Hydrocortisone hmoovyog ib tug dawb mus tawm - dawb crystalline hmoov los yog crystalline hmoov. Nws cov tsos txawv txawv nrog ntau hom tshuaj, xws li ntsiav tshuaj, txhaj tshuaj, tshuaj pleev ib ce, thiab lwm yam. Nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj ammonia concentrated nrog ib tug pH nqi ntawm 8-9, Hydrocortisone muaj ib tug tsis muaj zog ntshav fluorescence. Solubility nyob rau hauv dej yog tsawg, tab sis nws yuav yaj nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov organic solvents, xws li acetone, ethanol, chloroform, dimethyl sulfoxide, isopropanol, thiab lwm yam. Nws yog ib tug hormone lawm tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub adrenal cortex thiab muaj ib tug tseem ceeb physiological functions nyob rau hauv biology. Nws yog ib qho ruaj khov nyob rau hauv tsis muaj zog acidic tej yam kev mob, tab sis nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus degrade thiab poob nyob rau hauv alkaline tej yam kev mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox, lub teeb hluav taws xob, tshav kub thiab lwm yam tseem yuav cuam tshuam rau nws txoj kev ruaj ntseg. Yog li ntawd, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem ntau dhau ntawm lub teeb, qhov kub thiab txias, qhov chaw ntub dej, thiab lwm yam thaum khaws cia thiab siv. Peb cov khoom lag luam yog Shaanxi Chuzhan Chemical. Cov khoom lag luam raws li cov tshuaj, Hydrocortisone, yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm ntau yam inflammatory, allergic thiab tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab lwm yam.
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Tshuaj Formula |
C21H30O5 |
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Exact Mass |
362 |
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Molecular Luj |
362 |
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m/z |
362 (100.0%), 363 (22.7%), 364 (2.5%), 364 (1.0%) |
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Elemental Analysis |
C, 69.59; H, 8.34; O, 22.07 |
Hydrocortisone hmoovyog ib qho tshuaj hormone tseem ceeb nrog ntau yam kev siv tshuaj kho mob.
1. Anti-cov nyhuv inflammatory:
Hydrocortisone muaj zog los tiv thaiv - cov nyhuv inflammatory, tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev mob thiab tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab txo cov tsos mob, xws li liab, mob, kub taub hau, thiab lwm yam. Nws ua haujlwm los ntawm kev tswj cov kev hloov pauv hauv cov hlwb, thaiv cov kab mob inflammatory, inhibiting zus tau tej cov cytokines, txo infiltrating hlwb thiab neutrophils nyob rau hauv lub extracellular matrix lub hom phiaj. anti- mob. Cov tshuaj feem ntau yog siv los kho mob hawb pob, urticaria, ua xua rhinitis, hu rau dermatitis thiab lwm yam kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua xua.
3. Lwm txoj kev kho mob:
Hydrocortisone kuj muaj ntau yam kev siv nyob rau hauv endocrine system, metabolism thiab electrolyte tshuav nyiaj li cas. Hydrocortisone tuaj yeem ua lwm txoj kev kho mob thaum lub cev tus kheej cov tshuaj hormones adrenocortical tsis txaus. Cov tshuaj tuaj yeem rov ua haujlwm ntawm adrenal cortex, txhawb cov metabolism hauv qab zib, rog thiab protein, thiab tswj qhov sib npaug ntawm dej thiab electrolytes. Nws yog feem ntau siv rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm adrenal insufficiency, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia thiab lwm yam kab mob.
5. Immunosuppressive nyhuv:
Ntxiv nrog rau kev tawm tsam ntawm cov lus teb inflammatory, Hydrocortisone kuj muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Nws tuaj yeem txo qis kev tsim cov cytokines, txo cov kab mob hauv lub cev, thiab inhibit cell- cov lus teb tiv thaiv kab mob, yog li ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Hydrocortisone feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv nruab nrog cev, kab mob autoimmune, qog malignant, thiab lwm yam.
