kwv yees li 60% ntawm cov koob tshuaj tau nqus los ntawm txoj hnyuv me, thiab qhov seem nkag mus rau hauv txoj hnyuv. Lub colonic microbiota hloov kho unabsorbed NR raws li hauv qab no:
Dephosphorylation: Cov kab mob phosphatases (xws li alkaline phosphatase) hydrolyze NR rau hauv nicotinamide (Nam) thiab ribose-1-phosphate (R1P), uas yog ntxiv absorbed los yog re synthesized los ntawm tus tswv tsev.
Glycosylation: Qee cov zej zog microbial (xws li Bacteroides) hloov NR rau hauv NR glucosides (NRG), uas nkag mus rau tus tswv tsev los ntawm GLUT2 transporter protein nyob rau hauv plab hnyuv mucosa thiab yog hydrolyzed los ntawm - glucosidase nyob rau hauv lub siab los ua ib tug "microbial party" metabolic voj voog.
Txoj Cai Tswj Hwm NMN Synthesis los ntawm Cov Zej Zog Microbial
Kev hloov pauv ntawm NR rau NMN los ntawm cov tswv tsev cell xav tau NRK catalysis, tab sis NRK qhia tau tswj hwm los ntawm microbial metabolites:
Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs): Butyrate upregulates host NRK1 qhia los ntawm activating GPR109A receptors, txhawb NR → NMN transformation. Tom qab cov nas tsis muaj menyuam tau ntxiv nrog butyrate, lub siab NRK1 mRNA qib nce 2 zaug thiab NAD ⁺ synthesis tus nqi nce 40%.
Tryptophan derivatives: Indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) uas tsim los ntawm cov kab mob metabolism ntawm tryptophan tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tus tswv tsev CD38 kev ua, txo NAD ⁺ noj, thiab tsis ncaj qha txhim kho NR siv efficiency.
Microbial party NMN pauv
NMN synthesized los ntawm cov zej zog microbial tuaj yeem nkag mus rau tus tswv tsev los ntawm cov hauv qab no:
Passive diffusion: NMN muaj qhov hnyav me me (334 Da) thiab tuaj yeem hla dhau qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm txoj hnyuv epithelial hlwb, tab sis txoj kev no tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig (kwv yees li 5% ntawm NMN yog absorbed).
Carrier mediated transport: Tus tswv tsev SLC12A8 transporter protein tuaj yeem siv tau zoo NMN (Km ≈ 50 μ M), thiab nws cov lus qhia tau tswj hwm los ntawm cov teeb liab microbial (xws li lipopolysaccharides). Kev qhia theem ntawm SLC12A8 hauv cov nas tsis muaj menyuam tsuas yog 30% ntawm cov nas hauv cov pa, thiab tuaj yeem rov qab mus rau qib qub tom qab ntxiv nrog lactobacilli.
Txoj Kev 3: NR voj voog nyob rau hauv microbiota host co metabolic network
Microbial tsav NR regeneration system
Tom qab tus tswv tsev siv NAD ⁺, nws cov khoom degradation (xws li Nam) yog ib feem tawm mus rau hauv txoj hnyuv thiab rov siv los ntawm microbiota.
Nam → NR voj voog: Cov kab mob hauv zej zog NamPT hloov Nam mus rau NaMN, uas tom qab ntawd ua ke NR los ntawm NaMN ribokinase (NMRK) thiab NMNAT, thiab rov qab mus rau lub voj voog tswv tsev. Lub voj voog no nce NR siv los ntawm 30% -50%.
R1P recycling: Lub zej zog microbial hloov R1P tsim los ntawm NR hydrolysis rau hauv ribose-5-phosphate (R5P), uas nkag mus rau pentose phosphate txoj kev (PPP) los tsim NADPH thiab nucleotides, txhawb microbial kev loj hlob thiab tiv thaiv antioxidant.
Microbial zej zog host metabolite hla tawm tswv yim
Cov khoom nruab nrab (xws li NMN, NaMN) tsim los ntawm cov kab mob metabolism ntawm NR tuaj yeem tawm tswv yim tswj hwm tus tswv NAD ⁺ synthase:
NMN inhibits NRK: High concentrations of NMN (>100 μ M) tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tus tswv tsev NRK kev ua haujlwm, txo NR → NMN hloov dua siab tshiab, txhawb nqa NR metabolism los ntawm NamPT txoj hauv kev, thiab tsim kom muaj qhov sib npaug sib npaug.
NaMN activates SIRT1: Lub NaMN synthesized los ntawm microbiota tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv plab hnyuv mucosa, qhib lub party SIRT1 deacetylase, txhawb PGC-1 kev qhia, txhim kho mitochondrial biogenesis, thiab tsim "metabolism epigenetics" zoo tswv yim voj.
