5-Fluoro-2-nitroanilineyog ib qho organic compound nrog cov qauv tshuaj tshwj xeeb thiab lub cev muaj zog. Cov tshuaj no muaj lipophilicity siab thiab yooj yim rau nkag mus rau hauv lub cell membrane. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom muaj toxicity tsawg, muab qee yam zoo hauv kev faib khoom thiab cov metabolism hauv lub cev.
(Cov khoom txuas: https://www.bloomtechz.com/synthetic-chemical/organic-intermediates/5-fluoro-2-nitroaniline-cas-2369-11-1.html)
5-Fluoro-2-nitroaniline yog ib qho tseem ceeb nitrogen-muaj cov tshuaj tsw qab uas siv dav hauv teb xws li tshuaj, dyes, khoom siv, thiab lwm yam. Cov hauv qab no qhia txog ntau yam kev sib txuas ntawm 5-fluoro{{4 }}Nitroaniline.
Txoj Kev 1:
Synthesis ntawm 5-fluoro-2-nitroaniline los ntawm kev txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov nram qab no yog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws cov kauj ruam ntawm txoj kev no thiab nws cov chemical sib npaug.
1, Npaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv raw khoom thiab khoom siv
Cov khoom siv raw yuav tsum muaj xws li 5-fluoro-2-nitrophenol, cawv hnyav (xws li ethanol), sodium borohydride, thiab dilute acid (xws li dilute nitric acid). Cov khoom siv yuav tsum muaj xws li beakers, mixers, heaters, droppers, crystallization nkoj, hluav taws xob nplai, thiab lwm yam.
2, Cov kauj ruam ua haujlwm
Kauj Ruam 1: Dissolve 5-fluoro-2-nitrophenol hauv cov kuab tshuaj cawv los ua ib theem organic.
Cov kev sib piv tshuaj sib raug yog: C6H4FNO2 (s) + CH3CH2OH (aq) → C6H4FNO2 (aq) + CH3CH2OH (aq)
Hauv cov kauj ruam no, 5-fluoro-2-nitrophenol (C6H4FNO2) yog yaj nyob rau hauv ethanol (CH3CH2OH) los ua ib homogeneous tov.
Kauj Ruam 2: Ntxiv sodium borohydride ua tus neeg sawv cev txo qis rau cov txheej txheem organic thiab ua kom sov cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau qhov kub thiab txias.
Cov kev sib piv tshuaj sib raug yog: C6H4FNO2 (aq) + NaBH4 (aq) → C6H4FNO2H (aq) + NaOH (aq) + H2 (g)
Hauv cov kauj ruam no, sodium borohydride (NaBH4) yog siv los ua tus neeg saib xyuas kom txo tau 5-fluoro-2-nitrophenol (C6H4FNO2) rau 5-fluoro-2-nitroaniline cawv (C6H4FNO2H). Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) thiab hydrogen gas (H2) raug tsim.
Kauj Ruam 3: Khaws ib lub sijhawm kom tso cai rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mus tas li. Nws tuaj yeem pom tias cov xim ntawm cov organic theem maj mam hloov.
Cov kev sib piv tshuaj sib raug yog: C6H4FNO2H (aq) + NaOH (aq) → C6H4FNO2 (aq) + NaNO2 (aq) + H2O (l)
Hauv cov kauj ruam no, 5-fluoro-2-nitroaniline cawv (C6H4FNO2H) reacts nrog sodium hydroxide (NaOH) los tsim 5-fluoro-2-nitroaniline (C6H4FNO2) thiab sodium nitrite (NaNO2) . Tib lub sijhawm, dej (H2O) raug tsim tawm.
Kauj Ruam 4: Thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ze rau ua tiav, siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv me me rau kev kuaj xyuas kom paub meej tias qhov txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav lawm. Yog tias tseem muaj cov pab pawg nitro uas tseem tsis tau txo qis, sodium borohydride tuaj yeem ntxiv thiab ua kom sov kom txog thaum tag nrho txo.
