Carbazochrome, daim ntawv ntau yog carbacol hmoov, xim yog hmoov liab, me ntsis soluble nyob rau hauv dej thiab ethanol, insoluble nyob rau hauv ether thiab chloroform. Nws cov sodium salicylate yog txiv kab ntxwv hmoov, melting point 196 - 197.5℃(decomposition), solubility nyob rau hauv dej ntawm 25 degree, 0.61mg / ml, insoluble nyob rau hauv ether thiab chloroform, thiab pH nqi ntawm 10% aqueous tov yog 6.7 -7.3. Nws tuaj yeem txhawb kev cog lus ntawm capillaries, txo cov permeability ntawm capillaries, txhawb kev thim rov qab ntawm cov hlab ntsha tawg, thiab ua lub luag haujlwm hauv hemostasis. Sodium aminourea salicylate, cov khoom oxidation ntawm adrenaline, tsis muaj cov nyhuv zoo li adrenaline, yog li nws tsis cuam tshuam rau cov ntshav siab thiab lub plawv dhia, tab sis tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov tsis kam ntawm capillaries rau kev raug mob, stabilize acidic mucopolysaccharide hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab cov ntaub so ntswg ib puag ncig, txo cov permeability ntawm capillaries, txhim khu cov contraction ntawm puas capillaries, thiab lub sij hawm luv luv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov synthesis thiab tso tawm ntawm prostaglandin E (PCE), thiaj li txo cov capillary permeability thiab tiv thaiv exudation ntawm thermogenic tshuaj.
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Tshuaj Formula |
C23H26N2O3 |
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Exact Mass |
378 |
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Molecular Luj |
378 |
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m/z |
378 (100.0%), 379 (24.9%), 380 (2.7%) |
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Elemental Analysis |
C, 72.99; H, 6.92; N, 7.40; O, 12.68 |
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Melting point 104-105℃C (hloov: ethyl acetate (141-78-6); hexane (110-54-}3)), Boiling point 553.1 ± 50.0℃C (kwv yees 1.8 g / ± 1.3 cm) (predicted), Daim ntawv: tawm dawb khoom, Acidity coefficient (PKA) 7.07 ± 0.10 (kwv yees). Qhov ceev 1.2 ± 0.1 g / cm3, Molecular mis C23H26N2O3, molecular hnyav peb puas thiab xya caum - yim taw tes plaub rau-plaub, flash point 288.3 ± 30.1 degree, Precise quality peb puas thiab xya caum-yim taw tes ib cuaj plaub peb peb xoom xoom PSA rau caum-zero-zero, PSA forty-zero point. rau-ob, Vapor siab 0.0 ± 1.5 mmHg ntawm 25 degree, Refractive index ib point rau xoom peb.
Carbazochrome, tseem hu ua anluo ntshav los yog antinoxin, yog ib qho adrenal pigment derivative tshuaj uas exerts hemostatic los ntawm kev txhim kho capillary stability thiab txo permeability. Nws cov ntsiab lus tshuaj yog cov khoom oxidation ntawm adrenaline - sodium ntsev ntawm urea salicylate ntawm adrenal pigment, uas tsis cuam tshuam rau ntshav siab thiab lub plawv dhia vim nws tsis muaj adrenaline zoo li cov teebmeem.
Kev siv tseem ceeb yog los kho cov kab mob hemorrhagic tshwm sim los ntawm capillary puas lossis permeability txawv txav, thiab nws cov lus qhia npog ntau lub tshuab:
1. Qhov muag los ntshav
Retinal hemorrhage: feem ntau hauv ntshav qab zib retinopathy, hypertensive retinopathy lossis raug mob. Los ntawm kev txo cov permeability ntawm retinal capillaries, txo exudation, thiab txhawb los ntshav haum. Piv txwv li, hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib retinopathy, kev siv cov carbabacillon ua ke nrog kev kho laser tuaj yeem txo lub sijhawm nqus los ntshav los ntawm kwv yees li 30%.
Conjunctival hemorrhage: Kev tawg ntawm cov hlab ntsha me hauv cov hlab ntsha uas tshwm sim los ntawm hnoos hnyav, ntuav, lossis raug mob tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntshav txhaws thiab txo cov tsos mob ntawm qhov muag pom.
2. Ua pa los ntshav
Nasal los ntshav (nosebleeds): Rau cov ntshav rov tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub anterior qis ntawm qhov ntswg septum (xws li me me cheeb tsam los ntshav), Cabaclovir tuaj yeem txo qhov zaus ntawm los ntshav. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb tswj nrog 200 tus neeg mob tau pom tias tom qab siv cov ntsiav tshuaj Cabaclovir tas li (5mg / hnub) rau 4 lub lis piam, qhov rov tshwm sim ntawm qhov ntswg qhov ntswg txo los ntawm 65% mus rau 28%.
