Shaanxi BLOOM Tech Co., Ltd. yog ib tug ntawm cov uas paub txog manufacturers thiab lwm tus neeg ntawm phosphotungstic acid 44-hydrate cas 12067-99-1 nyob rau hauv Suav teb. Txais tos rau cov lag luam wholesale bulk zoo phosphotungstic acid 44-hydrate cas 12067-99-1 muag ntawm no los ntawm peb lub hoobkas. Kev pabcuam zoo thiab tus nqi tsim nyog muaj.
Phosphotungstic acid, molecular mis H6O80P2W24, CAS 12067-99-1, Nws yog xim tsis muaj xim, greyish dawb hmoov los yog lub teeb daj zoo siv lead ua. Crystallize los ntawm dej (uas yog soluble hauv dej) mus rau hauv ib qho hnyav dawb octahedron. Nws cov tshuaj aqueous tsis ruaj khov rau lub teeb thiab maj mam tig xiav vim qhov txo qis. Nws muaj acidity thiab redox zog, ua rau nws ib tug multifunctional tshiab catalyst nrog siab catalytic kev ua si thiab zoo stability. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau homogeneous thiab heterogeneous cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab txawm tias ua ib theem hloov catalyst. Nws yog ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg thiab ntsuab catalyst. Me ntsis huab cua. Soluble nyob rau hauv alcohols, ethers, thiab dej, soluble nyob rau hauv kwv yees li 0.5 feem ntawm dej.
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PTA, feem ntau nrog cov tshuaj formula H6O80P2W24, yog polyoxometalate (POM) uas tau qhia dav thiab tseem ceeb hauv ntau yam xws li chemistry, khoom siv science, biology, tshuaj, thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. Nws cov qauv tshwj xeeb endows nws muaj zog acidity, redox zog, thermal stability, thiab catalytic kev ua si, ua rau nws ib tug multifunctional khoom.
Catalytic teb: Siv tau ntsuab catalysts
PTA, raws li lub zog acidic thiab redox heteropolyacid, nthuav tawm cov haujlwm siab, kev xaiv siab, thiab qis catalyst loading hauv catalytic cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab suav tias yog ib qho kev hloov pauv rau cov tshuaj catalysts xws li sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid, thiab aluminium trichloride.
Acid catalyzed cov tshuaj tiv thaiv
Esterification cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: PTA tuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv esterification ntawm carboxylic acids thiab cawv los ua ke ester tebchaw. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov synthesis ntawm diethyl sebacate, PTA yog siv raws li ib tug catalyst, nrog me ntsis tshuaj tiv thaiv tej yam kev mob, siab yield, thiab cov catalyst yuav rov qab siv tau.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Alkylation: PTA nthuav tawm cov kev ua haujlwm zoo catalytic hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv alkylation ntawm olefins. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv alkylation ntawm propylene thiab benzene, isopropylbenzene tuaj yeem tsim tau zoo nyob rau hauv catalysis ntawm PTA.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub cev qhuav dej: Hauv lub cev qhuav dej ntawm 2-propanol los tsim cov propylene lossis methanol los tsim cov hydrocarbons, PTA yog siv los ua cov catalyst, nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv me me thiab kev hloov pauv siab.
Redox catalysis
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation: PTA tuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv epoxidation ntawm olefins, xws li oxidation ntawm propylene rau epichlorohydrin, nrog rau kev xaiv siab thiab ob peb yam los ntawm - khoom.
Txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: Hauv kev txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm nitro compounds,phosphotungstic acidua hauj lwm raws li ib tug catalyst kom ua tau npaum li cas txo thiab tsim cov amine tebchaw coj.
Theem hloov catalysis
PTA tuaj yeem ua haujlwm raws li theem hloov pauv catalyst los txhawb kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov theem dej thiab cov organic. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv kev hloov pauv nucleophilic cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm halogenated hydrocarbons, PTA tuaj yeem ua kom cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab ua kom cov qoob loo.