Cov kev sib piv tshuaj sib raug yog: C6H4FNO2 (aq) + NaBH4 (aq) → C6H4FNO2H (aq) + NaOH (aq) + H2 (g)
Hauv cov kauj ruam no, yog tias tseem tsis tau txo qis 5-fluoro-2-nitrophenol (C6H4FNO2), sodium borohydride (NaBH4) tuaj yeem ntxiv thiab ua kom sov kom txog thaum tag nrho cov txo mus rau 5-fluoro{{7} Nitroaniline cawv (C6H4FNO2H).
Kauj Ruam 5: Tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav, txias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau hauv chav sov.
Cov kev sib piv tshuaj sib raug yog: C6H4FNO2H (aq) + NaOH (aq) → C6H4FNO2 (aq) + NaNO2 (aq) + H2O (l)
Nyob rau hauv cov kauj ruam no, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog txias rau chav tsev kub kom ntxiv react nrog 5-fluoro-2-nitroaniline cawv (C6H4FNO2H) los tsim 5-fluoro-2-nitroaniline (C6H4FNO2).
Kauj Ruam 6: Ntxiv dilute acid rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txias rau kev kho acidification. Cov kauj ruam no yog los hloov cov sodium borohydride rau hauv cov kua qaub sib thooj thiab tso cov roj hydrogen.
Cov kev sib piv tshuaj sib raug yog: NaBH4 (aq) + HCl (aq) → B (OH) 3 (s) + NaCl (aq) + H2 (g)
Hauv cov kauj ruam no, dilute acid (xws li dilute hydrochloric acid thiab nitric acid) yog ntxiv los hloov cov sodium borohydride ntxiv rau hauv boric acid (B (OH) 3), thaum tso cov roj hydrogen (H2).
Kauj Ruam 7: Ntxuav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog kev sib xyaw ntawm ethanol thiab dej kom tshem tawm cov kuab tshuaj cawv uas tsis muaj tshuaj lom thiab muaj peev xwm ua tau.
Qhov sib npaug tshuaj sib npaug yog: C6H4FNO2+HCl (aq) → C6H4FNO2Cl (aq) + NaCl (aq) + H2O (l)
Nyob rau hauv cov kauj ruam no, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov khoom yog ntxuav nrog ib tug sib tov ntawm ethanol thiab dej kom tshem tawm unreacted cawv solvents thiab ua tau impurities. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, dissolve cov sodium chloride generated hauv dej.
Kauj Ruam 8: Txias cov tshuaj ntxuav ib txwm nyob rau hauv ib lub tais crystallization kom txog thaum cov crystals precipitate.
Txoj Kev 2:
Cov txheej txheem saum toj no yog cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg rau kev sib txuas ntawm 5-fluoro-2-nitroaniline, uas feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv amination ntawm cov amino compounds thiab CN bonds. Cov nram qab no yog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws cov kauj ruam ntawm txoj kev no thiab nws cov chemical sib npaug:
1, Npaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv raw khoom thiab khoom siv
Cov khoom siv raw yuav tsum muaj xws li 2-amino-5-fluorobenzoic acid ethyl ester, catalysts (xws li ferrous ntsev thiab tooj liab ntsev), sodium hydroxide, cov kuab tshuaj (xws li ethanol), thiab lwm yam. Cov khoom siv uas yuav tsum tau muaj xws li lub reactor , stirrer, thermometer, dropper, crystallization nkoj, thiab lwm yam.
2, Synthesis cov kauj ruam
Kauj Ruam 1: Ntxiv 2-amino-5-fluorobenzoic acid ethyl ester thiab cov kuab tshuaj tsim nyog rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab do sib npaug. Hauv cov kauj ruam no, 2-amino-5-fluorobenzoic acid ethyl ester yog cov khoom pib, uas yog cov khoom sib xyaw uas muaj cov amino thiab carboxyl pawg.
Kauj Ruam 2: Ntxiv cov catalysts, xws li ferrous lossis tooj liab ntsev, thiab ua kom sov cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau qhov xav tau kub. Hauv cov kauj ruam no, lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov catalyst yog los txhawb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Kauj Ruam 3: Khaws ib lub sijhawm kom tso cai rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mus tas li. Kev hloov ntawm cov xim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem pom. Qhov no yog vim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tu ncua, uas tau tsim qee yam tshuaj tshiab.