Hemoptysis: Haum rau me me hemoptysis tshwm sim los ntawm bronchiectasis, tuberculosis lossis mob ntsws cancer (hnub hemoptysis ntim<100ml). Carbazochrome reduces exudation by constricting bronchial mucosal capillaries, but should be avoided for massive hemoptysis (daily hemoptysis>500ml) raws li nws yuav npog qhov kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob.
3. plab hnyuv los ntshav
Los ntshav: gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, gastritis, los yog esophageal variceal rupture los ntshav. Kabakluo feem ntau yog siv los ua cov tshuaj pabcuam hemostatic, ua ke nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv proton twj tso kua mis (xws li omeprazole), uas tuaj yeem txo lub sijhawm hemostasis.
Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj gastric ulcer los ntshav, pab pawg neeg kho mob ua ke ua tiav 24-teev hemostasis tus nqi ntawm 85%, ho siab dua cov proton twj tso kua mis inhibitor pawg ib leeg (65%).
Hemorrhoid los ntshav: Rau cov ntshav los ntawm qhov quav los ntawm cov hemorrhoids sab hauv lossis cov hemorrhoids sib xyaw, Kabakluo suppository (muaj 10mg Kabakluo) tuaj yeem ua ncaj qha rau ntawm qhov quav mucosa kom txo tau cov ntshav. Cov ntaub ntawv kho mob qhia tau hais tias tom qab siv tas li rau 7 hnub, qhov ua tiav ntawm cov tsos mob los ntshav ntawm qhov quav mus txog 72%.
4. tso zis los ntshav
Hematuria: Feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv glomerulonephritis, kab mob urinary, los yog pob zeb raug mob. Los ntawm kev txo cov permeability ntawm glomerular capillaries, cov ntshav liab to yog txo. Kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov neeg mob uas mob glomerulonephritis tau pom tias tom qab siv Kabakluo txhaj tshuaj (10mg / hnub) rau 2 lub lis piam, qhov kev txhim kho ntawm hematuria (los ntawm +++ mus rau ++) yog 68%.
5. Kev ua me nyuam los ntshav
Uterine los ntshav: suav nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev menyuam, los ntshav tom qab yug menyuam, lossis los ntshav txawv txav tom qab tso cov khoom siv hauv tsev menyuam. Yuav txhim khu uterine smooth nqaij contraction thiab txhawb vascular kaw.
Piv txwv li, hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev menyuam los ntshav, kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm Kabakluo ntsiav tshuaj (5mg / hnub) thiab progesterone tuaj yeem txo lub sijhawm los ntshav (los ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm 9 hnub mus rau 5 hnub).
6. Lwm yam los ntshav
Idiopathic purpura: cov kab mob hemorrhagic uas ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov hlab ntsha, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov tsim ntawm daim tawv nqaij petechiae thiab ecchymoses.
Cerebral hemorrhage (cerebral hemorrhage): Tsuas yog tsim nyog rau kev kho mob me me ntawm cerebral parenchymal hemorrhage los yog subarachnoid hemorrhage, los ntawm kev txo qis cerebral capillary permeability thiab alleviating cerebral edema, tab sis nruj saib xyuas cov ntshav siab yog tsim nyog kom tsis txhob intracranial siab.
Cov nyhuv hemostatic yog ua tiav los ntawm cov txheej txheem hauv qab no:
1. Txhim kho capillary tsis kam
Nws tuaj yeem txhim kho cov kua qaub mucopolysaccharides (xws li hyaluronic acid) hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab cov ntaub so ntswg ib puag ncig, tiv thaiv lawv cov degradation, yog li pab txhawb kev tiv thaiv ntawm capillaries kom puas thiab txo txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg.
2. Txo cov capillary permeability
Los ntawm inhibiting lub synthesis thiab tso tawm ntawm prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), vascular kua to yuav txo tau thiab cov ntaub so ntswg edema yuav txo tau. Piv txwv li, hauv cov qauv mob, cabaclovir tuaj yeem txo cov capillary permeability los ntawm 40-60%.
3. Txhawb nqa cov hlab ntsha puas
Nws tuaj yeem txhim kho cov nyhuv retraction ntawm cov hlab ntsha tawg, ua rau nws nyuaj rau cov ntshav txhaws kom poob ntawm lub raj phab ntsa, yog li ua kom lub sijhawm hemostasis luv. Cov kev sim tsiaj tau pom tias nws tuaj yeem txo lub sij hawm sib cog lus ntawm cov hlab ntsha los ntawm 50%.