4. Daim ntawv thov ntawm photocatalysis
PTA doped titanium dioxide (TiO2) raws li photocatalyst muaj peev xwm nqus tau zoo rau ob qho tib si ultraviolet thiab pom lub teeb, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau cov pa phem xws li methylene xiav (MB). Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo, tus nqi decolorization tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau dua 90%.
Materials Science: Siv ntau yam khoom siv
Daim ntawv thov ntawm PTA hauv kev tshawb fawb cov ntaub ntawv tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm nws cov ion conductivity zoo, cov khoom kho qhov muag, thiab thermal stability.
1. Ionic conductive cov ntaub ntawv
Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob (SOFC): PTA, ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, muaj cov ion conductivity siab thiab tsis tshua muaj zog ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog hloov pauv thiab kev ua neej ntawm SOFCs.
Khoom lub xeev ion sensor: Lub ion conductivity ntawm PTA ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev npaj cov khoom - xeev ion sensors rau kev soj ntsuam cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv roj los yog ion concentration.
2. Cov khoom siv kho qhov muag
Lub teeb emitting diode (LED): Los ntawm doping PTA rau hauv qhov tsim nyog matrix, cov khoom siv nrog cov khoom fluorescent zoo tuaj yeem tsim, uas tuaj yeem siv los ua lub teeb -emitting txheej ntawm LED los txhim kho luminous efficiency.
Fluorescent labeling: Lub zog muaj zog fluorescence thiab ntev excitation lifetime ntawm PTA ua rau nws zoo tagnrho fluorescent sojntsuam khoom rau biomedical thiab ib puag ncig xyuas.
3. Cov khoom siv sib xyaw
Txhawb nqa catalyst: PTA tuaj yeem thauj khoom mus rau kev txhawb nqa xws li alumina thiab silica los npaj cov catalysts heterogeneous, txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg thiab rov siv tau ntawm cov catalyst.
Peb cov khoom siv graphene sib xyaw: PTA ua ke nrog graphene tuaj yeem siv los npaj siab -cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia hluav taws xob lossis cov khoom siv catalyst.
4. Cov khoom siv kub kub
Kev ruaj ntseg thermal thiab tshuaj lom neeg ntawm PTA muab nws qhov tshwj xeeb zoo hauv siab - qhov kub thiab txias thiab kev npaj cov khoom. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv kev npaj ntawm high - kub ceramics los yog coatings, phosphotungstic pab yuav siv tau raws li ib tug additive los txhim kho cov khoom siab -kub kuj.
Biochemistry thiab Tshuaj: Kev Ntsuam Xyuas thiab Staining Reagents
PTA feem ntau yog siv los ua cov tshuaj analytical reagent thiab staining agent hauv biochemistry thiab tshuaj.
1. Biochemical reagents
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nag xob nag cua: Phosphotungstic pab tuaj yeem ua rau cov protein ntau, cov hauv paus cog qoob loo, thiab qee cov amino aids rau kev tsom xam ntau. Piv txwv li, hauv kev tsom xam cov protein ntau, phosphotungstic pab ua ke nrog cov proteins los ua ib qho precipitate, uas tuaj yeem sib cais los ntawm centrifugation lossis filtration los txiav txim siab cov ntsiab lus protein.
Chromatographic tsom xam: Phosphotungstic pab, raws li ib tug chromatographic reagent, yuav siv tau rau kev sib cais thiab txheeb xyuas cov organic tebchaw. Piv txwv li, hauv nyias - txheej chromatography, ethanol tov ntawm phosphotungstic pab yuav siv tau los xyuas cov tebchaw xws li steroids.
2. Tshuaj lom neeg staining
Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM): PTA is an electron dense substance that is opaque to electrons. Nws yog feem ntau siv hauv TEM rau qhov tsis zoo staining ntawm cov qauv tshuaj lom neeg xws li kab mob, polysaccharides, thiab paj hlwb.
Histological staining: phosphotungstic pab ua ke nrog hematoxylin (PTAH staining method), siv rau staining cell thiab cov ntaub so ntswg kuaj, tuaj yeem xaiv pom fibrin, collagen, thiab lwm yam hauv cov ntaub so ntswg.
