Sodium bromate(NaBrO3) (link:https://www.bloomtechz.com/synthetic-chemical/sodium-bromate-powder-cas-7789-38-0.html) yog cov xim tsis muaj xim lossis dawb uas muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov xim tsis muaj xim lossis dawb, feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov blocks lossis granules. Nws muaj qhov zoo solubility hauv dej thiab tuaj yeem yaj sai sai thiab tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv proton pauv. Nws solubility nce nrog nce kub. Cov qauv siv lead ua belongs rau orthogonal crystal system. Lub lattice parameters yog a=7.713 Å, b=5.442 Å, thiab c=6.496 Å. Ntawm lawv, txhua Na + ion nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm yim oxygen atoms, thiab txhua BrO 3- ion nyob ib sab rau rau sodium ions. Nws yog qhov ruaj khov ntawm chav tsev kub, tab sis decomposition tshwm sim tshwm sim ntawm qhov kub thiab txias los yog nyob rau hauv cov cua sov, tsim sodium chloride thiab oxygen. Nws muaj zog oxidizing thiab bleaching zog, thiab tuaj yeem oxidize thiab rhuav tshem ntau yam organic pigments, yog li ua tiav cov khoom bleaching. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv bleaching txheej txheem hauv kev lag luam xws li papermaking, textiles, tawv, thiab ntoo.
Txoj Kev 1: Sodium bromate (NaBrO3) tuaj yeem npaj tau los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm bromic acid thiab sodium hydroxide.
Qhov sib npaug yog raws li nram no:
HBrO3+NaOH → NaBrO3+H2O
Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no, 1 mole ntawm bromic acid (HBrO3) reacts nrog 1 mole ntawm sodium hydroxide (NaOH) los tsim 1 mole ntawm Sodium bromate (NaBrO)3) thiab 1 mole dej (H2O). Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug equimolar ratio.
Kauj Ruam 1: Npaj cov cuab yeej kuaj thiab cov tshuaj reagents
- Xyuas kom tseeb tias qhov kev sim tau ua nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw nyab xeeb thiab hnav cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tus kheej tsim nyog, xws li cov hnab looj tes sim, tsom iav, thiab cov tsho hauv chav kuaj.
-Npaj cov hlab ntsha, xws li lub raj mis lossis lub khob ntim ntim, rau kev sib xyaw cov tshuaj reactants.
- Tau txais cov tshuaj reagents, suav nrog bromic acid (HBrO3thiab sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
Kauj Ruam 2: Ntsuas thiab sib tov cov tshuaj reactants
-Qhov hnyav ib yam ntawm bromic acid (HBrO3) thiab sodium hydroxide (NaOH) siv qhov sib npaug.
Kauj Ruam 3: Maj mam ntxiv cov reactants
- Maj mam ntxiv cov hnyav bromic acid thiab sodium hydroxide rau hauv cov hlab ntsha. Thaum lub sijhawm txheej txheem no, ceev faj kom tsis txhob txaws thiab ua tib zoo saib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Kauj Ruam 4: stirring thiab cua sov
-Kua qhov sib tov kom ntseeg tau tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo ib yam.
-Yog tias xav tau cua sov, cov hlab ntsha tuaj yeem muab tso rau ntawm lub phaj cua sov lossis da dej kub tuaj yeem siv los tswj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kub hauv qhov tsim nyog. Cov cua sov tuaj yeem txhawb nqa cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Kauj Ruam 5: Saib thiab kaw
-Saib cov xim hloov thiab tso pa tawm thaum lub sijhawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab sau lawv raws sijhawm.
Kauj Ruam 6: Txias thiab lim
-Tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav, txias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov hlab ntsha mus rau chav sov.
- Lim cov khoom siv lim ntawv lossis lwm txoj hauv kev kom tshem tawm cov impurities.
Kauj Ruam 7: Crystallization thiab ziab
- Muab cov tshuaj lim dej tso rau hauv lub tais crystallization lossis iav ntim thiab cia nws maj mam crystallize.
-Koj tuaj yeem ntxiv qee cov kuab tshuaj (xws li dej) lossis kho qhov kub kom tswj tau tus nqi crystallization.
-Thaum lub crystallization tiav, maj mam qhuav cov crystalline khoom nrog cov ntaub so ntswg los yog lwm txoj kev.
Kauj Ruam 8: Sau thiab khaws cia
- Sau cov crystalline solids nrog cov ntaub so ntswg qhuav thiab muab tso rau hauv lub thawv qhuav.
-Hu lub thawv thiab khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw qhuav thiab tsaus.
Txoj Kev 2:
Kev sib npaug tshuaj rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm bromine thiab sodium hydroxide los tsim Sodium bromate:
Br2+6 NaOH → NaBrO3+5 NaBr+3 H2O
Qhov kev sib npaug no piav qhia txog cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm bromine thiab sodium hydroxide los tsim Sodium bromate. Los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, 1 mole ntawm bromine reacts nrog 6 moles ntawm sodium hydroxide los tsim 1 mole ntawm Sodium bromate, 5 moles ntawm sodium bromide, thiab 3 moles dej. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ib qho molar ratio.
Cov kauj ruam ntxaws yog raws li nram no:
Kauj Ruam 1: Maj mam ntxiv bromine rau cov tshuaj sodium hydroxide hauv qab nplawm, thiab tswj qhov kub ntawm 30-40 degree .