4. Inhibition ntawm hyaluronidase (hyaluronidase)
Hyaluronidase tuaj yeem rhuav tshem hyaluronic acid thiab nce vascular permeability. Kabakluo txuas ntxiv txhim kho vascular barrier muaj nuj nqi los ntawm inhibiting cov haujlwm ntawm cov enzyme no.
Peb yog cov chaw tsim khoomCarbazochrome.
Lus Cim: BLOOM TECH (Txij li xyoo 2008), ACHIEVE CHEM-TECH yog peb lub koom haum ntawm peb.
Cov hauv qab no yog ib qho luv luv lub chaw soj nstuam cov txheej txheem rau Carbazochrom:
C4H6N2+NWS2+H+→ C4H4N3O3+ Na+
- Noj 3,4-dihydropyrimidine thiab sodium nitrite (NaNO2) thiab ua raws li cov kua qaub.
-Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, siv cov kua qaub uas tsim nyog, xws li dilute sulfuric acid (H2SO4) lossis hydrochloric acid (HCl).
-Tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav, 3-nitro-4-hydroxypyrimidine cov khoom tau txais los ntawm crystallization lossis lwm txoj hauv kev ua kom huv.
C4H4N3O3+C6H5NH2+ Na2CO3 → C10H8N4O3+H2O + CO2
-Amino cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm 3-nitro-4-hydroxypyrimidine nrog aniline nyob rau hauv alkaline tej yam kev mob.
-Nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) los yog ammonia dej (NH3 · H2O) yuav siv tau raws li ib tug alkaline nruab nrab.
-Tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav lawm, 3-nitro-4- (anilino) pyrimidine cov khoom tau txais los ntawm crystallization lossis lwm txoj kev ua kom huv.
C10H8N4O3+H2YOG4+ HNO3→ Carbazochrom
-Nitrate 3-nitro-4- (anilino) pyrimidine hauv kev sib xyaw ntawm sulfuric acid thiab nitric acid.
-Thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, siv cov concentrated sulfuric acid thiab concentrated nitric acid, thiab xyuam xim rau qhov kub thiab txias thiab lub sij hawm tswj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
-Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nitration tsim cov khoom ua ntej ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw.
Carbazochrom precursor compound + txo tus neeg sawv cev + H2O → Carbazochrom + byproduct
- Siv cov tshuaj txo kom tsim nyog, xws li sodium bisulfite lossis sodium sulfite, txhawm rau txo nws cov tshuaj ua ntej.
-Cov kev mob tshwm sim thiab cov txheej txheem raug txiav txim raws li cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb thiab cov ntaub ntawv.
-Thaum kawg, tau txais cov khoom ntshiab ntawm cov khoom los ntawm crystallization lossis lwm txoj kev ua kom huv.
Cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj no yog dab tsi?
- Salicylic acid zoo li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: Vim muaj sodium salicylate hauv Carbazochrom, salicylic acid zoo li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum siv ntau ntau, tshwm sim xws li xeev siab, ntuav, kiv taub hau, tinnitus, thiab tsis pom kev.
- Qhov cuam tshuam rau cov neeg mob qaug dab peg: Qhov sib xyaw no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov txawv txav ntawm electroencephalogram, yog li cov neeg mob qaug dab peg yuav tsum tau ceev faj thaum siv nws thiab yuav tsum tau kho cov phiaj xwm tshuaj raws li tus kws kho mob qhia.
- Mob ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj: Thaum txhaj cov tshuaj no intramuscularly, tej zaum yuav muaj mob ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj.
- Kev puas siab puas ntsws: Lub sij hawm ntev los yog siv ntau dhau kuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws xws li chim siab, ntxhov siab, thiab lwm yam.
- Lwm yam kev phiv tshwm sim: Qee cov neeg mob yuav muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj xws li pob khaus, khaus, thiab lwm yam tom qab siv cov tshuaj no. Tsis tas li ntawd, tej zaum yuav muaj lwm yam kev mob tshwm sim tsis paub, yog li nws yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas tus neeg mob cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum siv.
Dab tsi yog contraindications ntawm no compound?
Kev tsis haum tshuaj:Cov neeg mob uas ua xua rau cov khoom uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj no yog txwv tsis pub siv nws. Cov neeg mob no yuav muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj loj xws li pob khaus, khaus, thiab ua pa nyuaj tom qab siv, thiab tej zaum yuav ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lub neej.