3. Kev siv tshuaj
Kev soj ntsuam kom muaj nuj nqis: Sodium phosphotungstate, vim nws cov solubility, tuaj yeem siv rau kev txheeb xyuas ntau ntawm alkaloids, uric acid, potassium ions.
Pharmaceutical npaj:Phosphotungstic acidkuj yog siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam teb los npaj preservatives, surfactants, thiab lwm yam, piv txwv li, raws li ib tug catalyst los yog stabilizer nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj synthesis.
Environmental Protection Field: Ntsuab Catalysts thiab Kev Tswj Kev Ua qias tuaj
PTA, raws li lub zog ntsuab, tsis muaj kuab paug rau ib puag ncig, ua tau raws li kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, thiab muaj kev thov dav dav hauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig.
1. Kev kho dej khib nyiab
Organic wastewater kho: PTA, raws li ib tug photocatalyst, yuav siv tau los degrade organic pollutants xws li dyes thiab phenols nyob rau hauv cov dej khib nyiab, ua tau zoo purification ntawm cov dej khib nyiab.
Kev tshem tawm cov hlau hnyav: PTA tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov hlau hnyav xws li cov hlau lead thiab mercury los ntawm cov dej khib nyiab los ntawm adsorption lossis nag lossis daus.
2. Cua purification
Degradation ntawm volatile organic compounds (VOCs): Photocatalysts doped nrog PTA tuaj yeem siv los degrade VOCs hauv huab cua, xws li formaldehyde thiab benzene, txhawm rau txhim kho huab cua hauv tsev.
3. Ntsuab synthesis
PTA, raws li ib tug catalyst, tuaj yeem hloov cov tshuaj lom catalysts thiab ua tiav ntsuab synthesis ntawm cov tshuaj. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv kev sib txuas ntawm cov tshuaj zoo, PTA catalysis tuaj yeem txo cov tiam ntawm - khoom thiab txhim kho kev lag luam atomic.
Lwm qhov chaw thov
Kev siv PTA tsis txwv rau saum toj no - thaj chaw tau hais, thiab nws kuj tau pom qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm daim ntawv thov tus nqi hauv lwm qhov chaw.
1. Pigments thiab dyes
PTA tuaj yeem ua ke nrog cov xim sib txawv los tsim cov xim xim av, xws li alkaline dyes lossis triphenylamine dyes, uas yog siv rau hauv cov teb xws li number case thiab coatings.
2. Composite proton txauv membrane
PTA, raws li cov khoom siv rau cov khoom sib xyaw proton txauv, tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov roj hlwb thiab txhim kho proton conductivity.
3. Kev tshuaj xyuas Chemistry
PTA yog siv los txiav txim siab phosphorus uas muaj tshuaj tua kab hauv cov nroj tsuag thiab zaub mov, ua kom cov zaub mov muaj kev nyab xeeb los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas thiab txheeb xyuas cov PTA tsim.
PTA tau pom ntau yam kev siv hauv kev lag luam dyeing, thiab nws cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg ua rau nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb thiab cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv daim teb no.
PTA yog dav siv los ua precipitant hauv cov txheej txheem kev npaj ntawm cov pas dej xim. Lub pas dej yog ib qho kev tsis sib haum dye complex uas hloov cov dyes soluble rau hauv cov khoom ruaj khov los ntawm nag lossis daus, thiab siv rau hauv thaj chaw xws li number case, coatings, plastics, thiab lwm yam.
Alkaline dye pas dej: PTA tuaj yeem ua ke nrog alkaline dyes (xws li triphenylmethane dyes) los tsim cov pas dej kaj. Piv txwv li, alkaline dyes xws li para rosaniline derivatives tsim cov xim pas dej nrog cov xim zoo thiab ceev ceev raws li kev txiav txim ntawm PTA, uas yog siv rau cov inks siab heev thiab coatings.
