Pontocaine, tseem hu ua tetracaine, yog ib qho tshuaj loog hauv zos uas feem ntau siv hauv kev kho mob thiab kho hniav cov txheej txheem rau loog qhov chaw ntawm lub cev. Kev nkag siab txog cov lus qhia noj kom raug rau Pontocaine yog ib qho tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej tias muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab siv tau cov tshuaj loog. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, kuv yuav piav qhia txog ntau npaum li cas cov lus pom zoo rau Pontocaine raws li cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj thiab muab cov lus pom zoo rau nws qhov kev siv kom raug.
Daim ntawv thov tshuaj
Cream los yog gel
Siv ib txheej nyias ntawm 0.5% mus rau 1% Pontocaine cream los yog gel rau thaj tsam cuam tshuam.
Tshuaj pleev
Siv ib qho me me ntawm 0.5% rau 1% Pontocaine tshuaj pleev rau thaj tsam cuam tshuam.
Infiltration tshuaj loog
Cov neeg laus
Feem ntau, txhaj tshuaj 0.5% mus rau 1% Pontocaine tov nyob rau hauv ntim tsim nyog rau thaj tsam yuav tsum tau tshuaj loog.
Cov neeg mob menyuam yaus
Kev noj tshuaj yuav tsum tau kho raws li qhov hnyav thiab hnub nyoog, nrog rau kev siv qis dua hauv cov neeg mob hluas.
Nerve Block
Kev noj ntau npaum li cas nyob ntawm seb cov hlab ntsha tshwj xeeb tau ua, qhov concentration ntawm Pontocaine cov tshuaj siv, thiab cov neeg mob yam xws li qhov hnyav thiab mob.
Ua tib zoo titrate cov tshuaj kom ua tiav cov tshuaj loog txaus thaum txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob toxicity.
Spinal Anesthesia
Cov neeg laus: Txhaj tshuaj Pontocaine rau hauv cov kua cerebrospinal hauv cov ntim tsim nyog thiab cov ntsiab lus rau qib uas xav tau ntawm tshuaj loog.
Cov neeg mob menyuam yaus: Kev noj tshuaj yuav tsum tau hloov kho raws li qhov hnyav thiab hnub nyoog, nrog kev siv qis dua rau cov neeg mob hluas.
Kev siv Ophthalmic
Siv cov concentrations qis duaPontocainetshuaj (piv txwv li, 0.5%) rau cov txheej txheem ophthalmic.
Siv cov tshuaj me me rau saum lub qhov muag raws li tus kws kho mob qhia.
Dosage rau cov txheej txheem kho hniav
Daim ntawv thov tshuaj
Gel lossis cream: Siv ib qho me me (pea-loj) ntawm 20% benzocaine gel lossis cream, uas yuav muaj lwm yam tshuaj loog hauv zos xws li tetracaine, mus rau qhov chaw ntawm kev kho hniav. Qhov concentration no muab tshuaj loog zoo rau feem ntau cov txheej txheem kho hniav.
Txau: Rau kev siv tshuaj tsuag, tshuaj tsuag ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov tshuaj mus rau ntawm qhov ncauj mucosa, npog thaj tsam kom tshuaj loog. Ua raws li cov chaw tsim khoom cov lus qhia rau cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb.
Mucosal tshuaj loog
Kev Txhaj Tshuaj: Yog tias xav tau tshuaj loog tob, xws li kev txhaj tshuaj gingival lossis palatal, Pontocaine tshuaj tuaj yeem txhaj rau hauv cov mucosa. Qhov ntau npaum li cas yuav nyob ntawm qhov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj siv thiab lub ntim uas yuav tsum tau rau kev siv tshuaj loog txaus. Feem ntau, qhov qis dua (piv txwv li, 0.5% mus rau 1%) yog siv rau kev txhaj tshuaj mucosal.
Kho Hniav Blocks
Rau cov paj hlwb xws li inferior alveolar, maxillary, lossis lingual paj blocks, Pontocaine tov yog txhaj ze rau ntawm cov hlab ntsha los muab tshuaj loog rau thaj tsam loj ntawm lub qhov ncauj.
Kev noj tshuaj thiab concentration yuav txawv raws li cov hlab ntsha tshwj xeeb uas tau ua, tus neeg mob yam xwm txheej, thiab qhov nyiam ntawm tus kws kho hniav.
Dosage rau cov txheej txheem kho mob
Daim ntawv thov tshuaj
Cream los yog gel: Siv ib txheej nyias ntawm 0.5% mus rau 1% Pontocaine cream los yog gel rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov txheej txheem. Tus nqi thov yuav nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm cheeb tsam yuav tsum tau tshuaj loog.
Txau: Txau ntau npaum li casPontocainetshuaj rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij los yog mucosa, npog thaj tsam yuav tsum tau anesthetized. Ua raws li cov chaw tsim khoom cov lus qhia rau cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb.
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Infiltration tshuaj loog
Cov neeg laus: Txhaj 0.5% mus rau 1% Pontocaine kua hauv ntim tsim nyog rau thaj tsam yuav tsum tau tshuaj loog. Qhov ntau npaum li cas yuav nyob ntawm qhov tob thiab qhov twg ntawm cov tshuaj loog xav tau.
Cov neeg mob menyuam yaus: Kev noj tshuaj yuav tsum tau hloov kho raws li qhov hnyav thiab hnub nyoog, nrog kev siv qis dua rau cov neeg mob hluas.
02
Nerve Blocks
Kev noj ntau npaum li cas nyob ntawm seb cov hlab ntsha tshwj xeeb tau ua, qhov concentration ntawm Pontocaine cov tshuaj siv, thiab cov neeg mob yam xws li qhov hnyav thiab mob.
Ua tib zoo titrate cov tshuaj kom ua tiav cov tshuaj loog txaus thaum txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob toxicity.
03
Spinal Anesthesia
Cov neeg laus: Txhaj tshuaj Pontocaine rau hauv cov kua cerebrospinal hauv cov ntim tsim nyog thiab cov ntsiab lus rau qib uas xav tau ntawm tshuaj loog.
Cov neeg mob menyuam yaus: Kev noj tshuaj yuav tsum tau hloov kho raws li qhov hnyav thiab hnub nyoog, nrog kev siv qis dua rau cov neeg mob hluas.
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Tshwj xeeb Ckev xav
Tus neeg mob Factors
Kev txiav txim siab yuav tsum tau muab rau tus neeg mob lub hnub nyoog, qhov hnyav, keeb kwm kev kho mob, kev tsis haum tshuaj, thiab txhua yam uas muaj nyob rau yav dhau los uas yuav cuam tshuam rau lawv cov lus teb rau kev tshuaj loog. Kev hloov kho tshuaj yuav tsim nyog rau cov neeg mob menyuam yaus lossis cov neeg laus, nrog rau cov neeg muaj mob xws li mob plawv lossis paj hlwb.
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Contraindications
Pontocaine yuav tsum tsis txhob siv rau hauv cov neeg mob uas paub qhov ua rau tetracaine lossis lwm yam tshuaj loog hauv zos ntawm hom ester. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ceev faj yuav tsum tau siv rau cov neeg mob uas muaj keeb kwm ntawm methemoglobinemia lossis sulfonamide ua xua, vim tias Pontocaine tuaj yeem ua rau cov mob hnyav dua.
02
Kev txhaj tshuaj
Cov txheej txheem txhaj tshuaj kom raug yog qhov tseem ceeb los txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg puas, kev raug mob ntawm lub paj hlwb, thiab lwm yam teeb meem. Cov kws kho mob yuav tsum tau txais kev cob qhia txaus hauv kev tswj hwm tshuaj loog hauv zos thiab ua raws li cov lus qhia tsim los rau kev tso cov koob, kev xav, thiab kev txhaj tshuaj ceev.
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Kev suav tshuaj
Kev suav tshuaj yuav tsum tau ua kom raug raws li qhov concentration ntawm Pontocaine cov tshuaj, qhov ntim xav tau rau tus txheej txheem, thiab tus neeg mob qhov hnyav lossis qhov chaw ntawm lub cev. Kev noj tshuaj ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev mob toxicity, thaum noj tshuaj tsis txaus yuav ua rau tsis muaj tshuaj loog thiab cov neeg mob tsis xis nyob.
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Saib xyuas
Cov neeg mob yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kom zoo thaum lub sijhawm thiab tom qab kev tswj hwm tshuaj loog kom pom cov tsos mob ntawm lub cev lossis lub cev muaj kuab lom, suav nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb, kev tsis haum tshuaj, thiab cov tsos mob neurologic. Cov tsev kho mob yuav tsum muaj cov cuab yeej tsim nyog thiab cov tshuaj muaj los tswj cov teeb meem, xws li vasopressors rau hypotension lossis oxygen kho rau kev nyuaj siab ua pa.
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kev ceev faj txog kev nyab xeeb
Thaum Pontocaine feem ntau suav tias muaj kev nyab xeeb thaum siv raws li qhia, muaj qee yam kev ceev faj txog kev nyab xeeb kom nco ntsoov. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov lus qhia noj tshuaj thiab tsis txhob tshaj qhov ntau tshaj qhov pom zoo kom txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob toxicity lossis kev tsis haum tshuaj. Cov neeg mob yuav tsum raug ceeb toom txog cov kev mob tshwm sim xws li khaus khaus, kub hnyiab, lossis ua xua dermatitis, thiab qhia kom nrhiav kev kho mob yog tias lawv muaj kev phiv tshuaj.
xaus
Hauv kev xaus, nkag siab txog cov lus qhia noj kom raug rauPontocaineyog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab siv tshuaj loog thaum lub sijhawm kho mob thiab kho hniav. Los ntawm kev ua raws li cov lus pom zoo muab los ntawm cov kws kho mob thiab cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj, cov neeg mob thiab cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsis zoo thaum ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv tshuaj loog hauv zos. Nco ntsoov sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob rau tus kheej cov lus pom zoo kom haum rau koj tus kheej cov kev xav tau thiab keeb kwm kho mob.
cov ntaub ntawv
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