Cyclohexene oxideyog cov organic sib xyaw nrog tshuaj lom neeg ntawm C6h10o thiab CAS {2}}. Nws yog cov khoom lag luam ntawm kev qhia cov pa oxygen ntawm cyclohexene los ntawm epoxidation kev tawm tsam. Nws yog ib qho tsis muaj kob daj rau cov kua daj daj uas tau pob tshab ntawm chav tsev kub. Nws yog qhov tsis muaj zog thiab tuaj yeem tawm tus yam ntxwv tsw ntxhiab. Lub solubility hauv dej yog tus nqi qis, txog 2.4 g / 100 ml. Tab sis nws tuaj yeem ua kom tiav nrog ntau cov kuab tshuaj ethanic (xws li ethanol, ether, acetone, thiab lwm yam). Nws yog cov qib polvent, feem ntau yog vim muaj polarity coj los ntawm cov pa atoms hauv nws. Qhov no ua rau nws yog ib qho kev ua zoo thiab reagent hauv qee cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
|
|
|
|
Tshuaj Cov Qauv |
C6H10O |
|
Muaj pes tsawg leej |
98 |
|
Molecular hnyav |
98 |
|
m/z |
98 (100.0%), 99 (6.5%) |
|
Kev Ntsuam Xyuas |
C, 73.43; H, 10.27; O, 16.30 |
Cyclohexene oxideyog cov organic sib txuas nrog ntau cov kev siv thiab kev siv. Cov hauv qab no yuav muab cov ncauj lus qhia ntxaws ntxaws ntawm cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom lag luam thiab nws daim ntawv thov hauv ntau daim teb.
Kws Tshuaj
Nws muaj ntau cov ntawv thov hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov tshuaj:
Cov cuab yeej siv tshuaj hluavtaws: Nws tau siv ua ib nrab ntawm cov khoom siv, xws li tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj tiv thaiv, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob antiviral, thiab lwm yam.
Reagents thiab Ligands: Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua catalysts, txo cov neeg sawv cev, ligands lossis tshuab hluav taws xob hauv cov organic los txhawb qee cov organic.
Tshuaj Kho Mob Siv Tshuaj: Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov pab pawg siv tshuaj hauv cov tshuaj molecules los txhim kho cov tshuaj, kev xaiv cov tshuaj los ntawm kev hloov lawv cov qauv thiab cov khoom.
Tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab cov khoom siv saib xyuas tus kheej:
Nws muaj ob peb kev siv hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab cov khoom siv saib xyuas tus kheej:
3.1 Cov tshuaj tsw qab thiab cov ntxhiab: Nws tuaj yeem siv tshuaj tsw qab hauv cov khoom noj qab zib hluavtaws, tshuaj tsw qab thiab lwm cov khoom pleev ib ce.
3.2 Tes dej ntawm cov cawv thiab cov ketones: los ntawm kev rov qab siv dej cawv lossis cov tshuaj tua kab, thickeners lossis cov kuab tshuaj uas siv hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab cov khoom siv saib xyuas tus kheej.
Txheej Npaj Npaj thiab Hloov Kho
Mechanism ntawm Kev Ua:
Nws yog tsuas yog siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev hla lossis hloov kho hauv cov txheej txheej. Nws pawg EPOXY tuaj yeem hnov mob nrog cov pab pawg ua haujlwm xws li cov txheej txheem hydroxylic hauv cov qauv network ruaj khov, yog li txhim kho cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm txheej.
Hom txheej txheej:
Cov txheej txheem dej ntawm cov dej ntws: tuaj yeem siv rau kev npaj ntawm cov dej pleev dej, txhim kho cov dej tsis kam thiab cov tshuaj nplaum nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej.
UV Txhab Txheej: Hauv UV Cov Txheej Txheem Captable, Epoxy pawg tuaj yeem koom nrog UV kho kev cuam tshuam, txhim kho cov tshuaj kho kom ceev thiab ua tiav ntawm txheej.
Hmoov txheej: nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv rau kev kho cov hmoov pleev xim los ntawm cov hmoov nplej los txhim kho cov txiv hmab flowility thiab adhesion ntawm txheej.
Kev Txhim Kho:
Dej tsis kam: Hloov cov txheej txheem muaj dej tsis tau zoo dua thiab tuaj yeem tswj tau ruaj khov nyob rau hauv cov chaw noo noo.
Tshuaj lom neeg tiv thaiv: cov txheej txheem hloov tau ua kom zoo rau cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab haum rau siv hauv cov chaw tshwj xeeb.