6. Kev kho mob:
Ntxiv nrog rau nws txoj kev tiv thaiv kab mob dav dav, tiv thaiv - mob thiab lwm yam kev kho mob, Hydrocortisone muaj ntau cov tsos mob tshwm sim. Piv txwv li, nws tuaj yeem siv los txo cov kab mob hauv plab uas tshwm sim los ntawm ulcerative colitis thiab Crohn tus kab mob; rau kev kho mob ntawm qhov mob thiab o- kab mob ntsig txog xws li mob ntshav qab zib neuropathy thiab mob caj dab rheumatoid; rau kev kho mob ntawm qee qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev kho mob qog noj ntshav tos.
7. Daim ntawv thov Dermatology:
Hydrocortisone kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev kho mob dermatology. Nws tuaj yeem txo cov tawv nqaij o thiab ua xua, txhawb kev kho cov ntaub so ntswg subcutaneous, thiab txo cov tawv nqaij khaus thiab edema los ntawm kev siv tshuaj pleev ib ce. Cov tshuaj no feem ntau siv los kho cov mob xws li hu rau dermatitis, psoriasis, thiab eczema.
8. Antitoxin nyhuv:
Hydrocortisone thiab lwm yam glucocorticoids tuaj yeem txhim kho lub cev qhov kev ntxhov siab rau kev tsim kev puas tsuaj, txo qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov kab mob endotoxins rau lub cev, txo cov tsos mob ntawm toxemia, thiab muaj kub taub hau txo qhov ua rau kub taub hau los ntawm cov kab mob toxemia. Cov txheej txheem antipyretic tej zaum yuav cuam tshuam nrog nws inhibition ntawm lub hauv paus teb ntawm lub cev kub rau pyrogens, stabilization ntawm lysosomal daim nyias nyias, thiab txo cov endogenous pyrogen tso tawm.
9. Anti shock effect:
Hydrocortisone thiab lwm yam glucocorticoids muaj cov nyhuv antagonistic rau kev poob siab, hypovolemic shock, thiab cardiogenic poob siab. Cov nyhuv anti shock muaj feem xyuam rau cov hauv qab no:
(1) Txhim kho cov hlab ntsha spasmodic thiab txhawb lub plawv, txhim kho lub plawv contractility;
(2) Inhibiting zus tau tej cov inflammatory yam, txo cov kab mob inflammatory teb syndrome thiab cov ntaub so ntswg puas, restores ib txwm microcirculation hemodynamics, thiab txhim kho lub xeev poob siab;
(3) Stabilize lysosomal membrane thiab txo qhov tsim ntawm myocardial inhibitory yam;
(4) Txhim kho lub cev kam rau cov kab mob endotoxins.
10. Cov teebmeem ntawm cov metabolism:
(1) Los ntawm kev txhawb nqa gluconeogenesis, txo qis cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav, thiab txo qis kev siv cov piam thaj los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg hauv lub cev, daim siab glycogen tuaj yeem nce ntxiv thiab cov ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem nce ntxiv;
(2) Txhim kho cov protein catabolism, nce excretion ntawm serum amino acids thiab tso zis nitrogen, thiab tsim tsis zoo nitrogen tshuav nyiaj li cas. Ntxiv mus, cov koob tshuaj ntau kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov protein synthesis;
(3) Nws tuaj yeem nce cov roj cholesterol hauv cov ntshav, ua kom cov esterases nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij ntawm cov ceg tawv, txhawb kev tawg ntawm cov rog subcutaneous, thiab rov faib nws mus rau lub ntsej muag, lub hauv siab, caj dab, nraub qaum, plab, thiab pob tw, tsim kev rog rog;
(4) Hydrocortisone muaj qee yam mineralocorticoid zoo li cov nyhuv, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho sodium ion reabsorption thiab tshem tawm cov poov tshuaj, calcium, thiab phosphorus.
