Tris Base, tseem hu ua Tris (hydroxymethylamine) los yog bradykinin, yog ib qho organic compound nrog cov haujlwm tseem ceeb lom neeg. Cov qauv qauv tshuaj yog HOCH ₂ (CH ₂ OH) ₂ CH ₂ NH ₂, uas yog ternary cawv amine nrog ib pawg cawv hydroxyl thiab ob pawg thawj cawv hydroxyl. Nws cov qauv molecular yog C3H8NO3, CAS 77-86-1, nrog rau qhov hnyav molecular ntawm 121.1. Nws yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug dawb crystalline hmoov, odorless, thiab tsis hygroscopic. Nws tuaj yeem siv dav los ua qhov tsis sib xws, cais tawm, thiab kho kom zoo hauv kev tshawb fawb biochemical. Piv txwv li, hauv kev sim xws li cov protein electrophoresis, chromatography, thiab kev txheeb xyuas cov nucleic acids thiab cov proteins, nws tuaj yeem siv los ua qhov tsis zoo los tswj pH stability thaum tseem tiv thaiv kev ruaj ntseg ntawm nucleic acids thiab proteins. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tseem tuaj yeem siv los npaj cov tshuaj muaj protein ntau, xws li cov tshuaj enzyme.
(Cov khoom txuas: https://www.bloomtechz.com/basic-chemicals/raw-materials/tris-base-powder-cas-77-86-1.html)
Tris puag, tseem hu ua trimethylaminomethane, yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis thiab biochemical reagent. Nws cov qauv molecular yog raws li nram no:
Cov mis molecular ntawm Tris puag yog C4H11NO3, thiab nws cov qauv molecular suav nrog peb cov pa roj carbon monoxide, nrog rau txhua cov pa roj carbon atom txuas nrog pawg hydroxyl (- OH) thiab ib pawg amino (- NH2). Cov qauv molecular no endows Tris puag nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo heev thiab biocompatibility. Hauv cov qauv molecular ntawm Tris puag, peb pawg hydroxyl muab lub peev xwm tsis muaj zog, ua rau Tris puag feem ntau siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev buffering hauv kev sim biochemical. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub xub ntiag ntawm cov amino pawg kuj endows Tris lub hauv paus nrog rau cov kev siv nyob rau hauv cov kab mob lom, xws li tswj cov pH nqi ntawm cov kab mob lom thiab ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug tsis rau protein electrophoresis.
Tshwj xeeb, cov qauv molecular ntawm Tris puag muaj ib pawg amino (- NH2) thiab peb pawg hydroxyl (- OH), raws li qhia hauv qab no:
daim duab
Ntawm lawv, (CH2) 3 sawv cev rau cov saw hlau uas muaj peb carbon atoms thiab ob peb hydrogen atoms.
Cov qauv molecular ntawm Tris puag ua rau nws dav siv nyob rau hauv biochemistry thiab biomedicine, xws li raws li ib tug buffer, electrophoresis reagent, protein crystallization reagent, thiab lwm yam. Cov ntawv thov no qhia tag nrho qhov tseem ceeb thiab tus nqi ntawm Tris puag raws li kev ua haujlwm molecule.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm 3-chloropropanol nrog ethylene oxide nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm sodium hydroxide los tsim tri ({1}}chloroethoxy) methylamine yog ib txoj kev zoo synthesis. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yuav tsum tau siv cov kuab tshuaj organic, xws li dichloromethane lossis tetrahydrofuran, los xyuas kom meej qhov kev vam meej ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Lub caij no, kev tswj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kuj tseem ceeb heev, nrog rau qhov kub thiab txias, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub sij hawm, thiab pub piv.
Synthesis cov kauj ruam:
1. Ntxiv qhov tsim nyog ntawm cov kuab tshuaj organic rau hauv lub khob ntim hauv qab, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxiv 3-chloropropanol thiab ethylene oxide nyob rau hauv ib qho kev faib ua feem (xws li molar ratio ntawm 1: 2) rau lub khob.