Kauj Ruam 4: Thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ze rau ua tiav, siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv me me rau kev kuaj kom paub meej tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ammonolysis tau ua tiav. Yog hais tias tseem muaj cov amino tebchaw uas tsis tau raug ammoniated, cov catalyst tuaj yeem muab ntxiv thiab ua kom sov kom txog thaum lawv tau tag nrho amoniated. Hauv cov kauj ruam no, kev lees paub qhov ua tiav ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los ntawm kev sim yog kom ntseeg tau tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav, tsis txhob nkim raw cov ntaub ntawv, thiab txo cov yield.
Kauj Ruam 5: Ntxiv cov tshuaj alkaline xws li sodium hydroxide rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab txuas ntxiv cua sov cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nyob rau hauv cov kauj ruam no, alkaline tshuaj yog ntxiv rau neutralize tej zaum acidic tshuaj, kom ntseeg tau cov kev kawm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab stability ntawm cov khoom.
Kauj Ruam 6: Raws li qhov txawv txav ntawm sodium ntsev, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsim cov khoom 5-fluoro-2-nitroaniline. Hauv cov kauj ruam no, cov amino pawg tau hloov mus rau hauv pawg nitro los ntawm kev ua ntawm sodium ntsev, yog li tau txais cov khoom lag luam.
Kauj Ruam 7: Txias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau hauv chav sov thiab lim tawm impurities xws li catalyst. Nyob rau hauv cov kauj ruam no, filtration yog siv los cais insoluble impurities xws li catalysts thiab tau ib tug ntshiab tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Kauj Ruam 8: Txias lub filtrate ib txwm nyob rau hauv ib lub tais crystallization kom txog thaum cov muaju precipitate. Nyob rau hauv cov kauj ruam no, lub hom phiaj cov khoom yog crystallized thiab precipitated los ntawm txias lub filtrate kom tau ib tug khoom khoom.
Kauj Ruam 9: Siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los ntsuas cov khoom siv crystalline thiab suav cov txiaj ntsig. Hauv cov kauj ruam no, qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom siv crystalline yog los txiav txim siab qhov zoo thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom, txhawm rau ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo thiab cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Kauj Ruam 10: Los ntawm kev ua kom huv ntxiv (xws li recrystallization, chromatography, thiab lwm yam), muaj ntau dua purity 5-fluoro-2- cov khoom nitroaniline tuaj yeem tau. Nyob rau hauv cov kauj ruam no, ntxiv purification yog los txhim kho lub purity ntawm cov khoom kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ntawm kev siv tswv yim.
3, Tshuaj sib npaug
Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem synthesis ntawm txoj kev no, cov tshuaj sib npaug hauv qab no feem ntau koom nrog:
Aminolysis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm 2-amino-5-fluorobenzoic acid ethyl ester nrog catalyst:
C9H10FNO2+ catalyst → 2-amino-5-fluorobenzoic acid amine + C2H4O2 / C2H6O
Neutralization cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm sodium hydroxide thiab acidic tshuaj:
H++OH- → H2O
Nitration tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm sodium ntsev nrog 2-amino-5-fluorobenzoic acid amine:
2-Amino-5-fluorobenzoic acid amine + NaNO2 → C6H5FN2O2+NaOH + H2O
Cov kev sib npaug tshuaj no qhia txog ntau yam tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab lawv cov kev sib raug zoo uas tshwm sim hauv txoj kev no. Cov kev sib npaug no tuaj yeem muab kev nkag siab zoo ntawm cov ntsiab lus tshuaj thiab cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm txoj kev no. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias lwm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sab nraud thiab cov nruab nrab kuj tseem tuaj yeem koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv tiag tiag, thiab tsuas yog cov tshuaj sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tseem ceeb tau teev tseg ntawm no.
Cov saum toj no yog ntau yam kev sib xyaw ua ke rau 5-fluoro-2-nitroaniline, txhua tus muaj nws tus kheej qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, thiab cov kev sib txuas tsim nyog tuaj yeem xaiv tau raws li qhov xav tau tiag tiag. Ntawm lawv, tus nqi ntawm synthesis los ntawm nitrification cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog qis dua, tab sis qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev nyab xeeb yog siab dua, thaum tus nqi ntawm synthesis los ntawm kev txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog siab dua, tab sis qhov txaus ntshai yog tsawg, thiab yuav tsum tau ceev faj xaiv.