11. Cov teebmeem ntawm cov ntshav thiab hematopoietic system:
Nws tuaj yeem txhawb kev ua haujlwm hematopoietic ntawm cov pob txha pob txha, nce cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov qe ntshav liab thiab hemoglobin, thiab cov koob tshuaj ntau yuav ua rau cov platelet suav thiab fibrinogen concentration, txo lub sijhawm coagulation. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem txo eosinophils thiab lymphocytes hauv cov ntshav.
Lwm yam: Nws tuaj yeem txo cov kab mob pathological hyperplasia ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg, txhim kho qhov excitability ntawm lub paj hlwb hauv nruab nrab, thiab txhawb kev tso tawm ntawm gastric acid thiab pepsin.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias txawm tias Hydrocortisone muaj ntau daim ntawv thov, nws kuj muaj qee qhov kev mob tshwm sim. Cov kev mob tshwm sim no suav nrog kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob thiab los ntshav, cuam tshuam rau cov ntshav qab zib thiab pob txha ntom ntom, plab rwj thiab plab hnyuv los ntshav, thiab lwm yam. Yog li ntawd, thaum siv Hydrocortisone, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua raws li tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia, thiab sim zam kev tsim txom thiab siv sij hawm ntev -.
1. Chemical synthesis:
1.1 Synthesis ntawm natural derivatives:
Hydrocortisone hmoovNws yog ib qho tshuaj hormones uas tau muab rho tawm los ntawm adrenal cortex. Tom qab ntawd, los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov qauv thiab cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov tshuaj hormones no, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tsim cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg los tsim cov Hydrocortisone thiab nws cov khoom siv hauv chav kuaj.
Nyob rau hauv txoj kev synthesis ntawm ntuj derivatives, cov kauj ruam hauv qab no yog suav nrog: Ua ntej, cortisol yog muab rho tawm los ntawm bovine adrenal cortex, thiab ces nws yog tov nrog benzoyl chloride nyob rau hauv sodium acetate thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog rhuab nyob rau hauv ib tug tov tov ntawm dej los tsim benzoic acid cortisol ester (Benzoylcortisone). Tom ntej no, cortisol benzoate txo kom tau Hydrocortisone.
1.2 Oxidation-txo synthesis:
Oxidation-txo synthesis yog ib txoj hauv kev siv rau kev sib txuas ntawm Hydrocortisone. Txoj kev no yog ua raws li cov qauv ntawm cortisol, thiab cov pab pawg ua haujlwm sib txawv tau nkag mus rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj los ua ke Hydrocortisone.
Hauv cov qauv no, 4-methyl-3-pentenone (4-Methyl-3-penten-2-one) yog thawj zaug nrog thiophenol (Phenol) thiab iodine (Iodine) hauv chloroform (Chloroform), Lub thiophenol condensate ntawm 4-methyl-3-pentenone tau npaj. Tom qab ntawd, qhov no condensate yog condensed nrog bromoalkanone (Dibromoalkanone) hauv toluene (Toluene) muab 16-bromo-4-methyl-3-pentenone. Tom qab ntawd, Hydrocortisone tau npaj los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm oxidation thiab txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
1.3 Synthetic intermediate method:
Synthetic intermediate method yog ib hom kev ua raws li cov khoom sib xws uas twb muaj lawm, tsim Hydrocortisone los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Txoj kev no muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm yooj yim thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv me me.
Hauv cov qauv no, 16-bromo-4-methyl-3-pentenoic acid propyl ester (16-Bromo-4-methyl -3-pentenoic acid propyl ester). Tom qab ntawd, qhov nruab nrab yog raug rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv xws li hydrogenation, txo qis, thiab oxidation los npaj Hydrocortisone.
2. Biosynthesis:
2.1 Microbiological txoj kev:
Lub biosynthesis ntawm Hydrocortisone feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov kab mob (xws li Actinomycetes) nyob rau hauv fermentation tej yam kev mob. Txoj kev no muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab thiab tus nqi qis.