2. Ntxiv cov tshuaj sodium hydroxide uas tsim nyog, pib lub tshuab magnetic stirrer, thiab do kom sib npaug.
3. Ua kom sov cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib tov rau qhov kub thiab txias (piv txwv li 50 degree) thiab tswj nws ntawm qhov kub thiab txias rau qee lub sijhawm (piv txwv li 2 teev). Lub sijhawm no, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav pib thiab maj mam mus.
4. Tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav, txias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib tov rau hauv chav sov.
5. Cais cov kua dej ntshiab sab sauv los ntawm kev sib cais kom tau cov khoom nyoos. Nyob rau hauv cov kauj ruam no, tsim nyog cov kuab tshuaj organic yuav siv tau rau extraction ntxiv purify cov khoom.
6. Ua kom huv cov khoom nyoos los ntawm kab chromatography lossis recrystallization kom tau cov ntshiab tri (2-chloroethoxy) methylamine.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tuaj yeem qhia tau tias:
C3H7ClO+2C2H4O+2NaOH → Tri (2-chloroethoxy) methylamine+2H2O + NaCl
Ntawm lawv, NaOH yog cov catalyst, H2O yog cov dej molecule, thiab NaCl yog sodium chloride. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no suav nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntxiv ntawm 3-chloropropanol thiab epoxyethane catalyzed los ntawm sodium hydroxide los tsim tris (2-chloroethoxy) methylamine. Lub caij no, cov dej molecules thiab sodium chloride yuav raug tsim thaum lub sij hawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Tris puag tau tsim los ntawm reacting ethylene glycol thiab ammonia dej. Sib tov ethylene glycol thiab ammonia dej thiab hnov mob hauv cov cua sov rau ib lub sijhawm kom tau txais Tris puag. Txoj kev no yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam, tab sis qhov tawm los kuj tsawg.
Synthesis cov kauj ruam:
1. Ntxiv qhov tsim nyog ntawm ethylene glycol tov thiab ammonia tov (molar ratio 2: 1) mus rau lub khob hauv qab, thiab do nrog ib tug sib nqus stirrer.
2. Ua kom sov cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib tov nyob rau hauv cov cua sov rau ib lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm (feem ntau 24 teev) kom txog thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav. Thaum lub sij hawm tus txheej txheem no, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsim Tris puag thiab lwm yam byproducts. Lub hom phiaj ntawm cua sov yog los txhawb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab ua kom cov qoob loo ntawm Tris puag.
3. Cais cov kua dej ntshiab sab sauv los ntawm kev sib cais kom tau Tris puag daws. Nyob rau hauv cov kauj ruam no, tsim nyog cov kuab tshuaj organic yuav siv tau rau extraction ntxiv purify Tris puag.
4. Hauv kev sib sau Tris hauv paus kev daws teeb meem, tus nqi tsim nyog ntawm cov kuab tshuaj tuaj yeem siv rau dilution kom tau txais qhov xav tau concentration.
5. Thaum kawg, cov tshuaj Tris puag tuaj yeem lim thiab ua kom tsis muaj menyuam. Piv txwv li, cov ntxaij lim dej tuaj yeem siv los tshem tawm cov impurities los ntawm cov tshuaj, los yog cov txheej txheem kom tsis muaj menyuam tuaj yeem siv los xyuas kom tsis muaj menyuam ntawm cov tshuaj.
Kev sib npaug tshuaj tiv thaiv
Kev sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau kev sib txuas ntawm Tris puag los ntawm ethylene glycol thiab ammonia dej tuaj yeem qhia tau tias:
HOCH2CH2OH+NH3 → N (CH2OH) 3+H2O
Ntawm lawv, HOCH2CH2OH yog cov qauv qauv ntawm ethylene glycol, NH3 yog cov qauv molecular ntawm ammonia, N (CH2OH) 3 yog cov qauv qauv ntawm Tris puag, thiab H2O yog cov dej molecule. Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no, ethylene glycol thiab ammonia tau txais cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntxiv hauv cov cua sov, tsim Tris puag thiab dej molecules.