Cov nplaum: Kev qhia tuaj yeem txhim kho cov nplaum ntawm cov txheej thiab lub substrate, ua cov txheej xim ntau dua.
Cov Cuab Yeej Siv Cov Neeg Kho Tshuab: Hloov cov txheej txheem muaj cov khoom zoo dua, xws li hardness, hnav tsis kam, thiab lwm yam.
Cov ntaub ntawv thov thov:
Cov Txheej Txheem Architectural: Hloov kho cov huab cua ua kom zoo thiab tsim kom haum rau sab nrauv phab ntsa, ru tsev, thiab lwm qhov chaw ntawm cov tuam tsev.
Automotive txheej: Hloov cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem muab cov glossinations zoo dua thiab kos tsis kam ua ob qho tib si thiab kev kho xim rau tsheb.
Muaj cov txheej txheej: Hloov cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem muab cov kev tiv thaiv ruaj khov hauv cov khoom lag luam xws li cov khoom siv kho txhua yam thiab cov twj.
Npaj Npaj Ua Ntej Thiab Hloov Kho
Mechanism ntawm Kev Ua:
Hauv cov nplaum, Epoxy pawg muaj peev xwm yuav hnov nrog cov pab pawg ua haujlwm xws li amines thiab hydroxyl pawg los nce cov nplaum thiab txhim kho kom yooj yim.
Hom nplaum:
Epoxy Resin nplaum: tuaj yeem siv rau kev hloov kho ntawm Epoxy Resin Adhesive thiab qhov kub tsis kam ntawm cov nplaum.
Polyurethane nplaum: Qhia polyurethane nplaum tuaj yeem txhim kho nws cov khoom siv tau thiab dej tsis kam.
Acrylic nplaum: nws kuj tseem siv tau rau kev hloov kho acrylic nplaum kom txhim kho nws cov nplaum thiab huab cua tiv thaiv.
Kev Txhim Kho:
Adhesive lub zog: hloov cov nplaum muaj cov nplaum muaj zog dua thiab muaj peev xwm ua kom ruaj khov rau ntau txoj kev ua haujlwm.
Qhov kub kub kuj: cov nplaum hloov kho tau tuaj yeem tswj tau ruaj khov tshaj plaws ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.
Yooj taus: kev qhia ntawm nws muab cov nplaum zoo dua, ua kom nws haum rau cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv ntawm cov kev nthuav dav thermal.
Cov ntaub ntawv thov thov:
Automotive cov txheej txheem: oxidized cyclohexene hloov cov nplaum yuav siv tau rau cov txheej txheem sib tsoo los txhim kho lub zog thiab kev sib khi ntawm cov qauv hauv lub cev.
Cov nplaum nplaum: hauv lub ntim thiab sib txuas hluav taws xob, Epoxy hloov adhesive adhesive tau ua tau zoo thiab kub tsis kam.
Lub tsev nplaum ua kom zoo nkauj: hauv kev kho kom zoo nkauj, Epoxy Hloov Adhesive tau siv rau cov khoom sib koom ua ke xws li cov vuas thiab ntoo kom zoo nkauj thiab kav ntev.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb organic sib txuas nrog ntau cov kev siv. Cov hauv qab no yog ntau txoj kev sib xws rau cov khoom siv:
Feem ntau cov qauv ntawm kev ua synthesizingcyclohexene oxideyog los ntawm Epoxidation. Qhov no yog tau los ntawm reacting cyclohexene nrog hydrogen peroxide (h2O2) lossis peracetic acid. Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no, hydrogen peroxide yog feem ntau siv oxidizing tus neeg sawv cev.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj raws li nram no:
C6H10 + H2O2 → C6H10O
Qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yuav tsum siv cov kuab tshuaj uas tsim nyog thiab cov kuab tshuaj uas ib txwm muaj xws li ethanol, thiab txiv neej zoo li ethanol, thiab zoo li cas. Cov catalyst tuaj yeem yog tus hloov pauv hlau ion, xws li kua qaub-portalyst, thiab lwm yam.
Lwm txoj hauv kev yog kev tawm tsam prined oxide nrog cyclohexene los tsim nws.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj raws li nram no:
C3H6O + C6H10 → C6H10O
Cov kauj ruam ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog qhov yooj yim, tsuas yog xav tau sib xyaw thiab kev tawm tsam epyylene oxide thiab cyclohexene nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tsim nyog. Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov catalyst feem ntau kuj yuav tsum tau thaum lub sijhawm ua yeeb yam tshwm sim los ua kom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tawm los.