Thrombosis nyiam:Cov neeg mob uas muaj thrombosis yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom no nrog ceev faj. Vim tias nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm coagulation thiab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav txhaws. Hom kab mob no feem ntau suav nrog cov tib neeg uas muaj kab mob plawv xws li hyperlipidemia thiab kab mob plawv.
Cov pejxeem tshwj xeeb:
Cov poj niam cev xeeb tub:
Vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom no rau tus menyuam hauv plab, cov poj niam cev xeeb tub yuav tsum siv cov tshuaj no nrog ceev faj. Yog tias cov poj niam cev xeeb tub yuav tsum siv cov tshuaj hemostatic, lawv yuav tsum ua raws li kev qhia ntawm tus kws kho mob.
Cov poj niam pub niam mis
Tej zaum nws yuav muaj teebmeem rau menyuam mos los ntawm kev tso kua mis. Yog li ntawd, cov poj niam cev xeeb tub yuav tsum tsis txhob pub mis niam lossis xaiv lwm yam tshuaj uas tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau tus menyuam thaum siv lawv.
Cov neeg mob hypertensive:Thaum qhov xwm txheej tsis tau tswj tau zoo, qhov sib xyaw no yuav tsum tau siv nrog ceev faj. Vim tias nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov ntshav siab, ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov ntshav siab thiab ua rau tus mob hnyav dua.
Cov neeg mob uas muaj kab mob plawv thiab cerebrovascular hnyav, xws li mob plawv mob hnyav, cerebral infarction, thiab lwm yam, yuav tsum siv ceev faj. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plawv thiab lub paj hlwb ntawm cov neeg mob no tau ua tsis taus, thiab kev siv cov khoom no tuaj yeem ua rau tus mob hnyav dua lossis ua rau lwm yam teeb meem.
Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj:Cov neeg mob uas tam sim no siv lwm yam tshuaj uas yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm coagulation, xws li warfarin, aspirin, thiab lwm yam, yuav tsum ceev faj thaum siv lawv. Vim tias cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom sib xyaw, cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm coagulation thiab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo los ntshav.
Cov tshuaj no txawv li cas los ntawm lwm cov tshuaj hemostatic?
Piv nrog rau lwm cov tshuaj hemostatic,Carbazochromemuaj cov yam ntxwv sib txawv hauv qab no:
Mechanism ntawm kev ua
- Cov tshuaj no txhim kho cov kev tiv thaiv ntawm capillaries rau kev puas tsuaj thiab inhibits synthesis thiab tso tawm ntawm prostaglandin E1, txo capillary permeability thiab txo lub sij hawm los ntshav.
- Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua yog txawv ntawm lwm yam tshuaj xws li tranexamic acid (uas sib tw tiv thaiv fibrinogen los ntawm adsorbing mus rau fibrin, inhibiting zus tau tej cov plasmin thiab txhawb coagulation) los yog phenethylamine (uas ua hauj lwm los ntawm kev txhawb cov txheej txheem coagulation, nce platelet aggregation thiab adhesion nyob rau hauv cov ntshav).
Qhov taw qhia
- Cov tshuaj no feem ntau siv los ntshav los ntawm kev nce capillary permeability, xws li idiopathic purpura, retinal hemorrhage, chronic pulmonary hemorrhage, gastrointestinal bleeds, nosebleeds, hemoptysis, hematuria, hemorrhoidal bleeding, uterine hemorrhage, thiab lwm yam.
- Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv fibrinolytic xws li tranexamic acid thiab aminotoluene acid (tsuas yog siv rau ntau yam los ntshav los ntawm kev mob hnyav los yog mob ntev, hauv cheeb tsam lossis cov kab mob thawj zaug fibrinolysis hyperactivity).
Kev mob tshwm sim
- Cov tshuaj no muaj cov tshuaj toxicity tsawg, tab sis yuav tsum tsis txhob siv ntau vim nws tuaj yeem ua rau qaug dab peg thiab mob hlwb.
- Piv nrog rau cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm lwm cov tshuaj xws li tranexamic acid (uas yuav ua rau mob taub hau, kiv taub hau, xeev siab, ntuav, thiab lwm yam kev cuam tshuam), nws cov kev mob tshwm sim tshwj xeeb dua.
Kev siv thiab ntau npaum li cas
- Qhov ntau npaum ntawm cov tshuaj no yog 5-10 mg bid / tid im; Los ntshav hnyav 10-20 mg q2 ~ 4h im.
- Muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm kev siv thiab ntau npaum li cas piv rau lwm cov tshuaj xws li tranexamic acid (qhov ncauj lossis qhov tso quav).
Cim npe nrov: Carbazochrome cas 69-81-8, lwm tus neeg, manufacturers, hoobkas, lag luam wholesale, yuav, nqe, tej, kev muag khoom