Triarylmethane dye Lake: PTA reacts nrog triarylmethane dyes los npaj lub pas dej los ntawm nag lossis daus. Hom pas dej no muaj cov xim ci ntsa iab thiab ruaj khov, thiab yog siv dav hauv kev luam ntawv number case thiab xim yas.
PTA yog siv rau kev soj ntsuam kom muaj nuj nqis ntawm amphoteric surfactants hauv analytical chemistry, ua tiav kev txiav txim siab los ntawm titration lossis colorimetric txoj kev.
PTA titration method: Nyob rau hauv acidic tej yam kev mob, PTA reacts nrog amphoteric agents (xws li betaines) tsim complex ntsev precipitates. Siv benzo [b] liab violet 4B ua ib qho qhia thiab titrating nrog PTA txheem tov, qhov concentration ntawm amphoteric active neeg sawv cev yuav txiav txim tau. Txoj kev no yog ib qho yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam, zoo heev, thiab haum rau kev tsim khoom thiab kev tswj kom zoo.
Colorimetric tsom xam txoj kev: PTA tsim ib tug complex nrog pigments xws li txiv kab ntxwv II, uas yog muab rho tawm nrog organic solvents thiab ntsuas rau extinction ntawm tej wavelengths kom ua tiav ib txoj kev tsom xam ntawm amphoteric active agents. Txoj kev no muaj qhov rhiab heev thiab tsim nyog rau kev tshawb nrhiav ntau ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm nquag hauv cov qauv ib puag ncig.
Dyeing auxiliaries: cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv histological staining
PTA yog siv los ua staining pab hauv histological staining, ua ke nrog dyes xws li hematoxylin, rau staining cell thiab cov ntaub so ntswg kuaj.
PTA hematoxylin (PTAH) staining: PTA daim ntawv PTAH reagent nrog hematoxylin, uas yog siv los tso saib fibrin, collagen, thiab fibers hauv cov ntaub so ntswg. PTAH reagent stains cov ntaub so ntswg rau hauv cov xim liab los yog xiav raws li cov ntaub so ntswg, thiab yog siv dav hauv kev tshawb fawb txog kab mob thiab kab mob.
Cov txheej txheem tsis zoo staining: PTA yog ib qho kev siv tsis zoo staining tus neeg sawv cev hauv kev xa hluav taws xob microscopy (TEM). Its electronic density makes it opaque to electrons and can be used for negative staining of biological samples such as viruses, nerve tissues, polysaccharides, etc., improving image contrast and facilitating observation and analysis.
PTA muaj lwm yam kev siv tshiab hauv kev lag luam dyeing, muab txoj hauv kev tshiab rau dye synthesis thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm.
Dye synthesis catalyst: PTA raws li lub catalyst tuaj yeem txhawb cov organic dye synthesis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, nce cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tawm los. Nws cov kev ua haujlwm siab catalytic thiab kev xaiv ua rau muaj kev sib txuas ntawm dyes nrog cov qauv tshuaj tshwj xeeb thiab cov khoom.
Dye intermediates: PTA thiab nws cov derivatives tuaj yeem siv los ua cov xim nruab nrab los koom hauv kev tsim cov xim molecules. Los ntawm kev tswj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov xim ntau yam nrog cov qauv tshiab thiab cov khoom zoo heev tuaj yeem ua ke.
Kev ua haujlwm dyeing: Los ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv kho qhov muag thiab thermal stability ntawm PTA, dyes nrog cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb xws li fluorescence thiab thermal rhiab heev tuaj yeem tsim. Piv txwv li, fluorescent dyes doped nrogphosphotungstic acidtuaj yeem siv rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov duab kos duab lom neeg thiab cov sensors.
kev phiv tshuaj
Cov kev phiv tshuaj ntawm phosphotungstic acid feem ntau muaj xws li mob khaus khaus, corrosive puas, thiab muaj peev xwm mob ntev, raws li hauv qab no:
Mob toxic tshwm sim
tiv tauj daim tawv nqaij
Corrosive puas: Kev sib cuag ncaj qha tuaj yeem ua rau tawv nqaij kub hnyiab, tshwm sim raws li erythema, hlwv, mob, thiab cov ntaub so ntswg necrosis. Cov kev sim tsiaj tau pom tias qhov ncauj LD50 ntawm nas yog 3300 mg / kg, tab sis yuav tsum tau ceev faj txog kev tiv thaiv hauv zos ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Kev tsis haum tshuaj: Lub sij hawm ntev los yog rov ua dua tuaj yeem ua rau kev sib cuag dermatitis, uas yog khaus, liab, thiab flaking.