Nyob rau hauv txoj kev microbial, 4-methyl-3-pentene-17-hydroxy-hydrocodone (4-Methyl-3-pentene-17-hydroxy-1,2-dihydro-3H-cyclopenta[a] phenanthren-1-one), thiab tom qab ntawd, nrog rau kev sib xyaw ua ke, ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv . Hydrocortisone.
2.2 Cell culture method:
Ntxiv nrog rau kev siv microbial fermentation los tsim Hydrocortisone, Hydrocortisone kuj tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm kab lis kev cai ntawm tes.
Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, adrenal cortical hlwb los yog lwm yam tshuaj hormones - tsim cov hlwb yog thawj xaiv, kab lis kev cai thiab manipulated los tsim Hydrocortisone nyob rau hauv vitro. Txoj kev no tuaj yeem paub txog kev hloov pauv thiab kev tswj hwm ntawm cov hlwb los ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis, thiab txhim kho kev tsim khoom thiab tawm los.
3. Semi-synthetic:
Semi-synthesis yog hais txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv qee cov pab pawg ua haujlwm hauv cov qauv molecular ntawm cov tshuaj hormones ntuj los ua cov tshuaj hydrocortisone thiab nws cov derivatives hauv chav kuaj.
Hauv txoj kev no, thawj zaug xaiv cov tshuaj hormones uas muaj cov qauv zoo sib xws (xws li 16-methylcortisone, thiab lwm yam), thiab tom qab ntawd tshem tawm lossis ntxiv cov pab pawg ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb los ntawm cov tshuaj sib txawv los tsim Hydrocortisone lossis nws cov derivatives.
Saum toj no:
Cov txheej txheem synthesis ntawmHydrocortisone hmoovsuav nrog tshuaj synthesis, biosynthesis thiab semi-synthesis. Ntawm lawv, tshuaj synthesis yog ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem ntxov tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau siv, thiab hydrocortisone yog synthesized los ntawm kev qhia cov pab pawg sib txawv. Biosynthesis feem ntau yog siv cov kab mob los tsim Hydrocortisone nyob rau hauv fermentation tej yam kev mob, uas muaj qhov zoo ntawm high efficiency thiab tsawg nqi. Semi-synthesis yog ib txoj hauv kev ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm Hydrocortisone thiab nws cov derivatives hauv chav kuaj siv qee cov pab pawg ua haujlwm hauv cov qauv molecular ntawm cov tshuaj hormones ntuj. Txij li Hydrocortisone muaj ntau yam kev siv tshuaj kho mob, cov txheej txheem sib txawv tuaj yeem xaiv tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
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Hydrocortisone, ib qho tshuaj hormonal uas nquag siv, tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tau siv ntau yam txuj ci. Muaj ntau txoj kev tshuaj xyuas hydrocortisone tau qhia hauv qab no:
HPLC yog lub siab - daws teeb meem, siab - cov txheej txheem sib cais rhiab heev uas siv rau hauv kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm Hydrocortisone. Cov txheej txheem cais cov tebchaw raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov theem nyob ruaj khov, thiab txiav txim siab cov ntsiab lus ntawm Hydrocortisone los ntawm kev kuaj pom nws qhov kev hloov pauv hauv theem mobile.
Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm HPLC tsom xam ntawm Hydrocortisone, ib tug kuj haum chromatographic kem thiab mobile theem feem ntau yog xaiv, sib cais thiab kuaj nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob, thiab lub ncov cheeb tsam los yog ncov qhov siab ntawm cov qauv yog tau, thiab ces muab piv nrog tus qauv nkhaus los yog siv cov khoom los xam cov ntsiab lus Hydrocortisone.
TLC yog cov txheej txheem sib cais raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm kev tsiv teb tsaws ceev ntawm cov tebchaw ntawm cov theem sib txawv, thiab nws kuj muaj qee yam kev siv rau kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm Hydrocortisone. Txoj kev no yog qhov yooj yim heev thiab muaj qhov rhiab heev, thiab feem ntau yog siv rau kev tswj xyuas ua ntej thiab tshuaj xyuas.
Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm TLC tsom xam ntawm Hydrocortisone, cov qauv feem ntau yog coated rau ib tug nyias - txheej silica gel phaj, sib cais raws li tsim nyog tej yam kev mob, thiab ces kuaj pom los ntawm ultraviolet lub teeb los yog lwm yam kev tshawb nrhiav kom tau cov ntaub ntawv xws li tus nqi Rf ntawm Hydrocortisone, uas yog muab piv nrog tus qauv nkhaus los yog tswj cov khoom sib piv, xam nws cov ntsiab lus.
GC yog ib qho txheej txheem uas siv cov roj theem raws li lub xov tooj ntawm tes los cais cov sib txuas los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm kev faib coefficients ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb, thiab tseem tuaj yeem siv rau kev tsom xam ntawm Hydrocortisone. Txoj kev no yog qhov rhiab heev, tab sis yuav tsum tau kho ua ntej rau cov qauv nrog cov tsis zoo volatility.
Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm GC tsom xam ntawm Hydrocortisone, tus qauv feem ntau yog pretreated, thiab ces sib cais thiab kuaj los ntawm GC kom tau lub ncov cheeb tsam los yog ncov siab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Hydrocortisone, thiab muab piv nrog tus qauv nkhaus los yog siv cov ntaub ntawv los xam nws cov ntsiab lus.
Cov txheej txheem tsom xam muaj xws li ntau yam txuj ci xws li infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet spectroscopy, thiab fluorescence spectroscopy, uas tuaj yeem siv rau kev pom zoo ntawm cov qauv thiab kev tsom xam ntau ntawmHydrocortisone hmoov. Cov txheej txheem no txheeb xyuas thiab txiav txim qhov zoo ntawm Hydrocortisone los ntawm kev kuaj pom cov cim spectral sib txawv raws li kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov qauv nrog lub teeb ntawm ib lub wavelength tshwj xeeb.
Hauv kev tsom xam spectroscopic, cov qauv feem ntau yog npaj rau hauv cov kev daws teeb meem tsim nyog lossis cov qauv zoo, sim thiab ua tiav raws li cov xwm txheej tsim nyog kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv spectral ntawm Hydrocortisone, thiab tom qab ntawd muab piv nrog cov qauv nkhaus lossis cov khoom siv los ntsuas nws cov ntsiab lus.
Hauv luv luv, muaj ntau hom kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas rau Hydrocortisone, thiab cov txheej txheem tsim nyog tuaj yeem xaiv rau kev tshuaj xyuas thiab tshawb xyuas raws li qhov xav tau tiag tiag.
FAQ
1. Hydrocortisone hmoov yog dab tsi?
Ib qho hluavtaws hluavtaws corticosteroid hormone, uas yog ib qho kev hloov pauv ntawm lub ntuj cortisol hauv tib neeg lub cev, muaj zog tiv thaiv - mob, tiv thaiv - ua xua thiab tiv thaiv kab mob.
2. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog dab tsi?
Nws yog tsuas yog siv rau kev npaj tshuaj pleev ib ce (xws li tshuaj pleev thiab cream) los kho cov tawv nqaij o (xws li eczema thiab dermatitis), los yog raws li raw khoom rau tsim injectables thiab lub qhov ncauj ntsiav tshuaj, kho mob inflammatory kab mob, tsis haum tshuaj thiab adrenal cortical insufficiency.
3. Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws kom ceev faj thaum siv nws?
Tsis txhob npaj lossis siv ntawm koj tus kheej. Qhov no yog ib qho tshuaj nruj nruj nruj nrog cov concentration siab. Kev siv tsis raug (xws li kev nqus dej hauv lub cev) tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phiv loj heev, suav nrog kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob, ntshav qab zib siab, osteoporosis, Cushing's syndrome, thiab lwm yam. Nws yuav tsum tau npaj los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig nruj raws li cov qauv tsim rau kev siv.
Cim npe nrov: Hydrocortisone hmoov CAS 50-23-7, lwm tus neeg, manufacturers, hoobkas, lag luam wholesale, yuav, nqe, tej, kev muag khoom