Regulatory yam ntawm microbiota nyob ntawm NR metabolism
Microbial muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab kev ua haujlwm sib txawv
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov zej zog tseem ceeb microbial: Kev nplua nuj ntawm NR metabolism muaj feem xyuam nrog cov kab mob xws li lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, thiab lactobacilli muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo nrog tus tswv tsev NAD ⁺ qib. Piv txwv li, kev noj zaub mov NR siab tuaj yeem nce qhov feem pua ntawm NRK cov kab mob zoo hauv nas quav (los ntawm 12% mus rau 35%).
Kev ua haujlwm rov ua haujlwm ntawm cov zej zog microbial: Cov zej zog sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob microbial kom NR metabolic stability los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntxiv. Piv txwv li, thaum lactobacilli tsis txaus, bifidobacteria tuaj yeem them nyiaj NRK thiab tswj NAD ⁺ synthesis.
Synergistic teebmeem ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus
Khoom noj khoom haus fiber ntau: Soluble fiber (xws li inulin) yog fermented los ntawm microbial cov zej zog los tsim SCFAs, uas upregulate party NRK1 qhia thiab txhawb cov proliferation ntawm NR absorbing kab mob (xws li bifidobacteria), synergistically nce NAD ⁺ qib.
Cov tshuaj polyphenolic xws li resveratrol thiab quercetin tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov kev ua ntawm cov kab mob NamPT, txo Nam noj, txhawb ntau NR kom nkag mus rau NMN synthesis txoj hauv kev, thiab txhim kho NR siv efficiency.
Kev cuam tshuam ntawm tus tswv tsev Physiological Status
Hnub nyoog: Kev sib txawv ntawm plab microbiota hauv cov neeg laus txo qis, thiab kev nplua nuj ntawmnicotinamide riboside tsiav tshuajCov kab mob metabolic (xws li Lactobacillus acidophilus) txo qis dua 50%, ua rau txo qis hauv NR bioavailability. Ntxiv probiotics tuaj yeem rov ua haujlwm ntawm microbiota ib nrab.
Cov xwm txheej ntawm tus kab mob: cov nroj tsuag ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj kab mob metabolic xws li kev rog thiab ntshav qab zib yog qhov ua haujlwm tsis zoo, thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm NR → NMN yog txo los ntawm 30%. Kev txhaj tshuaj ntau dua ntawm NR yuav tsum ua kom tiav tib yam NAD + kev txhawb nqa.
Cov kev lag luam tseem ceeb thiab cov chaw kuaj mob vam khom Vorbrüggen glycosylation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los tsim cov tshuaj lom neeg lom neeg -anomer. Siv tetra-O-acetyl- -D-ribofuranose thiab nicotinamide ua cov ntaub ntawv pib, condensation tshwm sim nyob rau hauv catalysis los ntawm trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf) kom tau txais cov triacetyl- tiv thaiv intermediateinamide.
Stereoselectivity nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog ua tiav los ntawm cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig kev koom tes, nyiam tsim cov -anomer tseem ceeb rau kev lom zem. Tom qab deacetylation yog ua nyob rau hauv qhov qis -kub anhydrous methanolic ammonia system; low-kub tej yam kev mob tiv thaiv degradation los ntawm glycosidic bond cleavage.
Cov khoom nyoos yog purified los ntawm thim rov qab -theem chromatography thiab recrystallization kom them taus siab -purity -NR ntsev. Lwm txoj hauv kev sib xyaw me me suav nrog kev sib xyaw ntawm Zincke ntsev nrog aminoribose, tab sis nws raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov txheej txheem cumbersome thiab tsis zoo scalability.
Lub glycosidic daim ntawv cog lus nyob rau hauv NR molecule qhia qhov tsis muaj zog stability. Kev tswj nruj dua qhov kub thiab dej cov ntsiab lus thoob plaws hauv tag nrho cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau txo qis kev tsim ntawm cov khoom siv nicotinamide.
FAQ
1. Dab tsi yog nicotinamide riboside?
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Nicotinamide riboside (NR) yog ib qho tshwm sim ntawm cov vitamin B3, ua tus thawj coj ntawm nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD +). NAD + yog ib qho tseem ceeb coenzyme tseem ceeb rau cellular zog metabolism thiab tswj kev noj qab haus huv.
2. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev noj tshuaj nicotinamide riboside yog dab tsi?
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Los ntawm kev nce qib ntawm NAD + hauv lub cev, nicotinamide riboside lub hom phiaj los txhawb kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tes thiab kho, txhawb kev tsim hluav taws xob, thiab pab tswj cov txheej txheem kev laus noj qab haus huv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tag nrho.
3. Yuav ua li cas coj kom raug?
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Nws yog feem ntau pom zoo kom coj nws nrog zaub mov kom txhim khu kev nqus. Cov koob tshuaj tshwj xeeb txhua hnub yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov lus qhia ntawm cov khoom ntim khoom lossis sab laj nrog kws tshaj lij cov lus qhia. Thiab coj nws tsis tu ncua los txhawb nws cov txiaj ntsig zoo.
Cim npe nrov: nicotinamide riboside capsules, lwm tus neeg, manufacturers, hoobkas, lag luam wholesale, yuav, nqe, tej, kev muag khoom