Ntxiv nrog rau cov txheej txheem saum toj no, cyclohexene chloride tseem tuaj yeem ua tau nrog tert-butyl hydrorkide los tsim nws. Qhov no yog qhov tsawg dua siv cov qauv hluavtaws.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj raws li nram no:
C6H11CL + (CH3)3Cooh → C6H10O + (ch3)3Cocl + h2O
Qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yuav tsum muaj qhov kub thiab txias thiab muaj cov catalyst, feem ntau zinc yog xaiv raws li catalyst. Txawm hais tias cov xwm txheej ntawm cov qauv no yog nruj me ntsis, nws tseem muaj nws daim ntawv thov muaj nqis hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb.
Ntxiv rau cov txheej txheem saum toj no, qee lwm cov qauv hluavtaws feem ntau kuj tseem siv tau los npaj cov khoom lag luam, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov potassium hydroxide (koh). Peroxide (hydrogen peroxide) cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab lwm yam no cov qauv no tau siv nyob rau hauv kev siv cov kev siv, tab sis tej zaum yuav muaj qee yam kev ua haujlwm.
Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias thaum xaiv cov khoom, yam xws li kev xaiv ua, thiab kev ua kom muaj kev coj dawb huv thiab kev coj dawb huv thiab ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb. Ib qho ntxiv, qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov qauv ntawm synthesis yuav tsum tau ntsuas raws li cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb thiab cov xwm txheej tiag tiag.
Thaum ntxov xyoo 19th, thaj teb ntawm cov organic chemistry tau ntsib kev loj hlob sai. Chemists tau txais kev nkag siab zoo ntawm cov qauv thiab cov khoom ntawm ntau cov organic sib txuas thiab pib sim ua cov lus sib txuas lus tshiab. Nws tau pom nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus no.
Cov ntawv tshaj tawm ntxov tshaj plaws ntawm nws tuaj yeem raug xa rov qab mus rau 1863. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, Lub Yim Hli Britmanist Lub sijhawm Hoffman (lub Yim Hli Ntuj
Hofmann siv hydrogen peroxide (h2O2) Ua ib tus neeg sawv cev oxidization kom hnov mob cyclohexene nrog hydrogen peroxide nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tsim nyog. Nws tau pom ib qho kev sib txuas tshiab hauv cov khoom thiab ua tiav nws cov qauv tshuaj. Nws tau muab cov ntsiab lus tshiab no tshiab "cov khoom lag luam", qhia tias nws yog EPOXIDIDE ntawm Cyclohexene.
Qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm nws ntawm aroused qhov kev txaus siab ntawm lwm yam kev siv tshuaj tsis zoo, thiab nws tau kawm ntxiv thiab siv rau hauv qab no. Nrog kev nce qib ntawm thev naus laus zis, cov neeg muaj kev nkag siab tob txog cov yam ntxwv thiab cov qauv hluavtaws ntawm cov khoom lag luam.
Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20, synthesis txoj kev nws tau ntxiv kev txhim kho thiab ua kom zoo. Chemists tshawb pom ntau txoj kev hluavtaws thiab tshawb xyuas cov catalysts tshiab thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Qhov no ua rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau dua thiab ua tau.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tseem dav siv hauv cov ntawv thov hauv ntau thaj teb. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua qhov nruab nrab hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv nruab nrog cev rau kev sib txuas ntawm lwm cov tebchaw. Cov tebchaw tseem ceeb thiab kev tshawb fawb, xws li qee yam tshuaj, tshuaj thiab cov khoom siv polymer, thiab lwm yam.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv me, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov xwm txheej hauv cov organic thiab catalysic. Nws muaj qhov ruaj khov zoo thiab ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam, uas ua rau nws muaj cov kev thov kev cia siab hauv ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Txhawm rau kom suav cov, keeb kwm kev paub dhau los ntawm nws tuaj yeem raug xa rov qab mus rau lub xyoo pua puv 19. Nws tau pom nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov organic chemis kev tshawb fawb thiab tau tsim ntxiv los ntawm xyoo ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev thov. Hnub no,Cyclohexene oxideMuaj txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb thiab kev ua tiav cov kev cia siab hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov organic chemistry.
Cim npe nrov: Cyclohexene Oxide Pe 286-20-4, cov chaw muag khoom, chaw tsim khoom, Hoobkas, lag luam, yuav, nqi, loj, rau muag