Qhov muag sib cuag
Kev puas tsuaj rau qhov muag loj: Cov plua plav lossis cov tshuaj txau rau hauv lub qhov muag tuaj yeem ua rau pob txha kub hnyiab, ua rau mob qhov muag, tsim kua muag, photophobia, thiab qhov muag tsis pom kev. Yog tias tsis muab yaug rau lub sijhawm, nws tuaj yeem ua rau pob txha pob txha lossis qhov muag tsis pom.
Kev nqus pa
Kev ua pa ua pa: Kev nqus cov plua plav lossis vapor tuaj yeem ua rau lub ntsws ua pa, ua rau hnoos, hawb pob, laryngitis, thiab ua pa nyuaj. High concentration exposure tuaj yeem ua rau pulmonary edema, tshwm sim hauv siab nruj, ua tsis taus pa, thiab cyanosis.
Cov tsos mob ntawm lub cev: Kev mob hnyav hnyav tuaj yeem nrog mob taub hau, xeev siab, ntuav, thiab tsis nco qab, thiab yuav tsum tau kho mob tam sim ntawd.
noj yuam kev
Cov kab mob hauv plab zom mov: kev noj haus tuaj yeem hlawv qhov ncauj kab noj hniav, txoj hlab pas, thiab plab hnyuv, ua rau mob plab, ntuav (tejzaum ntshav), thiab plab hnyuv los ntshav. Cov acidity muaj zog tuaj yeem ua rau lub plab perforation thiab yuav tsum tau kho sai.
Cov lus nug nquag
Vim li cas cov tshuaj tsis muaj xim uas npaj tau tig xiav thaum sab laug ntawm nws tus kheej?
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Qhov no yog thaum nws tau txais ib daim duab induced txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum sunbathing. Phosphotungstic acid aqueous daws tsis ruaj tsis khov rau lub teeb. Nyob rau hauv lub teeb (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ultraviolet lub teeb), W (VI) nyob rau hauv cov kev daws yuav raug txo kom W (V) los ntawm cov kab uas txo cov tshuaj los yog cov kuab tshuaj nws tus kheej, generating tus yam ntxwv "tungsten xiav" (ib tug sib xyaw valence xeev heteropoly xiav). Kev paub txias: Qhov no tsis yog kev puas tsuaj lossis tsis ua haujlwm, tab sis nws daim npav photochemical tus kheej, uas tseem yog lub hauv paus rau nws daim ntawv thov ua photocatalyst.
Nws puas tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm "acid" thiab "oxidant" tib lub sijhawm?
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Yog, thiab nws yog kev sib koom ua haujlwm. Phosphotungstic acid yog ob qho tib si muaj zog protonic acid (zoo ib yam li sulfuric acid) thiab muaj zog oxidant (muaj W (VI)). Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv catalytic, nws tuaj yeem siv ob txoj hauv kev: cov chaw acidic yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev ua kom cov substrates (xws li protonation), thaum redox sites yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev hloov hluav taws xob. Qhov no "acid oxidation" dual functionality ua rau nws muaj ntau dua kev ua ub no tshaj ib tug muaj nuj nqi catalysts nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj xws li biodiesel npaj thiab organic teeb meem degradation.
Cim npe nrov: phosphotungstic acid 44-hydrate cas 12067-99-1, lwm tus neeg, manufacturers, hoobkas, lag luam wholesale, yuav, nqe, tej, kev muag khoom