Oxalic acid hmoov yog ib qho organic compound nrog cov tshuaj formula ntawm HCO₄. Nws yog cov khoom lag luam metabolic ntawm cov kab mob. Nws yog ib tug binary tsis muaj zog acid, dav faib nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag, tsiaj txhu thiab fungi, thiab plays txawv functions nyob rau hauv ntau yam kab mob. Txoj kev tshawb no pom tias ntau tshaj 100 hom nroj tsuag muaj nplua nuj nyob rau hauv oxalic acid, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog spinach, amaranth, beet, purslane, taro, qos yaj ywm qab zib thiab rhubarb. Vim tias oxalic acid tuaj yeem txo qhov bioavailability ntawm cov ntxhia hauv cov ntsiab lus, nws yooj yim tsim calcium oxalate nrog calcium ions hauv tib neeg lub cev thiab ua rau lub raum pob zeb, yog li oxalic acid feem ntau suav hais tias yog ib qho antagonist rau kev nqus thiab siv cov ntxhia pob zeb. Nws cov anhydride yog carbon trioxide.
Cov txheej txheem kev lag luam ntawm oxalic acid feem ntau suav nrog: txoj kev sodium formate, oxidation method, carbonyl synthesis method, ethylene glycol oxidation method, propylene oxidation method, thiab carbon monoxide coupling method.
1. Carbon monoxide purified los ntawm sodium formate txoj kev reacts nrog sodium hydroxide nyob rau hauv lub siab los tsim sodium formate, uas yog ces dehydrogenated nyob rau hauv high kub los tsim sodium oxalate, uas yog ces raug lead (los yog calcification), acidification, crystallization, lub cev qhuav dej thiab ziab. kom tau tiav oxalic acid. Lub siab hluavtaws ntawm carbon monoxide thiab sodium hydroxide feem ntau yog 1.8-2.0MPa. Lub dehydrogenation kub yog 400 degree.
2. Txoj kev oxidation yuav siv cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab los yog piam thaj niam cawv ua raw khoom thiab oxidizes nrog nitric acid-sulfuric acid nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm alum catalyst kom tau oxalic acid. Cov nitrogen oxide nyob rau hauv cov pa khib nyiab raug xa mus rau ntauwd nqus kom rov qab los ua kom cov kua qaub dilute nitric acid.
3. Cov pa roj carbon monoxide nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem carbonyl synthesis yog purified rau ntau tshaj 90 feem pua, thiab tom qab ntawd raug carbonylation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog butanol nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm palladium catalyst los tsim dibutyl oxalate, uas yog ces hydrolyzed kom tau oxalic acid. Txoj kev no muab faib ua kua theem txoj kev thiab roj theem txoj kev. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm cov roj theem yog qhov tsawg, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv siab yog 300-400kPa. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv siab ntawm txoj kev ua kua theem yog 13.0-15.0MPa.
Kev siv oxalic acid hmoov:
Complexing agent, masking agent, precipitating agent, txo tus neeg sawv cev. Kev tsom xam yog siv los txheeb xyuas thiab txiav txim siab beryllium, calcium, chromium, kub, manganese, strontium, thorium thiab lwm yam hlau ions. Sodium thiab lwm yam khoom raug tshuaj xyuas los ntawm micro-crystal tsom xam. Precipitate calcium, magnesium, thorium thiab tsawg ntiaj teb cov ntsiab lus. Calibrate tus txheej txheem daws ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate thiab cerium sulfate tov. cov tshuaj bleaching. Dye pab. Nws kuj tseem siv tau los tshem cov xeb ntawm cov khaub ncaws. Ua ntej pleev xim rau sab nrauv phab ntsa, kev tsim kho kev lag luam yuav tsum xub pleev xim oxalic acid kom tshem tawm cov alkali vim muaj zog alkalinity ntawm phab ntsa.
Kev lag luam kws tshuaj yog siv los tsim tshuaj xws li aureomycin, oxytetracycline, tetracycline, streptomycin, borneol, vitamin B12, phenobarbital, thiab lwm yam. Kev lag luam yas yog siv los tsim PVC, amino plastics thiab urea-formaldehyde plastics.
Raws li ib tug catalyst rau cov synthesis ntawm phenolic resin, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv catalytic yog me me, cov txheej txheem kuj ruaj khov, thiab lub sij hawm ntev tshaj. Cov tshuaj Acetone oxalate tuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kho ntawm epoxy resin thiab ua kom lub sijhawm kho. Nws kuj yog siv los ua pH regulator rau synthesis ntawm urea-formaldehyde resin thiab melamine formaldehyde resin. Nws tseem tuaj yeem muab ntxiv rau PVF dej-soluble nplaum nplaum los txhim kho kom qhuav nrawm thiab kev sib khi lub zog. Nws kuj yog siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev kho ntawm urea-formaldehyde resin thiab hlau ion chelating tus neeg sawv cev. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua tus txhawb nqa rau kev npaj cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab nrog KMnO4oxidant kom nrawm oxidation tus nqi thiab txo lub sij hawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
1.As tshuaj dawb:
Oxalic acid feem ntau yog siv los txo tus neeg saib xyuas thiab tshuaj dawb, hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj tua kab mob, borneol thiab lwm yam tshuaj, nrog rau cov kuab tshuaj rau kev ua kom tsis tshua muaj hlau, dye reducer agent, tanning agent, thiab lwm yam.
2.Oxalic acid kuj tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov cobalt-molybdenum-aluminium catalysts, ntxuav cov hlau thiab marble, thiab bleaching ntawm textiles.
3.Siv rau hlau nto tu thiab kev kho mob, tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb keeb extraction, textile printing thiab dyeing, tawv ua, catalyst npaj, thiab lwm yam.
Kev txheeb xyuas txoj kev ntawm oxalic acid:
Kuaj raws li txoj kev tshuaj ntsuam tau teev tseg hauv GB1626-88.
Cov ntsiab lus oxalic acid (xws li H2C2O4*2H2O) yog titrated nrog sodium hydroxide txheem tov siv phenolphthalein ua qhov taw qhia.
Sodium carbonate yog ntxiv rau sulfate (xws li SO42-) qauv ua kom cov sulfate hauv oxalic acid tsim sulfate. Yuav kom decompose oxalic acid thiab oxalate los ntawm tshav kub, cov residual tov yog ntxiv nrog barium chloride tov los tsim barium sulfate rau turbidimetry.
Cov ntsiab lus tshauv yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab raws li GB7531.
Cov hlau hnyav (xws li Pb) yuav tsum txiav txim siab raws li GB7531.
Hlau (xws li FE) yuav tsum txiav txim siab raws li GB3049.
Chloride (xws li Cl) Nyob rau hauv cov kua qaub ntawm nitric acid, chloride thiab silver nitrate daim ntawv nyiaj chloride, thiab ces turbidimetric.