Thaum cov tswv tsev xaiv ib lub ntsiav tshuaj chewable txhua hli rau lawv cov dev, lawv feem ntau tsom rau kev tiv thaiv flea thiab zuam. Txawm li cas los, lub internal parasite tswj nyob rau hauvafoxolaner thiab milbemycin oxime chewable ntsiav tshuajyog sib npaug zoo kawg nkaus - thiab deb ntau nuanced tshaj li feem ntau cov khoom piav qhia. Kev nkag siab txog yuav ua li cas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ua haujlwm tuaj yeem pab cov kws kho tsiaj, pab pawg neeg yuav khoom, thiab cov neeg muag khoom noj qab haus huv rau tsiaj txiav txim siab ntau dua.
Afoxolaner Thiab Milbemycin Oxime Chewable Tablets
1. General Specification (hauv Tshuag)
(1) API (Ntshiab hmoov)
(2) Tablet
9.375+1.875mg: 2-3.5 kg
18.75+3.75mg: 3.5-7.5kg
37.5+7.5mg:＞7.5-15kg
75+15mg:＞15-30kg
150+30mg: 30-60kg
(3) Ointment
2.Customization:
Peb yuav sib tham tus kheej, OEM / ODM, Tsis muaj hom, rau kev tshawb nrhiav kev ruaj ntseg nkaus xwb.
PIB: BM-2-117
Lub khw tseem ceeb: Tebchaws Asmeskas, Australia, Brazil, Nyiv, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, Indonesia, UK, New Zealand, Canada thiab lwm yam.
Chaw tsim tshuaj paus: BLOOM TECH Xi'an Hoobkas
Yuav Ua Li Cas Milbemycin Oxime Pab Afoxolaner thiab Milbemycin Oxime Chewable Tablets Target Nematodes?
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm Milbemycin Oxime hauv Dual -Cov Qauv Ua Haujlwm
Ob qho tshuaj hauv afoxolaner thiab milbemycin oxime chewable ntsiav tshuaj ua haujlwm ua ke los kho ntau yam mob sib txawv. Afoxolaner tuaj yeem tua cov dev mub, zuam, mites, thiab lwm yam kab mob ectoparasites los ntawm kev thaiv GABA -gated chloride channels hauv arthropods. Thaum nws los txog rau cov kab mob hauv cov kab mob xws li kab mob worms thiab heartworm larvae, milbemycin oxime yog qhov koj xav tau.
Nws yog macrolide anthelmintic, uas yog ib hom tshuaj. Milbemycin A3 ua rau li 20% ntawm cov nquag nquag, thiab milbemycin A4 ua rau lwm tus 80%. Nws yuav siv li ib mus rau ob teev rau txhua qhov kom ncav cuag nws qib siab tshaj plaws hauv cov ntshav tom qab tau txais los ntawm qhov ncauj.
Ib nrab-lub neej ntawm 1.6 hnub (A3) thiab 3.3 hnub (A4) xyuas kom meej tias cov tshuaj hauv lub cev nyob li qub ntawm ib hlis mus rau ib hlis.
Vim li cas nematodes tsis tshua muaj kev phom sij
Thaum nws tuaj rau nab, lawv cov ntshav- lub hlwb thaiv tsis zoo ib yam li peb. Glutamate-gated chloride channels ua lub luag haujlwm loj hauv lawv cov hlab ntsha tswj lawv cov leeg. Qhov kev hloov pauv hauv cov qauv no yog siv los ntawm milbemycin oxime. Cov tshuaj tsuas yog khi rau cov channel uas tshwj xeeb rau cov pob txha. Qhov no tso tawm ib txoj kab ntawm cov xwm txheej uas kho tus nqi hauv cov tsiaj txhu tsis tso tseg. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov dev tuaj yeem nqus tau milbemycin oxime tag nrho, nrog 81% ntawm A3 tivthaiv raug coj mus rau hauv thiab 65% ntawm A4 tivthaiv raug coj mus rau hauv.
Afoxolaner thiab Milbemycin Oxime Chewable Tablets thiab Glutamate-Gated Chloride Channels
Dab tsi Glutamate-Gated Chloride Channels Ua tiag tiag
GluCls, uas yog glutamate{0}}gated chloride channels, yog qhov hloov pauv tseem ceeb uas tswj cov leeg nqaij hauv cov kab mob neuromuscular junctions. Nyob rau hauv lub cev noj qab haus huv, thaum glutamate khi rau cov kab no, chloride ions ntws mus rau hauv lub cell nyob rau hauv ib tug khov kho, npaj txoj kev. Nws yog ua tau rau cov leeg kom nruj thiab so nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev tswj. Qhov no cia cov kab mob txav mus thiab pub rau hauv ib txoj hauv kev.
Kev xaiv uas tiv thaiv tus tswv
Thaum nws los txog tshuaj, ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm milbemycin oxime yog qhov kev xaiv.
Cov tsiaj nyeg muaj glutamate-gated chloride channels hauv lawv cov retinal neurons, tab sis cov ntshav- lub hlwb thaiv thaiv cov milbemycin oxime los ntawm kev ncav cuag lub hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum nyob rau hauv cov nqi uas yuav ua rau muaj kev phom sij ntawm cov tshuaj uas tau pom zoo. Cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm pharmacokinetics qhia tau hais tias A3 kis tawm ntau tshaj li 2.7 L / kg ntawm lub cev hnyav, thaum A4 kis tau tshaj li 2.6 L / kg. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias A3 thiab A4 kis tau thoob plaws lub cev thiab tuaj yeem ncav cuag cov ntaub so ntswg uas muaj kab mob thaum tseem tiv thaiv tus tswv tsev. Vim li no selectivity yam ntxwv,afoxolaner thiab milbemycin oxime chewable ntsiav tshuajmuaj kev nyab xeeb rau txhua hom dev tshwj tsis yog cov uas muaj MDR1 noob hloov.
Yuav ua li cas tshwm sim rau Nematode Nerve Signaling tom qab Milbemycin Oxime raug?
Kev cuam tshuam ntawm Ib txwm Neuromuscular Transmission
GluCl channels raug kaw qhib los ntawm milbemycin oxime, uas ua rau cov nematode cov leeg cov cim tau nrawm dua. Nws ua rau daim nyias nyias them ntau dua thaum cov chloride ions tseem tuaj. Tus cab tsis tuaj yeem ua rau nws cov leeg ua haujlwm ua ke ntxiv lawm. Yog tias worms 'pharyngeal twj tso tseg, lawv noj tsis tau. Yuav kom kab ntsig los ua neeg laus, lawv yuav tsum tau noj. Yog tsis muaj zaub mov, cov neeg laus tsis tuaj yeem ua raws li lawv cov kev xav tau metabolic.
Irreversibility thiab Parasite Tuag
Nws yuav siv sij hawm ib ntus rau lub xeev hyperpolarized kom ploj mus.GluCl receptors tau khi rau milbemycin oxime, tab sis nws maj mam tawg ntawm lawv. Qhov no ua rau lub channel qhib rau lub sijhawm ntev. Tus kab mob mus los ntawm kev txav tsis tau mus rau qhov tuag. Cov dev feem ntau yuav kis tau kab mob plawv microfilariae thaum lawv nyob hauv lawv cov menyuam yaus theem L3 thiab L4. Txoj kev no ua haujlwm zoo tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tiv thaiv kab mob roundworm Toxocara canis, hookworm Ancylostoma caninum, whipworm Trichuris vulpis, thiab roundworm Toxocara canis.
Los ntawm Chloride Influx mus rau tuag tes tuag taw: Anthelmintic Mechanism ntawm Milbemycin Oxime
Lub Molecular Sequence Los ntawm Kev Sib Txuas rau Immobilization
Oxime ntawm milbemycin pib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob antihelmintic uas tshwm sim hauv kev txiav txim kom meej meej. Cov tshuaj molecules nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha tsuas yog teev tom qab noj tshuaj. Lawv mus rau qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg uas worms nyob raws li menyuam mos thiab cov neeg laus. Ntawm nematode's neuromuscular hlws ris, milbemycin oxime allosterically tig rau GluCl receptors. Qhov no ua rau chloride ions sau qhov chaw hauv lub hlwb. Lub hyperpolarization tom qab ntawd tua lub cev muaj zog neurons, uas txhais tau hais tias cov cab tsis tuaj yeem txav mus.
Clinical Revance to Heartworm Prevention
Ib txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb heev yog siv cov txheej txheem no yog ua kom cov kab mob plawv ntawm bay.Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov tshuaj kom tshem tawm cov microfilariae uas txav mus los ua ntej lawv tig mus rau L3 larvae uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov ntaub so ntswg. Nws tau pom tias qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj hauv cov ntshav tau mus txog hauv ob teev tom qab noj nws los ntawm qhov ncauj. Qhov no ua rau peb muaj sijhawm ntau los ntes cov larvae ua ntej lawv mus rau lub plawv thiab lub ntsws cov ntaub so ntswg. Yog koj muab koj tus tsiajafoxolaner thiab milbemycin oxime chewable ntsiav tshuajib hlis ib zaug, lub plawv larvae yuav loj hlob qeeb dua. Txoj kev no tau pom tias ua haujlwm hauv qhov chaw uas muaj kab mob plawv, xws li Asmeskas thiab Australia.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Afoxolaner thiab Milbemycin Oxime Chewable Ntsiav Tshuaj Txuas Ntxiv Parasite Tswj Tshaj Tawm
Internal thiab External kev pab cuam los ntawm ib ntsiav tshuaj
Cov dev uas nyob sab nraud raug rau ob qho tib si ectoparasites thiab endoparasites tib lub sijhawm. Qhov no yog qhov uas lub tswv yim rau afoxolaner thiab milbemycin oxime chewable ntsiav tshuaj los ntawm. Qee cov tshuaj, zoo li afoxolaner, uas nres GABA channels hauv arthropods, thiab milbemycin oxime, uas qhib GluCl channels hauv cov cab, ua haujlwm zoo ua ke dua li thaum siv sib cais vim tias lawv npog ntau thaj chaw. Fleas, kab, kab mob plawv microfilariae, thiab kab mob plab tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov dev uas txhaj tshuaj ib hlis ib zaug.
Pharmacokinetic Complementarity
Kuj tseem muaj qhov sib xws ntawm cov qauv metabolic ntawm ob cov khoom xyaw nquag. Muaj cov afoxolaner tshaj plaws hauv cov ntshav hauv ob mus rau plaub teev, thiab nws nyob ntawd li ntawm ob lub lis piam. Cov qib Milbemycin oxime nyob ntawm lawv qhov muaj zog tshaj plaws rau ib mus rau ob teev, tab sis lawv mus sai dua. Vim tias cov koob tshuaj tau muab txhua lub hlis, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv trough nyob rau theem nyab xeeb. Nws yog vim qhov kev cuam tshuam no uas tag nrho cov kab mob parasite tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw txij li thawj hnub ntawm koob tshuaj rau 30 hnub.
Xaus
Cov tshuaj no,afoxolaner thiab milbemycin oxime chewable ntsiav tshuaj, tua kab mob los ntawm kev ua kom cov nematode glutamate-gated chloride channels. Qhov no ua rau txuas ntxiv hyperpolarization, uas nyob rau hauv lem paralyzes parasites cov leeg thiab tua lawv. Thaum sib xyaw nrog afoxolaner's ectoparasite system, qhov kev sib xyaw no muab cov dev ib qho zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov kab mob cab. Thaum muab cov kws tshaj lij, kws kho tsiaj, thiab cov tuam txhab kev noj qab haus huv tsiaj nkag siab txog cov tshuaj tom qab qhov sib xyaw ua ke no, lawv tuaj yeem tso cov khoom zoo dua thiab tsim kev ntseeg siab nrog cov neeg siv khoom.
Cov lus nug nquag
Q1: Milbemycin oxime txawv li cas ntawm ivermectin hauv anthelmintic mechanism?
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Milbemycin oxime thiab ivermectin ob leeg ua haujlwm ntawm chloride ion raws. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv cov tsiaj, ivermectin tsuas yog ua haujlwm ntawm GluCl raws, thaum milbemycin oxime tsuas yog ua haujlwm ntawm GluCls raws. Vim tias qhov sib txawv no, milbemycin oxime tuaj yeem siv los hloov cov tshuaj hauv chav kawm ivermectin thaum cov kab mob cab tsis zoo rau lawv.
Q2: Puas yog afoxolaner thiab milbemycin oxime chewable ntsiav tshuaj muaj kev nyab xeeb rau txhua tus dev yug?
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Feem ntau, ntau hom tsiaj ua tau zoo nrog kev sib xyaw. Yog tias tus dev MDR1 (ABCB1) hloov pauv, nws yuav khaws ntau milbemycin oxime hauv nws lub hlwb. Collies thiab lwm tus dev herding feem ntau ua qhov no. Cov qoob loo uas muaj kev pheej hmoo yuav tsum tham nrog kws kho tsiaj thiab tau txais kev kuaj caj ces ua ntej lawv pib kho nrog afoxolaner thiab milbemycin oxime chewable ntsiav tshuaj.
Q3: Milbemycin oxime pib ua haujlwm sai npaum li cas rau cov kab mob plawv tom qab kev tswj hwm?
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Ib mus rau ob teev tom qab noj milbemycin oxime los ntawm qhov ncauj, cov ntshav hauv cov ntshav yog siab tshaj. Vim tias nws ua haujlwm sai heev, cov tshuaj kho tau nce mus txog microfilariae tam sim ntawd. Qhov no pab txwv tsis pub cov larvae hloov mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg -migrating theem tsuav yog ua raws li cov phiaj xwm tshuaj txhua hli.
Koom tes nrog Bloomtechz rau Kev Txhim Kho Afoxolaner thiab Milbemycin Oxime Chewable Tablets Supply
Bloomtechz tau ua tshuaj thiab ua cov tshuaj synthesis rau ntau tshaj 12 xyoo, yog li lawv tuaj yeem tswj tau txhua qhov kev txiav txim. Cov nroj tsuag ntau lawm uas ua rau peb cov afoxolaner thiab milbemycin oxime chewable ntsiav tshuaj yog 100,000 square meters thiab muaj GMP ntawv pov thawj los ntawm US FDA, EU, Nyiv, thiab CFDA. Qhov no txhais tau tias txhua pawg ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj no ua tau raws li cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb nruj. Koj tuaj yeem tau txaisafoxolaner thiab milbemycin oxime chewable ntsiav tshuajlos ntawm Bloomtechz. Lawv muab kev xaiv OEM thiab ODM, specs uas tuaj yeem hloov pauv, tus nqi meej, thiab kev kuaj xyuas zoo nrog peb qhov txuas. Txij li lub sijhawm koj thov kev pab kom txog thaum cov ntsiav tshuaj xa tuaj, peb pab neeg tau npaj los pab koj cov saw hlau. Qhov no muaj tseeb txawm tias koj xav tau API hmoov lossis cov tshuaj tiav lawm.
Hu rau peb pab neeg ncaj qha ntawmSales@bloomtechz.comlos tham txog koj cov kev xav tau kev pab.
Cov ntaub ntawv
1. Prichard, RK, & Geary, TG (2019). Kev pom ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm macrocyclic lactones hauv kev tswj kom ruaj khov ntawm cov kab mob cab nematodes. International Journal for Parasitology: Tshuaj thiab Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv, 10, 69–82.
2. Wolstenholme, AJ (2012). Glutamate-gated chloride channels thiab hom kev ua ntawm avermectin/milbemycin anthelmintics. Parasitology, 139(9), 1129–1143.
3. Blagburn, BL, & Dryden, MW (2009). Biology, kev kho mob, thiab tswj cov kab mob yoov thiab zuam. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, 39(6), 1173–1200.
4. Hartmann, K., & Genchi, C. (2010). Kab mob plawv hauv dev: pathogenesis, cov tsos mob, thiab kev kho mob. Veterinary Parasitology, 176(4), 311–320.
5. European Medicines Agency. (2014). Afoxolaner thiab milbemycin oxime: European Public Assessment Report - Kev Sib Tham Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb. EMA/CVMP/546397/2014.
6. Bowman, DD, & Atkins, CE (2009). Heartworm biology, kho, thiab tswj. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, 39(6), 1127–1158.