Kauj Ruam 2: Tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav, lim cov sediment thiab ntxuav nws nrog dej ntau, sib xyaw cov lim dej thiab tshuaj ntxuav.
Kauj Ruam 3: Ntxiv cov pa roj carbon activated rau decolorization rau cov tshuaj sib xyaw, thiab lim kom tau txais cov tshuaj ntshiab. Ntxiv sodium bicarbonate rau cov kua ntshiab kom tsis txhob muaj ntau tshaj sodium hydroxide, cia nws sawv ntsug, thiab lim cov precipitate sodium hydroxide.
Kauj Ruam 4: Crystallize thiab cais sodium hydroxide kom tau txais dibromotetraacetate crystals.
Kauj Ruam 5: Dissolve lub dibromotetraacetate siv lead ua hauv dej, ntxiv qhov tsim nyog ntawm sodium bromide tov, thiab cais cov siv lead ua kom tau txais sodium bromate crystal.
Kauj Ruam 6: Dissolve sodium bromate crystals hauv dej, ntxiv qhov tsim nyog ntawm sodium hydroxide tov, thiab cais cov crystals kom tau txais sodium dibromoacetate crystals. Dissolve sodium dibromoacetate crystals hauv dej, ntxiv qhov tsim nyog ntawm sodium bromide tov, thiab cais cov crystals kom tau txais sodium bromide crystals.
Txoj Kev 3:
Kev sib npaug tshuaj rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm sodium chlorate thiab potassium bromide los tsim Sodium bromate:
3 NaClO3+6 KBr → 3 NaBrO3+5 KBr+3 Cl2
Qhov kev sib npaug no piav qhia txog cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm sodium chlorate thiab potassium bromide los tsim Sodium bromate. Los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, 3 moles ntawm sodium chlorate teb nrog 6 moles ntawm poov tshuaj bromide los tsim 3 moles ntawm sodium bromate, 5 moles ntawm poov tshuaj bromide, thiab 3 moles ntawm chlorine gas. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ib qho molar ratio.
Cov kauj ruam yooj yim rau kev npaj Sodium Bromate yog raws li hauv qab no:
Kauj Ruam 1: Kev ua haujlwm nyab xeeb
Xyuas kom meej tias cov kev ua haujlwm tau ua nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam uas tsim nyog thiab hnav cov khoom tiv thaiv tus kheej xws li cov hnab looj tes hauv chav kuaj, tsom iav, thiab cov tsho hauv chav kuaj. Ua raws li cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm.
Kauj Ruam 2: Npaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov tshuaj reagents
Xaiv lub thawv tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tsim nyog, xws li lub raj mis lossis lub khob ntim ntim, thiab npaj cov tshuaj reagents. Qhov no suav nrog sodium chlorate (NaClO3) thiab potassium bromide (KBr).
Kauj Ruam 3: Sib Nqus thiab Sib Nqus Reagents
Ua kom hnyav ib qho nyiaj ntawm sodium chlorate thiab potassium bromide siv qhov sib npaug. Sib tov lawv ua ke raws li proportions ntawm cov tshuaj sib npaug. Piv txwv li, sib tov 1 mole ntawm sodium chlorate nrog 1 mole ntawm poov tshuaj bromide.
Kauj Ruam 4: stirring thiab cua sov
Siv cov cuab yeej tsim nyog xws li iav rods los do cov sib tov kom ntseeg tau tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo ib yam. Yog tias tsim nyog los ua kom nrawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, cua sov tuaj yeem nqa tawm ntawm qhov ntsuas kub uas tsim nyog. Cov cua sov tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm lub phaj cua sov lossis da dej kub.
Kauj Ruam 5: Saib thiab kaw
Thaum cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv, koj tuaj yeem soj ntsuam qee qhov tshwm sim, xws li kev hloov xim, tso pa tawm, thiab lwm yam. Sau cov kev soj ntsuam no raws sijhawm.
Kauj Ruam 6: Txias thiab crystallization
Tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav, txias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov hlab ntsha mus rau chav sov. Qhov no tuaj yeem txhawb cov crystallization ntawm cov khoom. Tus nqi ntawm crystallization tuaj yeem tswj tau los ntawm kev kho qhov kub thiab txias lossis ntxiv cov kuab tshuaj.
Kauj Ruam 7: Sib cais thiab sau cov khoom
Siv cov ntawv lim lossis lwm txoj kev tsim nyog los cais cov tshuaj kom tshem tawm cov impurities. Sau cov khoom thiab xa mus rau lub thawv qhuav.
Kauj Ruam 8: Qhuav thiab Cia
Maj mam qhuav cov khoom crystalline nrog cov ntaub so ntswg lossis lwm yam khoom siv absorbent, thiab tom qab ntawd muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw qhuav kom qhuav kom huv si. Thaum kawg, khaws cov khoom hauv lub thawv ntim kom tsis txhob ya raws thiab oxidation.
Cov txheej txheem saum toj no yog cov txheej txheem ntau rau kev npaj Sodium Bromate hauv chav kuaj, thiab txhua txoj kev muaj nws qhov zoo, qhov tsis zoo, thiab kev siv tau. Hauv kev tsim khoom tiag tiag, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los xaiv cov txheej txheem tsim nyog rau kev npaj raws li cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb.